Performance model for high-power lithium titanate oxide batteries based on extended characterization tests

Novel in situ nickel doped 1-D lithium titanate nanofibers (Li4Ti5−xNixO12, where x = 0, 0.05 and 0.1) have been successfully synthesized using a facile electrospinning process.

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A New Concept of Air Cooling and Heat Pipe for Electric Vehicles in Fast Discharging

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14206477 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (20) ◽

pp. 6477

Author(s):

Hamidreza Behi ◽

Theodoros Kalogiannis ◽

Mahesh Suresh Suresh Patil ◽

Joeri Van Mierlo ◽

Maitane Berecibar

Keyword(s):

Natural Convection ◽

Heat Pipe ◽

Electric Vehicles ◽

Lithium Titanate ◽

Air Cooling ◽

Convection Heat ◽

Battery Cell ◽

Acceptable Error ◽

Lithium Titanate Oxide ◽

Maximum Cell

This paper presents the concept of a hybrid thermal management system (TMS) including natural convection, heat pipe, and air cooling assisted heat pipe (ACAH) for electric vehicles. Experimental and numerical tests are described to predict the thermal behavior of a lithium titanate oxide (LTO) battery cell in a fast discharging process (8C rate). Specifications of different cooling techniques are deliberated and compared. The mathematical models are solved by COMSOL Multiphysics® (Stockholm, Sweden), the commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software. The simulation results are validated against experimental data with an acceptable error range. The results specify that the maximum cell temperatures for the cooling systems of natural convection, heat pipe, and ACAH reach 56, 46.3, and 38.3 °C, respectively. We found that the maximum cell temperature experiences a 17.3% and 31% reduction with the heat pipe and ACAH, respectively, compared with natural convection.

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Heat Loss Measurement of Lithium Titanate Oxide Batteries under Fast Charging Conditions by Employing Isothermal Calorimeter

Batteries ◽

10.3390/batteries4040059 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 59 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Seyed Madani ◽

Erik Schaltz ◽

Søren Knudsen Kær

Keyword(s):

Lithium Ion Batteries ◽

Heat Loss ◽

Lithium Ion ◽

Lithium Titanate ◽

Constant Current ◽

Maximum Temperature ◽

Battery Cell ◽

Lithium Titanate Oxide ◽

Temperature Efficiency ◽

Constant Current Charge

To understand better the thermal behaviour of lithium-ion batteries under different working conditions, various experiments were applied to a 13 Ah Altairnano lithium titanate oxide battery cell by means of isothermal battery calorimeter. Several parameters were measured such as the battery surface temperature, voltage, current, power, heat flux, maximum temperature and power area. In addition, the efficiency was calculated. Isothermal battery calorimeter was selected as the most appropriate method for heat loss measurements. Temperatures on the surface of the battery were measured by employing four contact thermocouples (type K). In order to determine the heat loss of the battery, constant current charge and discharge pulses at sixteen different C-rates were applied to the battery. It was seen that the charge and discharge C-rates has a considerable influence on the thermal behaviours of lithium-ion batteries. In this research paper, the C-rate was linked to the peak temperature, efficiency and heat loss and it was concluded that they are linear dependent on the C-rate. In addition, the outcomes of this investigation can be used for battery thermal modelling and design of thermal management systems.

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