A Novel Fundamental Frequency Modulation Strategy for Cascaded Multilevel STATCOM with Non-sinusoidal Load Currents

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timur R. Khramshin ◽  
Ildar R. Abdulveleev ◽  
Gennady P. Kornilov ◽  
Alexander S. Maklakov
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Frequency Modulation ◽  
Sinusoidal Load

Terompong Basic Tone Synthesis with Frequency Modulation Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 429
Author(s):  
I Gede Erwin Winata Pratama ◽  
Luh Arida Ayu Rahning Putri
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Frequency Modulation ◽  
Musical Instrument ◽  
Sound Synthesis ◽  
Modulation Method ◽  
The Difference

Terompong is a type of gamelan in Bali Province. This gamelan is commonly used in traditional ceremonies in Bali, especially the Dewa Yadnya and Pitra Yadnya. The terompong are striking instruments, where the bat is made of wood. The terompong is also a two-octave musical instrument composed of 10-12 small metal gong blocks. The gong blocks are arranged parallel, which makes the gong difficult to carry and has to stay somewhere if someone want to play. Of course, with this situation people find it difficult to learn the terompong because they are quite large and heavy. This problem could be solved by replace the original terompong with synthetic terompong. The synthesis referred here the synthesis of sound. In performing sound synthesis, the method used is Frequency Modulation (FM). The result of the synthesis carried out where the difference between fundamental frequency of the original tone and the synthesis tone is almost close to zero. The sound produced almost follows the original sound, but it can't follow the sound of metal being hit with a wooden club.

Visuomotor Tracking Ability of Young Adult Speakers

1993 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 672-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerald B. Moon ◽  
Patricia Zebrowski ◽  
Donald A. Robin ◽  
John W. Folkins
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Frequency Modulation ◽  
Response Mode ◽  
Tracking Accuracy ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Visuomotor Tracking ◽  
Tracking Tasks ◽  
Tracking Ability ◽  
Mode Tracking

This study was conducted to (a) study the ability of young adult subjects to track target signals with the lower lip, jaw, or larynx, (b) examine subjects’ abilities to track different sinusoidal frequencies and unpredictable target signals, and (c) test notions of response mode and predictive mode tracking reported for nonspeech structures by previous authors (e.g., Noble, Fitts, & Warren, 1955; Flowers, 1978). Twenty-five normal speakers tracked sinusoidal and unpredictable target signals using lower lip and jaw movement and fundamental frequency modulation. Tracking accuracy varied as a function of target frequency and articulator used to track. The results quantify the visuomotor tracking abilities of normal speakers using speech musculature and show the potential of visuomotor tracking tasks in the assessment of speech articulatory control.

Perception of a Sung Vowel as a Function of Frequency-Modulation Rate and Excursion in Listeners With Normal Hearing and Hearing Impairment

2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 1961-1971
Author(s):  
Marianna Vatti ◽  
Sébastien Santurette ◽  
Niels Henrik Pontoppidan ◽  
Torsten Dau
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Frequency Modulation ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Musical Experience ◽  
Singing Voice ◽  
Modulation Rate ◽  
Frequency Changes

Purpose Frequency fluctuations in human voices can usually be described as coherent frequency modulation (FM). As listeners with hearing impairment (HI listeners) are typically less sensitive to FM than listeners with normal hearing (NH listeners), this study investigated whether hearing loss affects the perception of a sung vowel based on FM cues. Method Vibrato maps were obtained in 14 NH and 12 HI listeners with different degrees of musical experience. The FM rate and FM excursion of a synthesized vowel, to which coherent FM was applied, were adjusted until a singing voice emerged. Results In NH listeners, adding FM to the steady vowel components produced perception of a singing voice for FM rates between 4.1 and 7.5 Hz and FM excursions between 17 and 83 cents on average. In contrast, HI listeners showed substantially broader vibrato maps. Individual differences in map boundaries were, overall, not correlated with audibility or frequency selectivity at the vowel fundamental frequency, with no clear effect of musical experience. Conclusion Overall, it was shown that hearing loss affects the perception of a sung vowel based on FM-rate and FM-excursion cues, possibly due to deficits in FM detection or discrimination or to a degraded ability to follow the rate of frequency changes.

scholarly journals Low-Cost Monitoring of Synchrophasors Using Frequency Modulation

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Robson ◽  
Gan Tan ◽  
Abderrahmane Haddad
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Frequency Modulation ◽  
Experimental Analysis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Power Line ◽  
Central Point ◽  
New Method ◽  
Communication Media ◽  
Fm Signals

A new, low-cost method of simultaneously measuring and communicating voltage and current on distribution networks is presented. Based on Frequency Modulation (FM) of the measured fundamental frequency (and harmonics), followed by immediate re-injection of the modulated waveform back into the network, the proposed method can be implemented using inexpensive and readily available electronics. Furthermore, the method does not require a separate communication media, but instead uses the power line itself to propagate the FM signals back to a central point. EMTP-ATP simulations on a mixed LV/MV network are performed and experimental analysis demonstrates the practicality and robustness of the new method. The low-cost of the method would suit deployment on parts of the network which are otherwise overlooked for monitoring.

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