Bistable Dynamics of the Brain Extracellular Matrix in the Presence of Periodically Varying Neuronal Activity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maiya A. Rozhnova ◽  
Victor B. Kazantsev ◽  
Evgeniya V. Pankratova
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Bistable Dynamics ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Brain Extracellular Matrix

scholarly journals Extracellular matrix remodeling through endocytosis and resurfacing of Tenascin-R

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tal M. Dankovich ◽  
Rahul Kaushik ◽  
Gabriel Cassinelli Petersen ◽  
Philipp Emanuel Giro ◽  
Hannah Abdul Hadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Remodeling ◽  
Matrix Remodeling ◽  
Ecm Remodeling ◽  
Activity Dependent ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Brain Extracellular Matrix

SummaryThe brain extracellular matrix (ECM) assembles around neurons and synapses, and is thought to change only rarely, through proteolysis and renewed protein synthesis. We report here an alternative ECM remodeling mechanism, based on the recycling of ECM molecules. We found that a key ECM protein, Tenascin-R, is frequently endocytosed, and later resurfaces, preferentially near synapses. The TNR molecules complete this cycle within ∼3 days, in an activity-dependent fashion.

scholarly journals Chemotherapy-Induced Degradation of Glycosylated Components of the Brain Extracellular Matrix Promotes Glioblastoma Relapse Development in an Animal Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Y. Tsidulko ◽  
Oleg B. Shevelev ◽  
Anna S. Khotskina ◽  
Mariia A. Kolpakova ◽  
Anastasia V. Suhovskih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Supportive Therapy ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Core Proteins ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Proliferation And Invasion ◽  
Brain Extracellular Matrix

Adjuvant chemotherapy with temozolomide (TMZ) is an intrinsic part of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) therapy targeted to eliminate residual GBM cells. Despite the intensive treatment, a GBM relapse develops in the majority of cases resulting in poor outcome of the disease. Here, we investigated off-target negative effects of the systemic chemotherapy on glycosylated components of the brain extracellular matrix (ECM) and their functional significance. Using an elaborated GBM relapse animal model, we demonstrated that healthy brain tissue resists GBM cell proliferation and invasion, thereby restricting tumor development. TMZ-induced [especially in combination with dexamethasone (DXM)] changes in composition and content of brain ECM proteoglycans (PGs) resulted in the accelerated adhesion, proliferation, and invasion of GBM cells into brain organotypic slices ex vivo and more active growth and invasion of experimental xenograft GBM tumors in SCID mouse brain in vivo. These changes occurred both at core proteins and polysaccharide chain levels, and degradation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) was identified as a key event responsible for the observed functional effects. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that chemotherapy-induced changes in glycosylated components of brain ECM can impact the fate of residual GBM cells and GBM relapse development. ECM-targeted supportive therapy might be a useful strategy to mitigate the negative off-target effects of the adjuvant GBM treatment and increase the relapse-free survival of GBM patients.

scholarly journals Changes in the Brain Extracellular Matrix Sulfation Code in Alzheimer's Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly Alonge ◽  
Aric Logsdon ◽  
Kendra Francis ◽  
Nicole Richardson ◽  
Shannon Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Brain Extracellular Matrix

scholarly journals Brain extracellular space, hyaluronan, and the prevention of epileptic seizures

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine L. Perkins ◽  
Amaia M. Arranz ◽  
Yu Yamaguchi ◽  
Sabina Hrabetova
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Extracellular Space ◽  
Epileptiform Activity ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Mutant Mice ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Brain Extracellular Space ◽  
Brain Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Hydration Capacity

AbstractMutant mice deficient in hyaluronan (HA) have an epileptic phenotype. HA is one of the major constituents of the brain extracellular matrix. HA has a remarkable hydration capacity, and a lack of HA causes reduced extracellular space (ECS) volume in the brain. Reducing ECS volume can initiate or exacerbate epileptiform activity in many

Changes in the Brain Extracellular Matrix Composition in schizophrenia: A Pathophysiological Dysregulation and a Potential Therapeutic Target

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Rodrigues-Amorim ◽  
Tania Rivera-Baltanás ◽  
Patricia Fernández-Palleiro ◽  
Marta Iglesias-Martínez-Almeida ◽  
Luis Freiría-Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Therapeutic Target ◽  
Matrix Composition ◽  
Potential Therapeutic Target ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Brain Extracellular Matrix

scholarly journals Dilation and degradation of the brain extracellular matrix enhances penetration of infused polymer nanoparticles

2007 ◽  
Vol 1180 ◽  
pp. 121-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith B. Neeves ◽  
Andrew J. Sawyer ◽  
Conor P. Foley ◽  
W. Mark Saltzman ◽  
William L. Olbricht
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Polymer Nanoparticles ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Brain Extracellular Matrix
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