Music Symbol Sequence Indexing in Medieval Plainchant Manuscripts

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Calvo-Zaragoza ◽  
Alejandro H. Toselli ◽  
Enrique Vidal ◽  
Joan Andreu Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Symbol Sequence ◽  
Music Symbol

Pengantar dan Survey Tentang Optical Music Recognition

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
Kevin Purwito
Keyword(s):  
Character Recognition ◽  
Optical Character Recognition ◽  
Optical Music Recognition ◽  
Optical Character ◽  
Digital Format ◽  
Music Recognition ◽  
Index Terms ◽  
The Many ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Music Symbol

This paper describes about one of the many extension of Optical Character Recognition (OCR), that is Optical Music Recognition (OMR). OMR is used to recognize musical sheets into digital format, such as MIDI or MusicXML. There are many musical symbols that usually used in musical sheets and therefore needs to be recognized by OMR, such as staff; treble, bass, alto and tenor clef; sharp, flat and natural; beams, staccato, staccatissimo, dynamic, tenuto, marcato, stopped note, harmonic and fermata; notes; rests; ties and slurs; and also mordent and turn. OMR usually has four main processes, namely Preprocessing, Music Symbol Recognition, Musical Notation Reconstruction and Final Representation Construction. Each of those four main processes uses different methods and algorithms and each of those processes still needs further development and research. There are already many application that uses OMR to date, but none gives the perfect result. Therefore, besides the development and research for each OMR process, there is also a need to a development and research for combined recognizer, that combines the results from different OMR application to increase the final result’s accuracy. Index Terms—Music, optical character recognition, optical music recognition, musical symbol, image processing, combined recognizer  

scholarly journals Analysis of Low Probability of Detection Capability for Chaotic Standard Map-Based FH-OFDMA System

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2198
Author(s):  
Junwoo Jung ◽  
Jaesung Lim ◽  
Sungyeol Park ◽  
Haengik Kang ◽  
Seungbok Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Detection Probability ◽  
Probability Of Detection ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
Symbol Sequence ◽  
Ofdma System ◽  
Standard Map ◽  
Detection Probabilities ◽  
Low Probability ◽  
Transmitted Symbol ◽  
Basic Symbol

A frequency hopping orthogonal frequency division multiple access (FH-OFDMA) can provide low probability of detection (LPD) and anti-jamming capabilities to users against adversary detectors. To obtain an extreme LPD capability that cannot be provided by the basic symbol-by-symbol (SBS)-based FH pattern, we proposed two FH patterns, namely chaotic standard map (CSM) and cat map for FH-OFDMA systems. In our previous work, through analysis of complexity to regenerate the transmitted symbol sequence, at the point of adversary detectors, we found that the CSM had a lower probability of intercept than the cat map and SBS. It is possible when a detector already knows symbol and frame structures, and the detector has been synchronized to the FH-OFDMA system. Unlike the previous work, here, we analyze whether the CSM provides greater LPD capability than the cat map and SBS by detection probability using spectrum sensing technique. We analyze the detection probability of the CSM and provide detection probabilities of the cat map and SBS compared to the CSM. Based on our analysis of the detection probability and numerical results, it is evident that the CSM provides greater LPD capability than both the cat map and SBS-based FH-OFDMA systems.

Memory and Hypothesis in Solving Alternation Problems with Random Competition

1963 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 783-797
Author(s):  
Eugene Linker ◽  
Bruce M. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Sequence Classification ◽  
Single Alternation ◽  
Symbol Sequence ◽  
Double Alternation ◽  
Symbol Sequences ◽  
The Way

Three experiments are described dealing with solution attempts for single, double, and quadruple alternations in one or two of three possible symbol-sequence classification dimensions. Results showed that alternation length did not alter solution difficulty. The conclusion is formulated that the way in which Ss tackled alternation problems could not lead to solutions on the basis of “reading off” from memory or learning on an incremental basis. Therefore the concept of an hypothesis must be brought in to account for Ss with incomplete evidence often obtaining successful solutions and yet not differing in problem-solving approach from nonsolvers. There is also some indication that single alternation may be easier than double alternation when coding of symbol sequences is most straightforward, but there is no indication of any circumstances that favor double over quadruple alternation.

scholarly journals Music Symbol Recognition of Printed Piano Scores with Touching Symbols

2010 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 1267-1272
Author(s):  
Fubito Toyama ◽  
Kenji Shoji ◽  
Juichi Miyamichi
Keyword(s):  
Symbol Recognition ◽  
Music Symbol
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