A Study on Digital Watermarks for Audio Signals Using Phase of Frequency Signals in Addition to the Other Methods

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kako Takahashi ◽  
Takeru Miyazaki ◽  
Shunsuke Araki ◽  
Satoshi Uehara ◽  
Yasuyuki Nogami
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Audio Signals ◽  
Digital Watermarks

scholarly journals Video mosaic watermarking using plasma key

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 619
Author(s):  
Nidaa Flaih Hassan ◽  
Akbas Ezaldeen Ali ◽  
Teaba Wala Aldeen ◽  
Ayad Al-Adhami
Keyword(s):  
Gaussian Noise ◽  
Copyright Protection ◽  
Host Location ◽  
Video Quality ◽  
Video Watermarking ◽  
The Other ◽  
Video Content ◽  
Degree Of Protection ◽  
Digital Watermarks ◽  
The Many

Video watermarking is one of the most widespread techniques amongst the many watermarking techniques presently are used; this is because the extreme existences of copyright abuse and misappropriation occur for video content. In this paper, a new watermarking algorithm is proposed to embed logo in digital video for copyright protection. To make the watermarks more robust to attack, host frame and host embedding indices must be changeable. A new algorithm is proposed to determined host frames by plasma function, Host location indices in frames are also determined by another plasma function. Logo is divided using the mosaic principle, the size of mosaic blocks is determined initially according to the degree of protection, whenever the size of mosaic blocks is small, it leads to safe embedding, and vice versa. Digital watermarks are embedded easily without any degradation for video quality, In the other side, the watermarked is retrieved by applying the reverse of proposed embedding algorithm and extracted watermark is still recognizable. The experimental results confirm that watermark is robust against three types of attacks which are addition of Gaussian noise, JPEG compression, and rotation process.

Synthetic Soundscapes with Natural Grains

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reynald Hoskinson ◽  
Dinesh K Pai
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Environments ◽  
Automatic Segmentation ◽  
Source Material ◽  
The Other ◽  
Original Signal ◽  
Audio Signals ◽  
Continuous Stream ◽  
Online Experimentation ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Audio Streams

We present a technique to facilitate the creation of constantly changing, randomized audio streams from samples of source material. A core motivation is to make it easier to quickly create soundscapes for virtual environments and other scenarios where long streams of audio are used. While mostly in the background, these streams are vital for the creation of mood and realism in these types of applications. Our approach is to extract the component parts of sampled audio signals, and use them to resynthesize a continuous audio stream of indeterminate length. An automatic segmentation algorithm involving wavelets is used to split the input signal into syllable-like audio segments that we call “natural grains.” For each grain, a table of similarity between it and all the other grains is constructed. The grains are then output in a continuous stream, with the next grain being chosen from among those other grains which best follow from it. Using this sampling-resynthesis technique, we can construct an infinite number of variations on the original signal with a minimum amount of interaction. An interface for the manipulation and playback of several of these streams is provided to facilitate building complex audio environments, and is made available for online experimentation at www.cs.ubc.ca/labs/lci/naturalgrains/ .

scholarly journals On a Key-Based Secured Audio Data-Hiding Scheme Robust to Volumetric Attack with Entropy-Based Embedding

Entropy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 996
Author(s):  
Jose Juan Garcia-Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Data Hiding ◽  
Bit Error Rate ◽  
Error Rate ◽  
Special Interest ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The Other ◽  
Audio Signals ◽  
Dct Domain ◽  
Audio Data ◽  
Dct Coefficients

In the data-hiding field, it is mandatory that proposed schemes are key-secured as required by the Kerckhoff’s principle. Moreover, perceptual transparency must be guaranteed. On the other hand, volumetric attack is of special interest in audio data-hiding systems. This study proposes a data-hiding scheme for audio signals, which is both key-based secured and highly perceptually transparent and, thus, robust to the volumetric attack. A modification to a state-of-the-art data-hiding algorithm is proposed to achieve key-based security. Embedding is carried out in the integer discrete cosine transform (DCT) domain; selected samples for embedding are determined by the entropy of the Integer DCT coefficients. Of the two key-based improvements proposed, the multiplicative strategy gives better results, guaranteeing the worst bit error rate when an incorrect key is used. Additionally, the perceptual transparency of the proposed scheme is higher, compared to the state-of-the-art schemes using similar embedding strategies.

scholarly journals Overlapped Music segmentation using a new Effective Feature and Random Forests

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Duraid Mohammed ◽  
Khamis A. Al-Karawi ◽  
Philip Duncan ◽  
Francis F. Li
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Random Forests ◽  
Real World ◽  
The Other ◽  
Audio Classification ◽  
Audio Signals ◽  
Abrupt Changes ◽  
Audio Indexing ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

<div><p>In the field of audio classification, audio signals may be broadly divided into three classes: speech, music and events. Most studies, however, neglect that real audio soundtracks can have any combination of these classes simultaneously. In this study, a novel feature, “Entrocy”, is proposed for the detection of music both in pure form and overlapping with the other audio classes. Entrocy is defined as the variation of the information (or entropy) in an audio segment over time. Segments which contain music were found to have lower Entrocy since there are fewer abrupt changes over time.</p></div><p class="Abstract">We have also compared Entrocy with existing music detection features and the entrocy showing a promising performance.</p><p class="IndexTerms"><a name="PointTmp"></a><em>Keywords</em>—Music detection, audio content analysis, audio indexing, Entropy, real world audio classification.</p>

Stromatoporoids from the Famennian (Devonian) Wabamun Formation, Normandville oilfield, north–central Alberta, Canada

1988 ◽  
Vol 62 (03) ◽  
pp. 411-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin W. Stearn
Keyword(s):  
Patch Reef ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
North Central ◽  
Biotic Crisis

Stromatoporoids are the principal framebuilding organisms in the patch reef that is part of the reservoir of the Normandville field. The reef is 10 m thick and 1.5 km2in area and demonstrates that stromatoporoids retained their ability to build reefal edifices into Famennian time despite the biotic crisis at the close of Frasnian time. The fauna is dominated by labechiids but includes three non-labechiid species. The most abundant species isStylostroma sinense(Dong) butLabechia palliseriStearn is also common. Both these species are highly variable and are described in terms of multiple phases that occur in a single skeleton. The other species described areClathrostromacf.C. jukkenseYavorsky,Gerronostromasp. (a columnar species), andStromatoporasp. The fauna belongs in Famennian/Strunian assemblage 2 as defined by Stearn et al. (1988).

D. The Line Spectrum of Pulsating Variable Stars

1967 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 207-244
Author(s):  
R. P. Kraft
Keyword(s):  
Variable Stars ◽  
The Other ◽  
Line Spectrum ◽  
Afternoon Session ◽  
Empirical Information ◽  
Pulsating Variable Stars ◽  
Almost Continuous ◽  
Informal Approach

(Ed. note:Encouraged by the success of the more informal approach in Christy's presentation, we tried an even more extreme experiment in this session, I-D. In essence, Kraft held the floor continuously all morning, and for the hour and a half afternoon session, serving as a combined Summary-Introductory speaker and a marathon-moderator of a running discussion on the line spectrum of cepheids. There was almost continuous interruption of his presentation; and most points raised from the floor were followed through in detail, no matter how digressive to the main presentation. This approach turned out to be much too extreme. It is wearing on the speaker, and the other members of the symposium feel more like an audience and less like participants in a dissective discussion. Because Kraft presented a compendious collection of empirical information, and, based on it, an exceedingly novel series of suggestions on the cepheid problem, these defects were probably aggravated by the first and alleviated by the second. I am much indebted to Kraft for working with me on a preliminary editing, to try to delete the side-excursions and to retain coherence about the main points. As usual, however, all responsibility for defects in final editing is wholly my own.)

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