High resolution optical mapping of Na/sup +/ blocked ventricular tachycardia

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mishima ◽  
T. Arafune ◽  
N. Tanoue ◽  
E. Kobayashi ◽  
I. Sakuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Tachycardia ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Optical Mapping

Optical mapping of late myocardial infarction in rats

2006 ◽  
Vol 290 (3) ◽  
pp. H1298-H1306 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Mills ◽  
Niladri Mal ◽  
Farhad Forudi ◽  
Zoran B. Popovic ◽  
Marc S. Penn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Ventricular Tachycardia ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Action Potentials ◽  
Optical Mapping ◽  
Cellular Heterogeneity ◽  
Artery Ligation ◽  
Conduction Abnormalities ◽  
Mapping Techniques ◽  
Whole Heart

Late myocardial infarction (MI) is associated with ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. The exact mechanistic relationship between abnormal cellular electrophysiology, conduction abnormalities, and arrhythmogenesis associated with late MI is not completely understood. We report a novel, rapid dye superfusion technique to enable whole heart, high-resolution optical mapping of late MI. Optical mapping of action potentials was performed in normal rats and rats with anterior MI 7 days after left anterior descending artery ligation. Hearts from normal rats exhibited normal action potentials and impulse conduction. With the use of programmed stimulation to assess arrhythmia inducibility, 29% of hearts with late MI had inducible sustained ventricular tachycardia, compared with 0% in normal rats. A causal relationship between the site of infarction, abnormal action potential conduction (i.e., block and slow conduction), and arrhythmogenesis was observed. Optical mapping techniques can be used to measure high-resolution action potentials in a whole heart model of late MI. This experimental model reproduces many of the electrophysiological characteristics (i.e., conduction slowing, block, and ventricular tachycardia) associated with MI in patients. Importantly, the results of this study can enhance our ability to understand the interplay between cellular heterogeneity, conduction abnormalities, and arrhythmogenesis associated with MI.

High-Resolution Optical Mapping of Ventricular Tachycardia in Rats with Chronic Myocardial Infarction

2010 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 687-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHUNHUA DING ◽  
LIOR GEPSTEIN ◽  
DUY THAI NGUYEN ◽  
EMILY WILSON ◽  
GEORGE HULLEY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Ventricular Tachycardia ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Optical Mapping ◽  
Chronic Myocardial Infarction

scholarly journals High-Resolution Mapping of Postinfarction Reentrant Ventricular Tachycardia

Circulation ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. 314-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elad Anter ◽  
Cory M. Tschabrunn ◽  
Alfred E. Buxton ◽  
Mark E. Josephson
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Tachycardia ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
High Resolution Mapping ◽  
Resolution Mapping

scholarly journals Anisotropic Conduction Properties in Canine Atria Analyzed by High-Resolution Optical Mapping

Circulation ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 105 (17) ◽  
pp. 2092-2098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Koura ◽  
Motoki Hara ◽  
Susumu Takeuchi ◽  
Kenichi Ota ◽  
Yasumasa Okada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Optical Mapping ◽  
Anisotropic Conduction ◽  
Conduction Properties

Analysis of High Resolution MCG Recordings of Patients with Ventricular Tachycardia

1989 ◽  
pp. 385-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Montonen ◽  
M. Leiniö ◽  
K. Mäkiniemi ◽  
M. Mäkijärvi ◽  
J. Nenonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Tachycardia ◽  
High Resolution

scholarly journals Isolated superfused rats atrial model for the investigation of atrial fibrillation mechanisms and treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Glatstein ◽  
M Ghiringhelli ◽  
L Maizels ◽  
E Heller ◽  
E Maor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Sinus Rhythm ◽  
Optical Mapping ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Anatomical Landmarks ◽  
Ex Vivo Model ◽  
Electrophysiological Properties ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Isolated Atria

Abstract Background One of the major barriers to an improved mechanistic understanding of atrial fibrillation (AF), and thus in the pipeline of drug development, has been a lack of appropriate tissue models, especially in small animals. Aim We propose an advanced anatomical ex-vivo model based on rat atria for acute assessment of AF susceptibility. This novel model could yield a better understanding of arrhythmia mechanisms as well as the development of potential therapeutic strategies for the prevention or termination of atrial arrhythmias. Methods Wistar rats atria (N=25) were isolated, flattened and pinned to a custom-made silicon plate. Atria were superfused with an oxygenized Tyrode's solution. Tissues were then loaded with a voltage-sensitive dye and mapped using a high-resolution optical mapping system. AF was induced with 1uM carbamylcholine (N=23) coupled with pacing maneuvers and treated with 30uM Vernakalant (N=10) or 10uM Flecainide (N=10). Finally, the feasibility of a new ablation technique (electroporation) was evaluated. Results Optical mapping results suggested that the superfusion procedure led to a fast atrial recovery. Sinus activity was conserved for all atria for a long period. All the anatomical landmarks were clearly visualized. The acquired optical signals were analyzed during sinus rhythm and pacing, which allowed the creation of detailed activation maps and measurements of action potential duration (APD) and conduction velocity (CV) at different pacing rates. The resulting APD restitution curves revealed electrical excitation at high pacing rates (cycle length between 50ms and 300ms) with a relatively flattened curve. AF was successfully induced and optically mapping confirmed the presence of reentrant activity. AF was successfully treated using Vernacalant and Flecainide. Finally, we demonstrated the feasibility of a new ablation approach (electroporation) for creation of a continuous linear lesion serving as a functional block. Conclusion The isolated superfused atria model, coupled with voltage-sensitive dyes, can be utilized for long-term high-resolution functional imaging of the atria during sinus rhythm, pacing and arrhythmogenic activity. This allows the study of the atrial electrophysiological properties, the mechanisms involved in AF initiation, perpetuation, and termination as well as the study of drug and new ablation modalities. FUNDunding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – EU funding. Main funding source(s): European Research Council (ERC) Spontaneous activation of isolated atria

Electrophysiology and anatomy of embryonic rabbit hearts before and after septation

2005 ◽  
Vol 288 (1) ◽  
pp. H344-H351 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Rothenberg ◽  
V. P. Nikolski ◽  
M. Watanabe ◽  
I. R. Efimov
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Optical Mapping ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Rabbit Heart ◽  
Conduction System ◽  
Cardiac Conduction ◽  
Adult Rabbit ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ventricular Activation ◽  
Activation Sequence

Mechanisms of cardiac pacemaking and conduction system (CPCS) development are difficult to study, in part because of the absence of models that are physiologically similar to humans in which we can label the entire CPCS. Investigations of the adult rabbit heart have provided insight into normal and abnormal cardiac conduction. The adult and the embryonic rabbit have an endogenous marker of the entire cardiac conduction system, neurofilament 160 (NF-160). Previous work suggested that ventricular septation correlates with critical phases in avian CPCS development, in contrast to the mouse CPCS. Combining high-resolution optical mapping with immunohistochemical analysis of the embryonic rabbit heart, we investigated the significance of ventricular septation in patterning the rabbit embryonic conduction system. We hypothesized that 1) completion of ventricular septation does not correlate with changes in the ventricular activation sequence in rabbit embryos and 2) CPCS anatomy determines the activation sequence of the embryonic heart. We found that preseptated ( days 11–13, n = 13) and postseptated (day 15, n = 5) hearts had similar “apex-to-base” ventricular excitation. PR intervals were not significantly different in either group. CPCS anatomy revealed continuity of the NF-160-positive tract connecting the presumptive sinoatrial node, atrioventricular (AV) junction, and ventricular conduction system. The presence of collagen in the AV junction coincided with the appearance of an AV interval. We conclude that the apex-to-base ventricular activation sequence in the rabbit embryo is present before completion of ventricular septation. CPCS anatomy reflects global cardiac activation as demonstrated by high-resolution optical mapping.

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