Path Loss Characteristics in Urban Environments Using Ray-Tracing Methods

Multi-core processors are likely to be a point of no return to meet the unending demand for increasing computational power. Nevertheless, the physical interconnection of many cores might currently represent the bottleneck toward kilo-core architectures. Optical wireless networks on-chip are therefore being considered as promising solutions to overcome the technological limits of wired interconnects. In this work, the spatial properties of the on-chip wireless channel are investigated through a ray tracing approach applied to a layered representation of the chip structure, highlighting the relationship between path loss, antenna positions and radiation properties.

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Broadband Wireless Channel in Composite High-Speed Railway Scenario: Measurements, Simulation, and Analysis

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing ◽

10.1155/2017/2897636 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jianwen Ding ◽

Lei Zhang ◽

Jingya Yang ◽

Bin Sun ◽

Jiying Huang

Keyword(s):

Ray Tracing ◽

Communication Systems ◽

High Speed ◽

Channel Model ◽

High Reliability ◽

Rapid Development ◽

Path Loss ◽

Wireless Channel ◽

Delay Spread ◽

High Speed Railway

The rapid development of high-speed railway (HSR) and train-ground communications with high reliability, safety, and capacity promotes the evolution of railway dedicated mobile communication systems from Global System for Mobile Communications-Railway (GSM-R) to Long Term Evolution-Railway (LTE-R). The main challenges for LTE-R network planning are the rapidly time-varying channel and high mobility, because HSR lines consist of a variety of complex terrains, especially the composite scenarios where tunnels, cuttings, and viaducts are connected together within a short distance. Existing researches mainly focus on the path loss and delay spread for the individual HSR scenarios. In this paper, the broadband measurements are performed using a channel sounder at 950 MHz and 2150 MHz in a typical HSR composite scenario. Based on the measurements, the pivotal characteristics are analyzed for path loss exponent, power delay profile, and tap delay line model. Then, the deterministic channel model in which the 3D ray-tracing algorithm is applied in the composite scenario is presented and validated by the measurement data. Based on the ray-tracing simulations, statistical analysis of channel characteristics in delay and Doppler domain is carried out for the HSR composite scenario. The research results can be useful for radio interface design and optimization of LTE-R system.

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The Use of Ray Tracing Models to Predict MIMO Performance in Urban Environments

MILCOM 2006 ◽

10.1109/milcom.2006.302380 ◽

2006 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Carmen Cerasoli

Keyword(s):

Ray Tracing ◽

Urban Environments

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Bounding the Practical Error of Path Loss Models

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation ◽

10.1155/2012/754158 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-21 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Caleb Phillips ◽

Douglas Sicker ◽

Dirk Grunwald

Keyword(s):

A Priori ◽

Path Loss ◽

Urban Environments ◽

Production Networks ◽

Modeling Error ◽

Propagation Models ◽

Performance Accuracy ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Standard Models ◽

Loss Models

We seek to provide practical lower bounds on the prediction accuracy of path loss models. We describe and implement 30 propagation models of varying popularity that have been proposed over the last 70 years. Our analysis is performed using a large corpus of measurements collected on production networks operating in the 2.4 GHz ISM, 5.8 GHz UNII, and 900 MHz ISM bands in a diverse set of rural and urban environments. We find that the landscape of path loss models is precarious: typical best-case performance accuracy of these models is on the order of 12–15 dB root mean square error (RMSE) and in practice it can be much worse. Models that can be tuned with measurements and explicit data fitting approaches enable a reduction in RMSE to 8-9 dB. These bounds on modeling error appear to be relatively constant, even in differing environments and at differing frequencies. Based on our findings, we recommend the use of a few well-accepted and well-performing standard models in scenarios wherea prioripredictions are needed and argue for the use of well-validated, measurement-driven methods whenever possible.

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Radio propagation prediction for high frequency bands using hybrid method of ray-tracing and ER model with point cloud of urban environments

12th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP 2018) ◽

10.1049/cp.2018.0382 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

M. Inomata ◽

T. Imai ◽

K. Kitao ◽

Y. Okumura ◽

S. Motoharu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ray Tracing ◽

Hybrid Method ◽

High Frequency ◽

Point Cloud ◽

Urban Environments ◽

Radio Propagation ◽

Frequency Bands ◽

Er Model ◽

Propagation Prediction

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Analysis of Propagation Characteristics for Various Subway Tunnel Scenarios at 28 GHz

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation ◽

10.1155/2021/7666624 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-16

Author(s):

Chengjian Wang ◽

Wenli Ji ◽

Guoxin Zheng ◽

Asad Saleem

Keyword(s):

Ray Tracing ◽

Root Mean Square ◽

Millimeter Wave ◽

Measurement Data ◽

Path Loss ◽

Small Scale ◽

Delay Spread ◽

Mean Square ◽

Propagation Characteristics ◽

Subway Tunnels

In order to meet the higher data transmission rate requirements of subway communication services, the millimeter wave (mmWave) broadband communication is considered as a potential solution in 5G technology. Based on the channel measurement data in subway tunnels, this paper uses ray-tracing (RT) simulation to predict the propagation characteristics of the 28 GHz millimeter wave frequency band in different tunnel scenarios. A large number of simulations based on ray-tracing software have been carried out for tunnel models with different bending radiuses and different slopes, and we further compared the simulation results with the real time measurement data of various subway tunnels. The large-scale and small-scale propagation characteristics of the channel, such as path loss (PL), root mean square delay spread (RMS-DS), and angle spread (AS), for different tunnel scenarios are analyzed, and it was found that the tunnel with a greater slope causes larger path loss and root mean square delay spread. Furthermore, in the curved tunnel, the angle spread of the azimuth angle is larger than that in a straight tunnel. The proposed results can provide a reference for the design of future 5G communication systems in subway tunnels.

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