Bi-Directional Power Flow in Solar PV to Maintain the Load Power Constant Using PSCAD

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bharathi V ◽  
M V Chilukuri ◽  
Arunachalam M
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Load Power

scholarly journals Design Models for Power Flow Management of a Grid-Connected Solar Photovoltaic System with Energy Storage System

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2137
Author(s):  
Mariz B. Arias ◽  
Sungwoo Bae
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Load Power ◽  
Solar Pv System ◽  
Power Forecasting

This paper provides models for managing and investigating the power flow of a grid-connected solar photovoltaic (PV) system with an energy storage system (ESS) supplying the residential load. This paper presents a combination of models in forecasting solar PV power, forecasting load power, and determining battery capacity of the ESS, to improve the overall quality of the power flow management of a grid-connected solar PV system. Big data tools were used to formulate the solar PV power forecasting model and load power forecasting model, in which real historical solar electricity data of actual solar homes in Australia were used to improve the quality of the forecasting models. In addition, the time-of-use electricity pricing was also considered in managing the power flow, to provide the minimum cost of electricity from the grid to the residential load. The output of this model presents the power flow profiles, including the solar PV power, battery power, grid power, and load power of weekend and weekday in a summer season. The battery state-of-charge of the ESS was also presented. Therefore, this model may help power system engineers to investigate the power flow of each system of a grid-connected solar PV system and help in the management decision for the improvement of the overall quality of the power management of the system.

scholarly journals Photovoltaic Maximum Penetration Limits on Medium Voltage Overhead and Underground Cable Distribution Feeders: A Comparative Study

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3843
Author(s):  
Sultan Sh. Alanzi ◽  
Rashad M. Kamel
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Power Factor ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Underground Cables ◽  
Overhead Lines ◽  
Medium Voltage ◽  
Load Power ◽  
Bus Voltage ◽  
Pv Penetration

This paper investigates the maximum photovoltaic (PV) penetration limits on both overhead lines and underground cables medium voltage radial distribution system. The maximum PV penetration limit is estimated considering both bus voltage limit (1.05 p.u.) and feeder current ampacity (1 p.u.). All factors affect the max PV penetration limit are investigated in detail. Substation voltage, load percentage, load power factor, and power system frequency (50 Hz or 60 Hz) are analyzed. The maximum PV penetration limit associated with overhead lines is usually higher than the value associated with the underground cables for high substation voltage (substation voltage = 1.05 and 1.04 p.u.). The maximum PV penetration limit decreases dramatically with low load percentage for both feeder types but still the overhead lines accept PV plant higher than the underground cables. Conversely, the maximum PV penetration increases with load power factor decreasing and the overhead lines capability for hosting PV plant remains higher than the capability of the underground cables. This paper proved that the capability of the 60-Hz power system for hosting the PV plant is higher than the capability of 50 Hz power system. MATLAB software has been employed to obtain all results in this paper. The Newton-Raphson iterative method was the used method to solve the power flow of the investigated systems.

Efficient Reduction in the Annual Investment Costs in AC Distribution Networks via Optimal Integration of Solar PV Sources Using the Newton Metaheuristic Algorithm

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 11525
Author(s):  
Oscar Danilo Montoya ◽  
Luis Fernando Grisales-Noreña ◽  
Lázaro Alvarado-Barrios ◽  
Andres Arias-Londoño ◽  
Cesar Álvarez-Arroyo
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Fitness Function ◽  
Solution Space ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Optimal Placement ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Flow Method ◽  
Power Flow Method

This research addresses the problem of the optimal placement and sizing of (PV) sources in medium voltage distribution grids through the application of the recently developed Newton metaheuristic optimization algorithm (NMA). The studied problem is formulated through a mixed-integer nonlinear programming model where the binary variables regard the installation of a PV source in a particular node, and the continuous variables are associated with power generations as well as the voltage magnitudes and angles, among others. To improve the performance of the NMA, we propose the implementation of a discrete–continuous codification where the discrete component deals with the location problem and the continuous component works with the sizing problem of the PV sources. The main advantage of the NMA is that it works based on the first and second derivatives of the fitness function considering an evolution formula that contains its current solution (xit) and the best current solution (xbest), where the former one allows location exploitation and the latter allows the global exploration of the solution space. To evaluate the fitness function and its derivatives, the successive approximation power flow method was implemented, which became the proposed solution strategy in a master–slave optimizer, where the master stage is governed by the NMA and the slave stage corresponds to the power flow method. Numerical results in the IEEE 34- and IEEE 85-bus systems show the effectiveness of the proposed optimization approach to minimize the total annual operative costs of the network when compared to the classical Chu and Beasley genetic algorithm and the MINLP solvers available in the general algebraic modeling system with reductions of 26.89% and 27.60% for each test feeder with respect to the benchmark cases.

Stochastic optimal power flow in islanded DC microgrids with correlated load and solar PV uncertainties

2021 ◽  
pp. 118090
Author(s):  
Yugeswar Reddy O. ◽  
Jithendranath J. ◽  
Ajoy Kumar Chakraborty ◽  
Josep M. Guerrero
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Optimal Power Flow ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Dc Microgrids ◽  
Optimal Power

scholarly journals Power Balance Modes and Dynamic Grid Power Flow in Solar PV and Battery Storage Experimental DC-Link Microgrid

IEEE Access ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 219847-219858
Author(s):  
Rupak Kanti Dhar ◽  
Adel Merabet ◽  
Ahmed Al-Durra ◽  
Amer M. Y. M. Ghias
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Power Balance ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Battery Storage

Capacitive and Inductive Line Reactance for Network Reconfiguration

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 751
Author(s):  
Aiman Suhailah Saifuddin ◽  
Karmila Kamil ◽  
Halimatun Hashim ◽  
Ruthraganapathy Radhakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Transmission Line ◽  
Solar Irradiance ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Test System ◽  
Network Reconfiguration ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Excess Power

<p>Solar PV may cause power congestion to occur in a transmission line when there is high solar irradiance that causing solar PV to generate more power flow than demanded power flow. Transmission line congestion that can be made worst by adding extra power generating farm such as centralized PV farm of renewable energy which helps to deliver customers with the demand or load required. The power generated coming from solar PV is depending on the weather and can definitely worsen the flow in transmission line due to the power captured. In this case, the high solar irradiance can affect the power generated from solar PV and will cause power congestion when power generated is higher than the load demanded. In this paper, the proposed method used to overcome the power congestion in a transmission line is by rerouting the excess power from the overloaded line to underloaded line by changing the line reactance of the line. An IEEE 30 bus test system is developed in PSS/E software as the test system. The output monitored is the line stability index of the affected line before and after rerouting process.</p>

scholarly journals Solar PV Grid Power Flow Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qais Alsafasfeh ◽  
Omar Saraereh ◽  
Imran Khan ◽  
Sunghwan Kim
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Load Flow ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Voltage Fluctuation ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Pv Grid ◽  
The Impact

As the unconstrained integration of distributed photovoltaic (PV) power into a power grid will cause changes in the power flow of the distribution network, voltage deviation, voltage fluctuation, and so on, system operators focus on how to determine and improve the integration capacity of PV power rationally. By giving full consideration to the static security index constraints and voltage fluctuation, this paper proposes a maximum integration capacity optimization model of the PV power, according to different power factors for the PV power. Moreover, the proposed research analyzes the large-scale PV grid access capacity, PV access point, and multi-PV power plant output, by probability density distribution, sensitivity analysis, standard deviation analysis, and over-limit probability analysis. Furthermore, this paper establishes accessible capacity maximization problems from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) standard node system and power system analysis theory for PV power sources with constraints of voltage fluctuations. A MATLAB R2017B simulator is used for the performance analysis and evaluation of the proposed work. Through the simulation of the IEEE 33-node system, the integration capacity range of the PV power is analyzed, and the maximum integration capacity of the PV power at each node is calculated, providing a rational decision-making scheme for the planning of integrating the distributed PV power into a small-scale power grid. The results indicate that the fluctuations and limit violation probabilities of the power system voltage and load flow increase with the addition of the PV capacity. Moreover, the power loss and PV penetration level are influenced by grid-connected spots, and the impact of PV on the load flow is directional.

scholarly journals Determining the Hosting Capacity of Solar Photovoltaic in a Radial Distribution Network Using an Analytical Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 15-25
Author(s):  
Suraj Dahal ◽  
Ajay Kumar Jha ◽  
Nawraj Bhattarai ◽  
Anil Kumar Panjiyar
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Flow Simulation ◽  
Load Flow ◽  
Optimal Placement ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Voltage Profile ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Power Loss Reduction

Integrating high photovoltaic (PV) on distribution grid system has a positive impact by significantly reducing the losses and improving the voltage profile at the same time reducing the pollution of the environment However, integrating high proportions of PV in the distribution grid can bring the grid to its operational limits and result in power quality issues. The maximum PV capacity that can be integrated without incurring any grid impacts is referred to as the PV hosting capacity of the grid. This paper intends to evaluate the hosting capacity of solar PV in Dodhara-Chandani (DoC) distribution feeder as one of the feeder of Integrated Nepal Power System (INPS), considering grid parameters and operating condition in Nepal. Three main criteria were investigated for determining the hosting capacity of PV; reverse power flow, maximum voltage deviation of feeder and current carrying limit of conductor. The analysis has been performed by means of static load-flow simulation in Electrical Transient & Analysis Program (ETAP) and coding in MATLAB R2017a. The study shows that PV of rated capacity 687kWp can be installed at a point of interconnection (POI) whereas an optimal placement of solar PV is found to be at 18th node (in between starting and end of the feeder) considering minimum system losses. The minimum voltage profile at end of the feeder has improved by 8 % while the active power loss reduction of network has reduced by 83.6 % after the integration of solar PV. The results indicate voltage at different buses and the ampacity of most of the conductors have been improved after the integration of PV system into DoC feeder.

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