Classification of pulmonary nodules on computed tomography scans. Evaluation of the effectiveness of application of textural features extracted using wavelet transform of image

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Sergeeva ◽  
Igor Ryabchikov ◽  
Mark Glaznev ◽  
Natalia Gusarova
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Wavelet Transform ◽  
Pulmonary Nodules ◽  
Textural Features ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans

scholarly journals Repair of Orbital Floor Fractures: Our Experience and New Technical Findings

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 217-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pasquale Piombino ◽  
Giorgio Iaconetta ◽  
Roberto Ciccarelli ◽  
Antonio Romeo ◽  
Alessia Spinzia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Orbital Floor ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Orbital Floor Fractures ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Resorbable Materials ◽  
Preoperative Examination

We report our experience with the repair of the orbital floor fractures and present new technical findings. We evaluated 30 subjects with pure blowout fractures treated at the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery of the Federico II University of Naples, Italy, between 2005 and 2007. A preoperative examination by computed tomography scans provided classification of the orbital floor fractures into small and large fractures by measurement of the bone defect to choose the appropriate reconstructive implant materials, resorbable or nonresorbable. The clinical follow-up has been performed at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months. We observed a resolution of preoperative symptoms. The scar was not evident, and there was an absence of postoperative complications. We concluded that the use of resorbable materials for small orbital floor fractures and nonresorbable materials for large orbital floor fractures offers satisfactory results in both functional and aesthetic considerations. Furthermore, the new technical findings allow standardization of the surgical technique to be more accurate, also reducing the economic costs.

scholarly journals Diagnosis and outcome of resected solitary pulmonary nodules after liver transplantation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mari Tone ◽  
Nobuyasu Awano ◽  
Takehiro Izumo ◽  
Hanako Yoshimura ◽  
Tatsunori Jo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Lung Resection ◽  
Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis ◽  
Primary Lung Cancer ◽  
Pulmonary Nodules ◽  
Solitary Pulmonary Nodules ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans

Abstract Objective Solitary pulmonary nodules after liver transplantation are challenging clinical problems. Herein, we report the causes and clinical courses of resected solitary pulmonary nodules in patients who underwent liver transplantation. Methods We retrospectively obtained medical records of 68 patients who underwent liver transplantation between March 2009 and June 2016. This study mainly focused on patients with solitary pulmonary nodules observed on computed tomography scans during follow-ups that were conducted until their deaths or February 2019. Results Computed tomography scans revealed solitary pulmonary nodules in 7 of the 68 patients. Definitive diagnoses were obtained using video-assisted lung resection in all seven patients. None experienced major postoperative complications. The final pathologic diagnoses were primary lung cancer in three patients, pulmonary metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma in one patient, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in one patient, post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder in one patient, and hemorrhagic infarction in one patient. The three patients with lung cancer were subsequently treated with standard curative resection. Conclusions Solitary pulmonary nodules present in several serious but potentially curable diseases, such as early-stage lung cancer. Patients who present with solitary pulmonary nodules after liver transplantation should be evaluated by standard diagnostic procedures, including surgical biopsy if necessary.

scholarly journals Indeterminate Pulmonary Nodules at Diagnosis in Rhabdomyosarcoma: Are They Clinically Significant? A Report From the European Paediatric Soft Tissue Sarcoma Study Group

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 723-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bas Vaarwerk ◽  
Gianni Bisogno ◽  
Kieran McHugh ◽  
Hervé J. Brisse ◽  
Carlo Morosi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcoma ◽  
Pulmonary Nodules ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Event Free Survival ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Chest Computed Tomography ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans

Purpose To evaluate the clinical significance of indeterminate pulmonary nodules at diagnosis (defined as ≤ 4 pulmonary nodules < 5 mm or 1 nodule measuring ≥ 5 and < 10 mm) in patients with pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). Patients and Methods We selected patients with supposed nonmetastatic RMS treated in large pediatric oncology centers in the United Kingdom, France, Italy, and the Netherlands, who were enrolled in the European Soft Tissue Sarcoma Study Group (E pSSG) RMS 2005 study. Patients included in the current study received a diagnosis between September 2005 and December 2013, and had chest computed tomography scans available for review that were done at time of diagnosis. Local radiologists were asked to review the chest computed tomography scans for the presence of pulmonary nodules and to record their findings on a standardized case report form. In the E pSSG RMS 2005 Study, patients with indeterminate pulmonary nodules were treated identically to patients without pulmonary nodules, enabling us to compare event-free survival and overall survival between groups by log-rank test. Results In total, 316 patients were included; 67 patients (21.2%) had indeterminate pulmonary nodules on imaging and 249 patients (78.8%) had no pulmonary nodules evident at diagnosis. Median follow-up for survivors (n = 258) was 75.1 months; respective 5-year event-free survival and overall survival rates (95% CI) were 77.0% (64.8% to 85.5%) and 82.0% (69.7% to 89.6%) for patients with indeterminate nodules and 73.2% (67.1% to 78.3%) and 80.8% (75.1% to 85.3%) for patients without nodules at diagnosis ( P = .68 and .76, respectively). Conclusion Our study demonstrated that indeterminate pulmonary nodules at diagnosis do not affect outcome in patients with otherwise localized RMS. There is no need to biopsy or upstage patients with RMS who have indeterminate pulmonary nodules at diagnosis.

Feature Selection Based on Gaussian Mixture Model Clustering for the Classification of Pulmonary Nodules Based on Computed Tomography

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1033-1039
Author(s):  
Huihong Duan ◽  
Xu Wang ◽  
Xingyi He ◽  
Yonggang He ◽  
Litao Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Feature Selection ◽  
Gaussian Mixture Model ◽  
Mixture Model ◽  
Pulmonary Nodules ◽  
Gaussian Mixture ◽  
Local Optimum ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Diagnosis

Background: In the pulmonary nodules computer aided diagnosis systems (CAD), feature selection plays an important role in reducing the false positive rate and improving the system accuracy. To solve the problem of feature selection techniques by which the diversity of features was damaged in the process of distinguishing malignant pulmonary nodules from benign pulmonary nodules, this study developed a novel feature selection algorithm for improving the accuracy of traditional computer-aided differential diagnosis for benign and malignant classification of pulmonary nodules. Method: Firstly, we divided the extracted features of nodules into several groups by using Gaussian mixture model (GMM). Secondly, we applied Relief and sequential forward selection (SFS) algorithm to find local optimum features dataset for each group. Afterwards, we used the optimumpath forest (OPF) classifier with the found features dataset to obtain the classification results. Finally, the local optimum features dataset with the highest area under curve AUC in all groups were added into the final selected set. Results: According to collected pulmonary nodules on computed tomography (CT) scans, tested with two set of samples, we achieved an average accuracy of 89.5%, sensitivity of 87.1% and specificity of 90.9% on the first set of samples, and 90.1%, 88.7% and 92.1% on the second set of samples. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves based on these two sample sets were 95.2%, and 96.3% respectively. Conclusions: This study shows that the proposed method was promising for improving the pulmonary nodules computer aided diagnosis systems performance of benign and malignant pulmonary nodules.

scholarly journals A Pilot Study to Estimate the Impact of High Matrix Image Reconstruction on Chest Computed Tomography

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Akitoshi Inoue ◽  
Tucker F. Johnson ◽  
Benjamin A. Voss ◽  
Yong S. Lee ◽  
Shuai Leng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Image Reconstruction ◽  
Pulmonary Nodules ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Chest Computed Tomography ◽  
Matrix Image ◽  
High Matrix ◽  
The Impact

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to estimate the impact of high matrix image reconstruction on chest computed tomography (CT) compared to standard image reconstruction. Material and Methods: This retrospective study included patients with interstitial or parenchymal lung disease, airway disease, and pulmonary nodules who underwent chest CT. Chest CT images were reconstructed using high matrix (1024 × 1024) or standard matrix (512 × 512), with all other parameters matched. Two radiologists, blinded to reconstruction technique, independently examined each lung, viewing image sets side by side and rating the conspicuity of imaging findings using a 5-point relative conspicuity scale. The presence of pulmonary nodules and confidence in classification of internal attenuation was also graded. Overall image quality and subjective noise/artifacts were assessed. Results: Thirty-four patients with 68 lungs were evaluated. Relative conspicuity scores were significantly higher using high matrix image reconstruction for all imaging findings indicative of idiopathic lung fibrosis (peripheral airway visualization, interlobular septal thickening, intralobular reticular opacity, and end-stage fibrotic change; P ≤ 0.001) along with emphysema, mosaic attenuation, and fourth order bronchi for both readers (P ≤ 0.001). High matrix reconstruction did not improve confidence in the presence or classification of internal nodule attenuation for either reader. Overall image quality was increased but not subjective noise/artifacts with high matrix image reconstruction for both readers (P < 0.001). Conclusion: High matrix image reconstruction significantly improves the conspicuity of imaging findings reflecting interstitial lung disease and may be useful for diagnosis or treatment response assessment.

Computed tomography improves intra-observer reliability, but not the inter-observer reliability of the Eaton–Glickel classification

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. B. Hansen ◽  
O. G. Sørensen ◽  
L. Kirkeby ◽  
M. Homilius ◽  
A. L. Amstrup
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Degenerative Changes ◽  
Bone Cysts ◽  
Trapeziometacarpal Joint ◽  
Plain Radiographs ◽  
Observer Reliability ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Trapeziometacarpal Joint Osteoarthritis ◽  
The Mean

This study aimed to evaluate whether computed tomography improves the intra- and inter-observer reliability of the Eaton–Glickel classification of trapeziometacarpal joint osteoarthritis. The osteoarthritis of the trapeziometacarpal joint was evaluated with conventional radiographs and computed tomography by two hand surgeons, two registrars and one radiologist in 50 hands of 43 patients (12 male and 31 female) who had a median age of 60 years (46–80). Using plain radiographs, we found a mean intra-observer reliability of 0.54 (0.51–0.74), and the intra-observer reliability was improved to 0.76 (0.64–0.86) using computed tomography. Using plain radiographs, the mean inter-observer reliability was poor at 0.17 (0.04–0.51) and did not improve using computed tomography with a mean inter-observer reliability of 0.22 (0.02–0.38). In particular, the agreement in the distinction between Eaton–Glickel stage III and IV and the evaluation of the degenerative changes in the scaphotrapezio joint was low using computed tomography-scans. The detection of bone cysts on computed tomography was more precise than on plain radiographs.

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