An XML-based range variation approach to render the coldness in Iowa, a North Central region, United States

Abstract Stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) are an increasing threat to soybean (Fabales: Fabaceae) production in the North Central Region of the United States, which accounts for 80% of the country’s total soybean production. Characterization of the stink bug community is essential for development of management programs for these pests. However, the composition of the stink bug community in the region is not well defined. This study aimed to address this gap with a 2-yr, 9-state survey. Specifically, we characterized the relative abundance, richness, and diversity of taxa in this community, and assessed phenological differences in abundance of herbivorous and predatory stink bugs. Overall, the stink bug community was dominated by Euschistus spp. (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) and Chinavia hilaris (Say) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Euschistus variolarius (Palisot de Beauvois) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), C. hilaris and Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) were more abundant in the northwestern, southeastern and eastern parts, respectively, of the North Central Region of the United States. Economically significant infestations of herbivorous species occurred in fields in southern parts of the region. Species richness differed across states, while diversity was the same across the region. Herbivorous and predatory species were more abundant during later soybean growth stages. Our results represent the first regional characterization of the stink bug community in soybean fields and will be fundamental for the development of state- and region-specific management programs for these pests in the North Central Region of the United States.

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Adoption of Conservation Production Systems Within the North Central Region of the United States

10.13031/2013.4823 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Ted L. Napier

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Central Region ◽

Production Systems ◽

The United States ◽

North Central Region ◽

North Central ◽

The North

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Interannual variability of crop residue potential in the north central region of the United States

Biomass and Bioenergy ◽

10.1016/j.biombioe.2012.12.018 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 49 ◽

pp. 231-238 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Rajesh Chintala ◽

Michael C. Wimberly ◽

Gemechis D. Djira ◽

Mirela G. Tulbure

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Interannual Variability ◽

Central Region ◽

Crop Residue ◽

The United States ◽

North Central Region ◽

North Central ◽

The North

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Occurrence of Bacterial Spot on Pumpkin and Squash Fruit in the North Central Region of the United States and Bacteria Associated with the Spots

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-01-16-0107-re ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 100 (12) ◽

pp. 2377-2382 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Qiong Liu ◽

Abbasali Ravanlou ◽

Mohammad Babadoost

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Central Region ◽

The United States ◽

Antagonistic Activity ◽

Polymerase Chain Reaction Test ◽

Polymorphism Analysis ◽

North Central Region ◽

Bacterial Spot ◽

North Central ◽

The North

Since 2006, a bacterial spot disease has been widely observed on pumpkin and squash fruit in the North Central region (NCR) of the United States. Surveys were conducted during 2011 to 2013 to determine the occurrence of the disease on pumpkin and winter squash in the NCR. In each state, at least five commercial pumpkin and squash fields were visited each year within 3 weeks of harvest, and 60 fruit were inspected in each field. In nine states surveyed, 217 of 245 fields had fruit with bacterial spot. The average incidence of the symptomatic fruit in all pumpkin fields surveyed was 27.1, 30.3, and 25.3% in 2011, 2012, and 2013, respectively. The average incidence of fruit with bacterial spot in all squash fields surveyed was 20.2% in 2012 and 16.9% in 2013. The incidence of symptomatic fruit was more than 90% in some fields. Xanthomonas cucurbitae and non-X. cucurbitae bacteria were isolated from all of the symptomatic fruit collected. X. cucurbitae was identified based on colony characteristics on yeast extract-dextrose-CaCO3 agar, a polymerase chain reaction test using primers RST2 and RST3, and pathogenicity on pumpkin leaves. All X. cucurbitae isolates tested were pathogenic on ‘Howden’ pumpkin. In total, 312 non-X. cucurbitae isolates were identified into 10 genera based on the restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. None of the non-X. cucurbitae isolates was pathogenic on Howden. In vitro studies of interactions between non-X. cucurbitae and X. cucurbitae showed that Pantoea isolates had antagonistic activity against X. cucurbitae. Identified Pantoea agglomerans showed the highest antagonistic activity against X. cucurbitae.

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