Like other new generation information technologies such as IoT, big data, AI, and cloud, cryptocurrency and blockchain became buzz words in both industry and academia due to their advantageous features. With the features like decentralization, transparency, immutability, blockchain technology became more famous and is emerging in almost all fields like banking, education, healthcare, government, and real estate. Blockchain technology was introduced in the year 1991. It came into existence after this technology was created for bitcoin, a digital cryptocurrency by Santoshi Nakamoto in the year 2008. Since then, the blockchain is evolving rapidly. Even though blockchain usage is in high demand in all the sectors and it has received attention from many international organizations, most of the people lag in knowledge of blockchain technology and Cryptocurrency and how exactly they work. This chapter explores more in detail what blockchain technology is, how it works, and its applications.