extracellular matrix remodeling
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Author(s):  
Elena V. Grakova ◽  
Sergey N. Shilov ◽  
Kristina V. Kopeva ◽  
Ekaterina N. Berezikova ◽  
Anna A. Popova ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (23) ◽  
pp. 12916
Author(s):  
Seohyun Kim ◽  
Seong A. Kim ◽  
Jihoon Han ◽  
In-San Kim

Cancer immunotherapy is fast rising as a prominent new pillar of cancer treatment, harnessing the immune system to fight against numerous types of cancer. Rho-kinase (ROCK) pathway is involved in diverse cellular activities, and is therefore the target of interest in various diseases at the cellular level including cancer. Indeed, ROCK is well-known for its involvement in the tumor cell and tumor microenvironment, especially in its ability to enhance tumor cell progression, migration, metastasis, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Importantly, ROCK is also considered to be a novel and effective modulator of immune cells, although further studies are needed. In this review article, we describe the various activities of ROCK and its potential to be utilized in cancer treatment, particularly in cancer immunotherapy, by shining a light on its activities in the immune system.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masatake Kobayashi ◽  
Maria Betânia Ferreira ◽  
Rita Quelhas Costa ◽  
Tomás Fonseca ◽  
José Carlos Oliveira ◽  
...  

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) increases the risk for abnormalities of the cardiac structure and function, which may lead to heart failure (HF). Studying the association between circulating biomarkers and echocardiographic parameters is important to screen patients with RA with a higher risk of cardiac dysfunction.Aim: To study the association between circulating biomarkers and echocardiographic parameters in patients with RA.Methods: Echocardiography was performed in 355 patients with RA from RA Porto cohort and the associations between echocardiographic characteristics and 94 circulating biomarkers were assessed. These associations were also assessed in the Metabolic Road to Diastolic Heart Failure (MEDIA-DHF) [392 patients with HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF)] and the Suivi Temporaire Annuel Non-Invasif de la Santé des Lorrains Assurés Sociaux (STANISLAS) (1,672 healthy population) cohorts.Results: In the RA Porto cohort, mean age was 58 ± 13 years, 23% were males and mean RA duration was 12 ± 10 years. After adjustment and multiple testing correction, left ventricular mass index (LVMi), left atrial volume index (LAVi), and E/e′ were independently associated with biomarkers reflecting inflammation [i.e., bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9), pentraxin-related protein 3 (PTX3), tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11a (TNFRSF11A)], extracellular matrix remodeling [i.e., placental growth factor (PGF)], congestion [i.e., N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), adrenomedullin (ADM)], and myocardial injury (e.g., troponin). Greater LVMi [hazard ratio (HR) (95% CI) per 1 g/m2 = 1.03 (1.02–1.04), p < 0.001], LAVi [HR (95% CI) per 1 ml/m2 = 1.03 (1.01–1.06), p < 0.001], and E/e′ [HR (95% CI) per 1 = 1.08 (1.04–1.13), p < 0.001] were associated with higher rates of cardiovascular events. These associations were externally replicated in patients with HFpEF and asymptomatic individuals.Conclusion: Circulating biomarkers reflecting inflammation, extracellular matrix remodeling, congestion, and myocardial injury were associated with underlying alterations of cardiac structure and function. Biomarkers might be used for the screening of cardiac alterations in patients with RA.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicoline W. E. van den Berg ◽  
Makiri Kawasaki ◽  
Benedetta Fabrizi ◽  
Fransisca A. Nariswari ◽  
Arianne C. Verduijn ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsing-Fang Tsai ◽  
Yu-Chan Chang ◽  
Chien-Hsiu Li ◽  
Ming-Hsien Chan ◽  
Chi-Long Chen ◽  
...  

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) is a fatal cancer. Existing therapies do not have significant efficacy for GBM patients. Previous studies have shown that the collagen family is involved in the regulation of the extracellular environment of cancer cells, and these conditions could become an important factor for effective treatment. Therefore, we screened various collagen types and observed that the type V collagen α1 chain (COL5A1) gene plays a pivotal role in GBM. We further examined whether the overexpression of COL5A1 is common in mesenchymal subtypes and is related to the survival rate of GBM patients through several in silico cohorts. In addition, our cohort also showed a consistent trend in COL5A1 protein levels. Most importantly, we validated the cell mobility, metastatic ability and actin polymerization status caused by COL5A1 with two-way models. Based on these results, we established a transcriptomics dataset based on COL5A1. Moreover, PPRC1, GK and ESM1 were predicted by ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) to be transcription factors or to participate downstream. We investigated the involvement of COL5A1 in extracellular remodeling and the regulation of actin filaments in the metastasis of GBM. Our results indicate that the COL5A1−PPRC1−ESM1 axis may represent a novel therapeutic target in GBM.


2021 ◽  
pp. canres.1012.2021
Author(s):  
Jozafina Haj-Shomaly ◽  
Avital Vorontsova ◽  
Tamar Barenholz-Cohen ◽  
Oshrat Levi-Galibov ◽  
Mahesh Devarasetty ◽  
...  

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