The impact of crop residue burning on air quality over Yangtze River delta, China: Observation and simulation

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bina Zhu ◽  
Ji-feng Su ◽  
Han-qing Kang ◽  
Yan Cai
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Yangtze River Delta ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Crop Residue Burning ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The influence of spatiality on shipping emissions, air quality and potential human exposure in Yangtze River Delta/Shanghai, China

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junlan Feng ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Shanshan Li ◽  
Jingbo Mao ◽  
Allison P. Patton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Yangtze River Delta ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Population Exposure ◽  
Inland Water ◽  
The Yrd ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The Yangtze River Delta (YRD) and the megacity of Shanghai are host to one of the busiest port clusters in the world, the region also suffers from high levels of air pollution. The goal of this study was to estimate the contributions of shipping to emissions, air quality, and population exposure and characterize their dependence on the geographic spatiality of ship lanes from the regional scale to city scale for 2015. The WRF-CMAQ model was used to simulate the influence of coastal and inland-water shipping, in port emissions, shipping-related cargo transport on air quality and, population-weighted concentrations, a measure of human exposure. Our results showed that the impact of shipping on air quality in the YRD was attributable primarily to shipping emissions within 12 NM of shore, but emissions coming from the coastal area of 24 to 96 NM still contributed substantially to ship-related PM2.5 concentrations in YRD. The overall contribution of ships to PM2.5 concentration in YRD could reach to 4.62 μg/m3 in summer when monsoon winds transport shipping emissions onshore. In Shanghai city, inland-water going ships were major contributors (40–80 %) to the shipping impact on urban air quality. Given the proximity of inland-water ships to urban populations of Shanghai, the emissions of inland-water ships contributed more to population-weighted concentrations. These research results provide scientific evidence to inform policies for controlling future shipping emissions; in particular, stricter standards could be considered for the ships on inland rivers and other waterways close to residential regions.

scholarly journals Quantifying the Impacts of COVID-19 Lockdown and Spring Festival on Air Quality over Yangtze River Delta Region

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 735
Author(s):  
Zeeshan Javed ◽  
Aimon Tanvir ◽  
Yuhang Wang ◽  
Ahmed Waqas ◽  
Mingjie Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Yangtze River Delta ◽  
In Situ Measurements ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Spring Festival ◽  
The Yrd ◽  
The Impact

The emergence of the novel corona virus and the resulting lockdowns over various parts of the world have substantially impacted air quality due to reduced anthropogenic activity. The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of COVID-19 lockdown and Spring Festival on air quality of four major cities of Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region, including Shanghai, Nanjing, Hefei, and Hangzhou. In situ measurements were taken for nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone (O3). In situ measurements from 1 January to 25 April were taken two years prior to COVID-19 (2018–19), during COVID-19 lockdown (2020), and one year after the COVID-19 (2021). The results indicated that the concentration of NO2 and PM2.5 dropped considerably during the lockdown days compared to normal days while the O3 concentration showed an upsurge. The NO2 showed reduction of about 54% on average during lockdown level 1 in 2020 whereas, PM 2.5 showed reduction of about 36% through the YRD. A substantial drop was observed in concentration of NO2 during the Spring Festival holidays throughout the YRD from 2019 to 2021.

scholarly journals The Temporal and Spatial Changes of Ship-Contributed PM2.5 Due to the Inter-Annual Meteorological Variation in Yangtze River Delta, China

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 722
Author(s):  
Dongsheng Chen ◽  
Dingyue Liang ◽  
Lei Li ◽  
Xiurui Guo ◽  
Jianlei Lang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Yangtze River Delta ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Simultaneous Increase ◽  
Air Quality Model ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Meteorological Variation ◽  
Annual Changes ◽  
The Impact

Ship-exhausted air pollutants could cause negative impacts on air quality, climate change, and human health. Increasing attention has been paid to investigate the impact of ship emissions on air quality. However, the conclusions are often based on a specific year, the extent to which the inter-annual variation in meteorological conditions affects the contribution is not yet fully addressed. Therefore, in this study, the Weather Research and Forecast model and the Community Multiscale Air Quality model(WRF/CMAQ) were employed to investigate the inter-annual variations in ship-contributed PM2.5 from 2010 to 2019. The Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region in China was selected as the target study area. To highlight the impact of inter-annual meteorological variations, the emission inventory and model configurations were kept the same for the 10-year simulation. We found that: (1) inter-annual meteorological variation had an evident impact on the ship-contributed PM2.5 in most coastal cities around YRD. Taking Shanghai as an example, the contribution varied between 3.05 and 5.74 µg/m3, with the fluctuation rate of ~65%; (2) the inter-annual changes in ship’s contribution showed a trend of almost simultaneous increase and decrease for most cities, which indicates that the impact of inter-annual meteorological variation was more regional than local; (3) the inter-annual changes in the northern part of YRD were significantly higher than those in the south; (4) the most significant inter-annual changes were found in summer, followed by spring, fall and winter.

scholarly journals The influence of spatiality on shipping emissions, air quality and potential human exposure in the Yangtze River Delta/Shanghai, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 6167-6183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junlan Feng ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Shanshan Li ◽  
Jingbo Mao ◽  
Allison P. Patton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Yangtze River Delta ◽  
River Delta ◽  
The Yangtze River ◽  
Inland Water ◽  
The Yrd ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Yangtze River Delta

Abstract. The Yangtze River Delta (YRD) and the megacity of Shanghai are host to one of the busiest port clusters in the world; the region also suffers from high levels of air pollution. The goal of this study was to estimate the contributions of shipping to regional emissions, air quality, and population exposure and to characterize the importance of the geographic spatiality of shipping lanes and different types of ship-related sources for the baseline year of 2015, which was prior to the implementation of China's Domestic Emission Control Areas (DECAs) in 2016. The WRF-CMAQ model, which combines the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) and the Community Multi-scale Air Quality (CMAQ) model, was used to simulate the influence of coastal and inland-water shipping, port emissions and ship-related cargo transport on air quality and on the population-weighted concentrations (which is a measure of human exposure). Our results showed that the impact of shipping on air quality in the YRD was primarily attributable to shipping emissions within 12 NM (nautical miles) of shore, but emissions coming from the coastal area between 24 and 96 NM still contributed substantially to ship-related PM2.5 concentrations in the YRD. The overall contribution of ships to the PM2.5 concentration in the YRD could reach 4.62 µg m−3 in summer when monsoon winds transport shipping emissions onshore. In Shanghai city, inland-water going ships were major contributors (40 %–80 %) to the shipping impact on urban air quality. Given the proximity of inland-water ships to the urban populations of Shanghai, the emissions of inland-water ships contributed more to population-weighted concentrations. These research results provide scientific evidence to inform policies for controlling future shipping emissions; in particular, in the YRD region, expanding the boundary of 12 NM from shore in China's current DECA policy to around 100 NM from shore would include most of shipping emissions affecting air pollutant exposure, and stricter fuel standards could be considered for the ships on inland rivers and other waterways close to residential regions.

scholarly journals The Effect of Coronavirus 2019 Disease Control Measures on the Incidence of Respiratory Infectious Disease and Air Pollutant Concentrations in Yangtze River Delta Region, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lan Wang ◽  
Kehan Wang ◽  
Hui Zhong ◽  
Na Zhao ◽  
Yunmei Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Yangtze River Delta ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Zhejiang Province ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Delta Region ◽  
Yangtze River Delta Region ◽  
The Impact

Abstract To investigate the changes of the respiratory infectious diseases (RID) and air quality during the COVID-19 outbreak over Yangtze River Delta Region, China. We investigate the impact of COVID-19 control measures on changes of RID and air quality by constructing two proportional test and fitting ARIMA and piecewise regression models. A total of 81,345 and 1,048,511 cases of RID were identified in Shanghai and Zhejiang Province, respectively. The incidence of seven RID and influenza decreased by 37.80% and 49.57% in 2020 in Shanghai and decreased by 20.39% and 43.40% in Zhejiang Province, respectively. The monthly concentrations of overall air pollutants decreased by 12.7% and 12.85% in 2020 Shanghai and Zhejiang compared to the 2017–2019 period; the most rapid decrease was observed in SO2 concentrations (32.39% and 33.37% in Shanghai Province and Zhejiang Province, respectively). A moderate correlation was seen between influenza incidence and monthly SO2 concentrations in Shanghai (r = 0.59). A 10 μg/m3 decrease of SO2 was significantly associated with the reduction of influenza incidence(2907.76 per 100,000). This study provided the additional evidences that the measures taken for COVID-19 were effective in improving the air quality and reducing spread of other common respiratory diseases, but direct causality is not established.

scholarly journals Absorption coefficient of urban aerosol in Nanjing, west Yangtze River Delta, China

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (23) ◽  
pp. 13633-13646 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. Zhuang ◽  
T. J. Wang ◽  
J. Liu ◽  
Y. Ma ◽  
C. Q. Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Coefficient ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Yangtze River Delta ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Absorbing Aerosols ◽  
The Impact ◽  
532 Nm

Abstract. Absorbing aerosols can significantly modulate short-wave solar radiation in the atmosphere, affecting regional and global climate. The aerosol absorption coefficient (AAC) is an indicator that assesses the impact of absorbing aerosols on radiative forcing. In this study, the near-surface AAC and absorption Ångström exponent (AAE) in the urban area of Nanjing, China, are characterized on the basis of measurements in 2012 and 2013 using the seven-channel Aethalometer (model AE-31, Magee Scientific, USA). The AAC is estimated with direct and indirect corrections, which result in consistent temporal variations and magnitudes of AAC at 532 nm. The mean AAC at 532 nm is about 43.23 ± 28.13 M m−1 in the urban area of Nanjing, which is much lower than that in Pearl River Delta and the same as in rural areas (Lin'an) in Yangtze River Delta. The AAC in the urban area of Nanjing shows strong seasonality (diurnal variations); it is high in cold seasons (at rush hour) and low in summer (in the afternoon). It also shows synoptic and quasi-2-week cycles in response to weather systems. Its frequency distribution follows a typical log-normal pattern. The 532 nm AAC ranging from 15 to 65 M m−1 dominates, accounting for more than 72 % of the total data samples in the entire study period. Frequent high pollution episodes, such as those observed in June 2012 and in winter 2013, greatly enhanced AAC and altered its temporal variations and frequency distributions. These episodes are mostly due to local emissions and regional pollution. Air masses flowing from northern China to Nanjing can sometimes be highly polluted and lead to high AAC at the site. AAE at 660/470 nm from the Schmid correction (Schmid et al., 2006) is about 1.56, which might be more reasonable than from the Weingartner correction (Weingartner et al., 2003). Low AAEs mainly occur in summer, likely due to high relative humidity (RH) in the season. AAC increases with increasing AAE at a fixed aerosol loading. The RH–AAC relationship is more complex. Overall, AAC peaks at RH values of around 40 % (1.3 < AAE < 1.6), 65 % (AAE < 1.3 and AAE > 1.6), and 80 % (1.3 < AAE < 1.6).

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