PHEV Participating in Load Frequency Regulation of Interconnected Smart Grid Using Integral Linear Quadratic Gaussian Control Approach

This paper presents a new active structural control design methodology comparing the conventional linear-quadratic-Gaussian synthesis with a loop-transfer-recovery (LQG/LTR) control approach for structures subjected to ground excitations. It results in an open-loop stable controller. Also the closed-loop stability can be guaranteed. More importantly, the value of the controller's gain required for a given degree of LTR is orders of magnitude less than what is required in the conventional LQG/LTR approach. Additionally, for the same value of gain, the proposed controller achieves a much better degree of recovery than the LQG/LTR-based controller. Once this controller is obtained, the problems of control force saturation are either eliminated or at least dampened, and the controller band-width is reduced and consequently the control signal to noise ratio at the input point of the dynamic system is increased. Finally, numerical examples illustrate the above advantages.

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Application of Linear Quadratic Gaussian and Coefficient Diagram Techniques to Distributed Load Frequency Control of Power Systems

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app5041603 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 1603-1615 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Tarek Mohamed ◽

Ahmed Diab ◽

Mahmoud Hussein

Keyword(s):

Power Systems ◽

Frequency Control ◽

Load Frequency Control ◽

Linear Quadratic ◽

Linear Quadratic Gaussian ◽

Load Frequency ◽

Distributed Load ◽

Diagram Techniques

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Optimal linear quadratic Gaussian control based frequency regulation with communication delays in power system

International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) ◽

10.11591/ijece.v12i1.pp157-165 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 157

Author(s):

Hoan Bao Lai ◽

Anh-Tuan Tran ◽

Van Huynh ◽

Emmanuel Nduka Amaefule ◽

Phong Thanh Tran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Time Delay ◽

Power System ◽

Control Area ◽

Frequency Regulation ◽

Feedback Gain ◽

Communication Delays ◽

State Variables ◽

Linear Quadratic ◽

State Matrix ◽

Linear Quadratic Gaussian

<p>In this paper, load frequency regulator based on linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) is designed for the MAPS with communication delays. The communication delay is considered to denote the small time delay in a local control area of a wide-area power system. The system is modeled in the state space with inclusion of the delay state matrix parameters. Since some state variables are difficult to measure in a real modern multi-area power system, Kalman filter is used to estimate the unmeasured variables. In addition, the controller with the optimal feedback gain reduces the frequency spikes to zero and keeps the system stable. Lyapunov function based on the LMI technique is used to re-assure the asymptotically stability and the convergence of the estimator error. The designed LQG is simulated in a two area connected power network with considerable time delay. The result from the simulations indicates that the controller performed with expectation in terms of damping the frequency fluctuations and area control errors. It also solved the limitation of other controllers which need to measure all the system state variables.</p>

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