Network design rules of communication systems at train stations based on intensive measurement campaigns

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Guan ◽  
Zhangdui Zhong ◽  
Bo Ai ◽  
Thomas Kuurner
Keyword(s):  
Network Design ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Design Rules ◽  
Measurement Campaigns

The Information Theoretic Perspective on Context Aware Network Design

2012 ◽  
Vol 433-440 ◽  
pp. 5073-5077
Author(s):  
Jing Yao Wang ◽  
Meng Jia Li ◽  
Mei Song ◽  
Ying Hai Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Information Theory ◽  
Network Design ◽  
Information Entropy ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Context Aware ◽  
Information Theoretic ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Relationship

Information theory has made great impact on the research of communication systems. However, analyze and design of networks has not benefited too much from information theory. Therefore, in this paper, we propose the information-theoretical framework of context aware network to explore the relationship between the information and the network performance. We also analyze the information traffic process in context aware network. To illustrate our approach, we analyze the architecture of context aware network by the information entropy produced in the network, and discuss the way to improve the performance of context aware in an information-theoretic perspective. The results in this paper may be also used to design other network and guide the future network design.

scholarly journals Turing patterns are common but not robust

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie S. Scholes ◽  
David Schnoerr ◽  
Mark Isalan ◽  
Michael P. H. Stumpf
Keyword(s):  
Network Design ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Design Space ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Turing Patterns ◽  
Design Rules ◽  
Parameter Ranges ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Turing Systems

Turing patterns (TPs) underlie many fundamental developmental processes, but they operate over narrow parameter ranges, raising the conundrum of how evolution can ever discover them. Here we explore TP design space to address this question and to distill design rules. We exhaustively analyze 2- and 3-node biological candidate Turing systems: crucially, network structure alone neither determines nor guarantees emergent TPs. A surprisingly large fraction (>60%) of network design space can produce TPs, but these are sensitive to even subtle changes in parameters, network structure and regulatory mechanisms. This implies that TP networks are more common than previously thought, and evolution might regularly encounter prototypic solutions. Importantly, we deduce compositional rules for TP systems that are almost necessary and sufficient (≈96% of TP networks contain them, and ≈95% of networks implementing them produce TPs). This comprehensive network atlas provides the blueprints for identifying natural TPs, and for engineering synthetic systems.

Plant peptide hormone signalling

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 115-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayane Motomitsu ◽  
Shinichiro Sawa ◽  
Takashi Ishida
Keyword(s):  
Communication Systems ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Peptide Hormone ◽  
Peptide Hormones ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Signalling Molecules ◽  
Receptor Complexes ◽  
Environmental Responses ◽  
Plant Life Cycle ◽  
Multicellular Organisms

The ligand–receptor-based cell-to-cell communication system is one of the most important molecular bases for the establishment of complex multicellular organisms. Plants have evolved highly complex intercellular communication systems. Historical studies have identified several molecules, designated phytohormones, that function in these processes. Recent advances in molecular biological analyses have identified phytohormone receptors and signalling mediators, and have led to the discovery of numerous peptide-based signalling molecules. Subsequent analyses have revealed the involvement in and contribution of these peptides to multiple aspects of the plant life cycle, including development and environmental responses, similar to the functions of canonical phytohormones. On the basis of this knowledge, the view that these peptide hormones are pivotal regulators in plants is becoming increasingly accepted. Peptide hormones are transcribed from the genome and translated into peptides. However, these peptides generally undergo further post-translational modifications to enable them to exert their function. Peptide hormones are expressed in and secreted from specific cells or tissues. Apoplastic peptides are perceived by specialized receptors that are located at the surface of target cells. Peptide hormone–receptor complexes activate intracellular signalling through downstream molecules, including kinases and transcription factors, which then trigger cellular events. In this chapter we provide a comprehensive summary of the biological functions of peptide hormones, focusing on how they mature and the ways in which they modulate plant functions.

Instruction Using Augmentative and Alternative Communication Supports: Description of Current Practices by Speech-Language Pathologists Who Work With Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 586-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaitlyn A. Clarke ◽  
Diane L. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Diagnostic Category ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Alternative Communication ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Processing Differences

Purpose The aim of this research study was to examine common practices of speech-language pathologists (SLPs) who work with children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with respect to whether or not SLPs consider processing differences in ASD or the effects of input during their instruction. Method Following a qualitative research method, how SLPs instruct and present augmentative and alternative communication systems to individuals with ASD, their rationale for method selection, and their perception of the efficacy of selected interventions were probed. Semistructured interviews were conducted as part of an in-depth case report with content analysis. Results Based on completed interviews, 4 primary themes were identified: (a) instructional method , (b) input provided , (c) decision-making process , and (d) perceived efficacy of treatment . Additionally, one secondary theme, training and education received , was identified . Conclusions Clinicians reported making decisions based on the needs of the child; however, they also reported making decisions based on the diagnostic category that characterized the child (i.e., ASD). The use of modeling when teaching augmentative and alternative communication to individuals with ASD emerged as a theme, but variations in the method of modeling were noted. SLPs did not report regularly considering processing differences in ASD, nor did they consider the effects of input during instruction.

Thoughts on Grammar Intervention in AAC

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Fey
Keyword(s):  
Language Impairment ◽  
Specific Language Impairment ◽  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Alternative Communication ◽  
Physical Limitations ◽  
Communication Needs ◽  
Communication Interventions ◽  
Planning Intervention

Abstract In this article, I propose that, for several reasons, grammar should be an early focus of communication interventions for young children using augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) systems. The basic goals for such programs should be to facilitate the child's comprehension of the language of the community, or the target language, thus leading the way to literacy, and to foster the child's use of symbol combinations that mirror the grammatical patterns of speaking children acquiring the target language, even if they cannot be fully grammatically complete. I introduce five principles that underlie most successful approaches to grammar interventions with children with specific language impairment. My initial attempts to apply these principles to interventions with children with complex communication needs indicate that they may be of considerable value to clinicians planning intervention programs. On the other hand, the challenges posed by the intellectual and physical limitations of many AAC users and their communication systems make it necessary to modify at least Principle 5 if the basic goals of intervention are to be met.

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