Fusion of multimodal three-dimensional data for comprehensive digital documentation of cultural heritage sites

Three-dimensional digital technology is important in the maintenance and monitoring of cultural heritage sites. This study focuses on using a combination of terrestrial laser scanning and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry to establish a three-dimensional model and the associated digital documentation of the Magoksa Temple, Republic of Korea. Herein, terrestrial laser scanning and UAV photogrammetry was used to acquire the perpendicular geometry of the buildings and sites, where UAV photogrammetry yielded higher planar data acquisition rate in upper zones, such as the roof of a building, than terrestrial laser scanning. On comparing the two technologies’ accuracy based on their ground control points, laser scanning was observed to provide higher positional accuracy than photogrammetry. The overall discrepancy between the two technologies was found to be sufficient for the generation of convergent data. Thus, the terrestrial laser scanning and UAV photogrammetry data were aligned and merged post conversion into compatible extensions. A three-dimensional (3D) model, with planar and perpendicular geometries, based on the hybrid data-point cloud was developed. This study demonstrates the potential for using the integration of terrestrial laser scanning and UAV photogrammetry in 3D digital documentation and spatial analysis of cultural heritage sites.

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THREE-DIMENSIONAL DIGITAL DOCUMENTATION OF HERITAGE SITES USING TERRESTRIAL LASER SCANNING AND UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE PHOTOGRAMMETRY

ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ◽

10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w5-395-2017 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol XLII-2/W5 ◽

pp. 395-398 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Y. H. Jo ◽

J.Y. Kim

Keyword(s):

Cultural Heritage ◽

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽

Laser Scanning ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Terrestrial Laser Scanning ◽

Heritage Sites ◽

Ground Control Points ◽

Aerial Vehicle ◽

Digital Documentation ◽

Absolute Coordinate System

Three-dimensional digital documentation is an important technique for the maintenance and monitoring of cultural heritage sites. This study focuses on the three-dimensional digital documentation of the Magoksa Temple, Republic of Korea, using a combination of terrestrial laser scanning and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry. Terrestrial laser scanning mostly acquired the vertical geometry of the buildings. In addition, the digital orthoimage produced by UAV photogrammetry had higher horizontal data acquisition rate than that produced by terrestrial laser scanning. Thus, the scanning and UAV photogrammetry were merged by matching 20 corresponding points and an absolute coordinate system was established using seven ground control points. The final, complete threedimensional shape had perfect horizontal and vertical geometries. This study demonstrates the potential of integrating terrestrial laser scanning and UAV photogrammetry for three-dimensional digital documentation. This new technique is expected to contribute to the three-dimensional digital documentation and spatial analysis of cultural heritage sites.

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3D Reconstruction of Cultural Heritage Sites as an Educational Approach. The Sanctuary of Delphi

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11083635 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 3635

Author(s):

Ioannis Liritzis ◽

Pantelis Volonakis ◽

Spyros Vosinakis

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

3D Reconstruction ◽

Cultural Heritage ◽

New Technology ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Computer Gaming ◽

Educational Approach ◽

Heritage Sites ◽

3D Environment ◽

Almost All

In the field of cultural heritage, three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of monuments is a usual activity for many professionals. The aim in this paper focuses on the new technology educational application combining science, history, and archaeology. Being involved in almost all stages of implementation steps and assessing the level of participation, university students use tools of computer gaming platform and participate in ways of planning the virtual environment which improves their education through e-Learning. The virtual 3D environment is made with different imaging methods (helium-filled balloon, Structure for motion, 3D repository models) and a developmental plan has been designed for use in many future applications. Digital tools were used with 3D reconstructed buildings from the museum archive to Unity 3D for the design. The pilot study of Information Technology work has been employed to introduce cultural heritage and archaeology to university syllabuses. It included students with a questionnaire which has been evaluated accordingly. As a result, the university students were inspired to immerse themselves into the virtual lab, aiming to increasing the level of interaction. The results show a satisfactory learning outcome by an easy to use and real 3D environment, a step forward to fill in needs of contemporary online sustainable learning demands.

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THE USE OF LASER SCANNING FOR OBTAINING OF DRAWINGS A ND THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODELS OF CULTURAL HERITAGE SITES

SCIENTIFIC ENQUIRY IN THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD: THEORETICAL BASIСS AND INNOVATIVE APPROACH ◽

10.15350/l_26/8/23 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 328-333

Author(s):

Gura Dmitry ◽

Shevchenko Grittel ◽

Gura Tatyana ◽

Katrich Alexandra

Keyword(s):

Cultural Heritage ◽

Laser Scanning ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Heritage Sites ◽

Dimensional Models ◽

Three Dimensional Models

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Aspectus: A Flexible Collaboration Tool for Multimodal and Multiscalar 3D Data Exploitation

Studies in Digital Heritage ◽

10.14434/sdh.v2i2.24446 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 150-165

Author(s):

Damien Vurpillot ◽

Quentin Verriez ◽

Matthieu Thivet

Keyword(s):

Cultural Heritage ◽

Collaborative Work ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Digital Data ◽

Expert Assessment ◽

Practical Application ◽

Web Based ◽

Heritage Sites ◽

3D Data ◽

Tenfold Increase

High density remote survey technologies have become widespread practices. In recent years, we have seen a tenfold increase in volume of digital data acquired. Beyond this sheer amount of data, multimodal three-dimensional data exploitation has become another common challenge for specialists. The Aspectus project aims to ease the access to complex three-dimensional data and to promote collaborative work and remote expert assessment. Thus, we can get past the problem of distance and availability of the “object of expertise”, ranging from cultural heritage sites to artefacts. By extension, it enables us to circumvent the ever-present problem of destruction. Aspectus takes advantage of available open source solutions to produce a flexible web-based visualization and collaboration tool. After an overview of the theoretical framework and its technical implementation, we will discuss a practical application as part of the “Bibracte Numérique” project.

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Técnicas digitales para el estudio del Patrimonio Defensivo: “Puerta de Almenara” y lienzos sur del Palacio del Gobernador y Plaza de Armas del Castillo de Sagunto (Valencia)

X ◽

10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11387 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Álvaro Sánchez Corrochano ◽

Enrique Martínez Sierra ◽

Alessandro Greco ◽

Daniela Besana

Keyword(s):

Cultural Heritage ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

High Fidelity ◽

Combined Method ◽

Eastern Side ◽

Three Dimensional Modeling ◽

Dimensional Modeling ◽

Geometric Precision ◽

Digital Documentation ◽

Different Cultures

Digital technicals for the study of the Defensive Heritage: “Puerta de Almenara” and south walls of “Palacio del Gobernador” and “Plaza de Armas” of the Castle of Sagunto (Valencia)The use of digital documentation and registration techniques in Cultural Heritage is becoming more common every day, thanks to its ability to capture a large amount of data in a fast and efficient process. Its high geometric precision, thoroughness, performance retrieved and especially the generation of high fidelity and precision of architectural good assets make these tools optimal for the planimetric surveys. The work of intervention or conservation of cultural heritage requires a previous graphic registration using different techniques available. This article presents a combined method of implementation of various digital techniques that allow to achieve the most accurate graphic documentation possible. The different results obtained from the use of photogrammetry by drone or by manual camera are discussed. It is intended to seek the standardization and optimization of the process of documentation and value of the Cultural Heritage by combining these techniques. These techniques have been used in a real case: the three-dimensional modeling of various parts of the defensive set of the Castle of Sagunto (Valencia), called the “Puerta de Almenara”, which gives access to the square of the same name, on the eastern side and some walls of the fortification. The Castle of Sagunto is a mosaic of the different cultures who occupied it (Iberians, Romans, Goths, Arabs...). The fortification is located on top of a hill of the Sierra Calderona, controlling even the Mediterranean coastal road and the communication route with Aragon. During the last years, the castle has been immersed, for almost 20 years, in various works of consolidation and restoration to initiatives of the Institute of Cultural Heritage of Spain.

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Methodology for digital preservation of the cultural and patrimonial heritage: generation of a 3D model of the Church St. Peter and Paul (Calw, Germany) by using laser scanning and digital photogrammetry

Sensor Review ◽

10.1108/sr-06-2017-0106 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 38 (3) ◽

pp. 282-288 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Abdalmenem Owda ◽

José Balsa-Barreiro ◽

Dieter Fritsch

Keyword(s):

Cultural Heritage ◽

Laser Scanning ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Digital Preservation ◽

3D Models ◽

Proper Solution ◽

Historical Buildings ◽

Content Type ◽

Heritage Sites ◽

Photorealistic Models

Purpose Representative cultural heritage sites and monuments around the world have been lost or damaged by natural disasters, human conflicts and daily erosion and deterioration. Documentation and digital preservation by using three-dimensional (3D) modeling techniques enables to ensure the knowledge and access for future generations. Efficient working methods and techniques should be proposed for this purpose. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, a methodology for the generation of 3D photorealistic models of representative historical buildings is introduced, for using data are obtained using terrestrial laser scanning systems and photogrammetry. Findings In this paper, an approach to reconstruct 3D photorealistic models by using laser scanning and photogrammetric data is shown. Combination of data from both sources offers an improved solution for 3D reconstruction of historical buildings, sites and places. Integration of 3D models into virtual globes and/or software applications can ensure digital preservation and knowledge for next generations. Research limitations/implications Results obtained in a concrete building are shown. However, each building or studied area can show some other different drawbacks. Practical implications The study enables to generate 3D and four-dimensional models of most valuable buildings and contribute to the preservation and documentation of the cultural heritage. Social implications The study enables digital documentation and preservation of cultural heritage. Originality/value A proper solution at field (in a real and complicated case) is explained, in addition to the results, which are shown.

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THE GREAT WALL 3D DOCUMENTATION AND APPLICATION BASED ON MULTI-SOURCE DATA FUSION – A CASE STUDY OF NO.15 ENEMY TOWER OF THE NEW GUANGWU GREAT WALL

ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ◽

10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b2-2020-1465-2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol XLIII-B2-2020 ◽

pp. 1465-1470

Author(s):

W. Hua ◽

Y. Qiao ◽

M. Hou

Keyword(s):

Data Fusion ◽

Cultural Heritage ◽

Structure Data ◽

Laser Scanning ◽

3D Structure ◽

Terrestrial Laser Scanning ◽

Heritage Sites ◽

3D Data ◽

Digital Documentation ◽

Great Wall

Abstract. Laser scanning or photogrammetry are useful individual techniques for digital documentation of cultural heritage sites. However, these techniques are of limited usage if cultural heritage such as the Great Wall is in harsh geographical conditions. The Great Wall is usually built on the ridge with cliffs on both sides, so it is very difficult to construct scaffolding. Therefore, the three-dimensional (3D) data obtained from the traditional 3D laser scanning is not complete. As UAV cannot enter the enemy tower, the 3D structure data inside the enemy tower with unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry is missing. In order to explore effective methods to completely collect the 3D data of cultural heritage under harsh geographical environment, this study focuses on establishing a 3D model and the associated digital documentation for the No.15 enemy tower of the New Guangwu Great Wall using a combination of terrestrial laser scanning and UAV photogrammetry. This paper proposes an integrated data collection method and reduces the layout of image control points using RTK-UAV technology, which improved work efficiency and reduced work risks as well. In this paper, the internal structure data of the Great Wall enemy tower was collected by laser scanning, the external structure data was collected by UAV photogrammetry, and data fusion was based on ICP algorithm. Finally, we obtained the complete and high quality 3D digital documentation of the Great Wall enemy tower, the data can be displayed digitally and help heritage experts complete the Great Wall's restoration. This study demonstrates the potential of integrating terrestrial laser scanning and UAV photogrammetry in 3D digital documentation of cultural heritage sites.

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BIM applied in historical building documentation and refurbishing

ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ◽

10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-w7-85-2015 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol XL-5/W7 ◽

pp. 85-90 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

H.-M. Cheng ◽

W.-B. Yang ◽

Y.-N. Yen

Keyword(s):

Cultural Heritage ◽

Laser Scanning ◽

Survey Methods ◽

Laser Scanner ◽

Complex Structures ◽

Digital Information ◽

Historical Building ◽

Heritage Sites ◽

Digital Documentation ◽

Building Conservation

Historical building conservation raises two important issues which are documentation and refurbishing. For the recording and documentation, we already have developed 3d laser scanner and such photogrammetry technology those represent a freeze object of virtual reality by digital documentation. On the other hand, the refurbished engineering of historic building is a challenge for conservation heritage which are not only reconstructing the damage part but also restoring tangible cultural heritage. 3D digital cultural heritage models has become a topic of great interest in recent years. One reason for this is the more widespread use of laser scanning and photogrammetry for recording cultural heritage sites. These technologies have made it possible to efficiently and accurately record complex structures remotely that would not have been possible with previous survey methods. In addition to these developments, digital information systems are evolving for the presentation, analysis and archival of heritage documentation.

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THREE-DIMENSIONAL RECORDING AND PHOTOREALISTIC MODEL RECONSTRUCTION FOR VIRTUAL MUSEUM APPLICATION – AN EXPERIENCE IN MALAYSIA

ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ◽

10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w9-763-2019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol XLII-2/W9 ◽

pp. 763-771

Author(s):

O. C. Wei ◽

Z. Majid ◽

H. Setan ◽

M. F. M. Ariff ◽

K. M. Idris ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cultural Heritage ◽

Laser Scanning ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Tourism Industry ◽

Digital Recording ◽

Virtual Museum ◽

Heritage Sites ◽

Range Type ◽

Laser Scanners ◽

Close Range

Abstract. In recent years, museums are utilizing the ability of virtual reality (VR) technologies to visualize their collections in three-dimensional (3D) environment. The demands for 3D digitization of cultural heritage have increase greatly to facilitate the development of virtual museum. Among the available techniques, the use of laser scanning for digital recording and 3D reproduction of the heritage sites and archaeological artefacts are technically more reliable due to its rapid and high resolution data capture. However, the suitable 3D laser scanners used greatly depend on the level of details and size of an object. This research used medium and close-range type of laser scanners to digitally record the heritage objects. The aim of this research was to develop methodology framework for digital recording and 3D reproduction of archaeological artefact and heritage sites in Malaysia by using terrestrial laser scanning technology. Besides, this research focused on the reconstruction of photorealistic 3D models based on the colour information yield by close-range photogrammetry. The colour descriptions were obtained either by built-in camera or externally integrated camera on the laser scanner. For better colour descriptions, external images were captured by independent Nikon D300s digital camera. The geometric model accuracy of A’Famosa and terracotta Buddha statuette was in 5mm and 0.41mm respectively. 3D flythrough animation was rendered by using the coloured point clouds model. The development of 3D Virtual Walkthrough Museum (3DVWM) utilized the 3D PDF document and SCENE WebShare platform to offer realistic visualization experience to the visitors where the reality-based models could be manipulate in 3D geometric aspects and use of metric analysis. Thus, 3DVWM can facilitate the virtual museum application in Malaysia and enable wider visitors to virtually appreciate the cultural heritage in Malaysia. Thus, this indirectly stimulates the tourism industry in our country.

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