Automated segmentation and T2-mapping of the posterior cruciate ligament from MRI of the knee: Data from the osteoarthritis initiative

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Paproki ◽  
Katharine J. Wilson ◽  
Rachel K. Surowiec ◽  
Charles P. Ho ◽  
Abinash Pant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
T2 Mapping ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Automated Segmentation ◽  
Osteoarthritis Initiative

scholarly journals Micro- and Macroscale Assessment of Posterior Cruciate Ligament Functionality Based on Advanced MRI Techniques

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1790
Author(s):  
Lena Marie Wilms ◽  
Karl Ludger Radke ◽  
Daniel Benjamin Abrar ◽  
David Latz ◽  
Justus Schock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
T2 Mapping ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Texture Features ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Tissue Ultrastructure

T2 mapping assesses tissue ultrastructure and composition, yet the association of imaging features and tissue functionality is oftentimes unclear. This study aimed to elucidate this association for the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) across the micro- and macroscale and as a function of loading. Ten human cadaveric knee joints were imaged using a clinical 3.0T scanner and high-resolution morphologic and T2 mapping sequences. Emulating the posterior drawer test, the joints were imaged in the unloaded (δ0) and loaded (δ1) configurations. For the entire PCL, its subregions, and its osseous insertion sites, loading-induced changes were parameterized as summary statistics and texture variables, i.e., entropy, homogeneity, contrast, and variance. Histology confirmed structural integrity. Statistical analysis was based on parametric and non-parametric tests. Mean PCL length (37.8 ± 1.8 mm [δ0]; 44.0 ± 1.6 mm [δ1] [p < 0.01]), mean T2 (35.5 ± 2.0 ms [δ0]; 37.9 ± 1.3 ms [δ1] [p = 0.01]), and mean contrast values (4.0 ± 0.6 [δ0]; 4.9 ± 0.9 [δ1] [p = 0.01]) increased significantly under loading. Other texture features or ligamentous, osseous, and meniscal structures remained unaltered. Beyond providing normative T2 values across various scales and configurations, this study suggests that ligaments can be imaged morphologically and functionally based on joint loading and advanced MRI acquisition and post-processing techniques to assess ligament integrity and functionality in variable diagnostic contexts.

scholarly journals Quantitative analysis of the ACL and PCL using T1rho and T2 relaxation time mapping: an exploratory, cross-sectional comparison between OA and healthy control knees

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanuka D. S. Ranmuthu ◽  
James W. MacKay ◽  
Victoria A. Crowe ◽  
Joshua D. Kaggie ◽  
Dimitri A. Kessler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
T2 Mapping ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Relaxation Times ◽  
Fast Spin Echo ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Cruciate Ligaments ◽  
T2 Relaxation

Abstract Background Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods such as T1rho and T2 mapping are sensitive to changes in tissue composition, however their use in cruciate ligament assessment has been limited to studies of asymptomatic populations or patients with posterior cruciate ligament tears only. The aim of this preliminary study was to compare T1rho and T2 relaxation times of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) between subjects with mild-to-moderate knee osteoarthritis (OA) and healthy controls. Methods A single knee of 15 patients with mild-to-moderate knee OA (Kellgren-Lawrence grades 2–3) and of 6 age-matched controls was imaged using a 3.0 T MRI. Three-dimensional (3D) fat-saturated spoiled gradient recalled-echo images were acquired for morphological assessment and T1ρ- and T2-prepared pseudo-steady-state 3D fast spin echo images for compositional assessment of the cruciate ligaments. Manual segmentation of whole ACL and PCL, as well as proximal / middle / distal thirds of both ligaments was carried out by two readers using ITK-SNAP and mean relaxation times were recorded. Variation between thirds of the ligament were assessed using repeated measures ANOVAs and differences in these variations between groups using a Kruskal-Wallis test. Inter- and intra-rater reliability were assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Results In OA knees, both T1rho and T2 values were significantly higher in the distal ACL when compared to the rest of the ligament with the greatest differences in T1rho (e.g. distal mean = 54.5 ms, proximal = 47.0 ms, p < 0.001). The variation of T2 values within the PCL was lower in OA knees (OA: distal vs middle vs proximal mean = 28.5 ms vs 29.1 ms vs 28.7 ms, p = 0.748; Control: distal vs middle vs proximal mean = 26.4 ms vs 32.7 ms vs 33.3 ms, p = 0.009). ICCs were excellent for the majority of variables. Conclusion T1rho and T2 mapping of the cruciate ligaments is feasible and reliable. Changes within ligaments associated with OA may not be homogeneous. This study is an important step forward in developing a non-invasive, radiological biomarker to assess the ligaments in diseased human populations in-vivo.

Isolated Posterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries

1994 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 519-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Andrews ◽  
John C. Edwards ◽  
Yvonne E. Satterwhite
Keyword(s):  
Posterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Ligament Injuries

scholarly journals Open knee dislocation with a patellar tendon rupture: Result of staged surgical repair

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 2050313X1882310
Author(s):  
Tsuneari Takahashi ◽  
Tomohiro Matsumura ◽  
Kazuaki Ishihara ◽  
Shuhei Hiyama ◽  
Katsushi Takeshita
Keyword(s):  
Posterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Patellar Tendon ◽  
Tendon Rupture ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Knee Dislocation ◽  
Patellar Tendon Rupture ◽  
Collateral Ligament ◽  
Range Of Movement ◽  
Multiligament Injury

Knee dislocation with concomitant multiligament injury is a rare and devastating injury. We report the successful repair of a rare case of open knee dislocation with concomitant multiligament injury and patellar tendon rupture of an 18-year-old male due to a motorcycle accident. The patient presented with an open wound running parallel to the knee joint line and patellar tendon rupture with full exposure of the cartilage of the distal femur. Staged surgical management including the application of a ring-type external fixator with a hinged joint, lateral collateral ligament repair, medial collateral ligament reconstruction using autogenous hamstring tendon, and joint release was performed. Range of movement was recovered to 0 degrees of knee extension and 80 degrees of knee flexion, and extension lag was negative. The Lysholm score of the patient was recovered to 92. The patient was able to return to work in the construction field 2 years after sustaining the injury. The patient had no complaint of pain and was able to resume construction work, even though reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament and posterior cruciate ligament was not performed. The application of a hinged ring-type external fixation device might play a key role in early range of movement restoration and to maintain the reduced position and acceptable recovery of the posterior cruciate ligament injury without the need for reconstructive surgery. This report is the first to describe the safety and effectiveness of staged surgical management for the repair of open knee dislocation with concomitant multiligament injury and patellar tendon rupture. However, further studies with longer follow-up periods will be needed to observe the development of osteoarthritis or weakness of the knee. Staged surgical management is a safe and effective procedure for repairing an open knee dislocation with concomitant multiligament injury and patellar tendon rupture.

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