Distributed load demand scheduling in smart grid to minimize electricity generation cost

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siyu Yue ◽  
Di Zhu ◽  
Yanzhi Wang ◽  
Massoud Pedram
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Load Demand ◽  
Distributed Load ◽  
Generation Cost

Economic Optimization of a Combined Heat and Power System for an Office Building

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Douglas ◽  
Timothy C. Wagner ◽  
Michael K. Sahm ◽  
William J. Wepfer
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Prime Mover ◽  
Economic Optimization ◽  
Electrical Efficiency ◽  
Load Demand ◽  
Generation Cost ◽  
The Relationship

The determination of a prime mover’s characteristics is important in ascertaining its suitability for combined heat and power (CHP) applications. By definition, its operation affects the operation of all heat recovery equipment downstream. The correct balance between component electrical efficiency and waste heat is needed if the electric power producing equipment is to be used in a CHP application in a cost effective manner. Understanding the relationship between electric efficiency and exhaust stream energy content for different prime movers systems is a first step in an overall CHP system optimization. The goals of this work are to determine the potential financial benefit of utilizing waste heat from various prime mover configurations as well as establish the relationship between the two types of energy generation and costs. An economic optimization was performed to determine the system with the lowest average product (electricity and thermal energy) generation cost. The prime mover system was required to meet the electrical load demand of a typical 9290 m2 (100,000 ft2) office building in New York, NY, USA. The composition of the most cost effective prime mover system, when considering both electrical and thermal energy generation, was shown to be a single microturbine. When comparing the electrical and thermal energy generation of all systems studied with product generation cost, the more cost effective systems had either high electrical efficiency with a low thermal energy generation or high amounts of waste heat with low electrical efficiency. Each installation site and load demand is unique. The results of this study, along with others, can be used to help determine a cost effective system for a particular application.

scholarly journals CO2 emission reduction and energy management for an integrated smart grid — Case of study: Rwandan electrical network

2020 ◽  
Vol 181 ◽  
pp. 03002
Author(s):  
Fabien Mukundufite ◽  
Jean Marie Vianney Bikorimana ◽  
Etienne Ntagwirumugara ◽  
Alex Kyaruzi
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Electric Utility ◽  
Electrical Network ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Co2 Emission Reduction ◽  
Electrical Grid ◽  
Load Demand ◽  
Operation Cost

Many scholars have been focusing on the energy management by Integrating a smart grid into a conventional electrical grid. They have showed that to meet a certain power demand of the consumers, using energy management, the electric utility can turn on some generators, which may have the least operation cost, while the generators with high operation cost are left to supply extra load demand in specific peak periods. Henceforth, the operation cost of its generation units is minimized. The issue remains at a level of relating the energy management to CO2 emission. The present paper briefly discusses the Rwandan electrical network that still integrates the use of diesel generators. It estimates the amount of CO2 emission that can be avoided once a PV system is integrated into the electrical network. The paper as well proposes an algorithm for energy management with consideration of CO2 emission.

An Optimum Sizing Methodology for Combined Photovoltaic-Energy Storage Electricity Generation Configurations

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Kaldellis ◽  
D. Zafirakis ◽  
K. Kavadias ◽  
E. Kondili
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Local Network ◽  
Electrical Networks ◽  
Power Stations ◽  
Generation Cost

The electrification of autonomous electrical networks is in most cases described by low quality of electricity available at very high production cost. Furthermore, autonomous electrical networks are subject to strict constraints posing serious limitations on the absorption of renewable energy sources (RES)-based electricity generation. To bypass these constraints and also to secure a more sustainable electricity supply status, the concept of combining photovoltaic (PV) power stations and energy storage systems comprises a promising solution for small scaled autonomous electrical networks, increasing the reliability of the local network as well. In this context, the present study is devoted in developing a complete methodology, able to define the size of an autonomous electricity generation system, based on the maximum available solar potential exploitation at minimum electricity generation cost. In addition special emphasis is given in order to select the most cost-efficient energy storage configuration available. According to the calculation results obtained, one may clearly state that an optimum sizing combination of a PV generator along with an appropriate energy storage system may significantly contribute on reducing the electricity generation cost in several island electrical systems, providing also abundant and high quality electricity without the environmental and macro-economic impacts of the oil-based thermal power stations.

Evaluation of micro-scale electricity generation cost using biomass-derived synthetic gas through modeling

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 989-1003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Wei ◽  
S. D. Filip To ◽  
Lester Pordesimo ◽  
William Batchelor
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Synthetic Gas ◽  
Generation Cost

scholarly journals Simulation and Modelling of Electricity Usage Control and Monitoring System using ThingSpeak

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2(Suppl.)) ◽  
pp. 0907
Author(s):  
Nurhazwani Anang ◽  
Mohammad Safwan AB Hamid ◽  
Wan Mariam Wan Muda
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Smart Grid ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Grid System ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Matlab Simulink ◽  
Load Demand ◽  
Smart Grid System

Renewable energy technology is growing fast especially photovoltaic (PV) system to move the conventional electricity generation and distribution towards smart grid. However, similar to monthly electricity bill, the PV energy producers can only monitor their energy PV generation once a month. Any malfuntion in PV system components may reduce the performance of the system without notice. Thus, developing a real-time monitoring system of PV production is very crucial for early detection. In addition, electricity consumption is also important to be monitored more frequently to increase energy savings awareness among consumers. Hardware based Internet-of-Thing (IoT) monitoring and control system is widely used. However, the implementation of the actual smart grid system is high in cost. Thus, simulation and modelling of the system is important to see the capability of the actual system before being employed. Since the smart grid and its components are usually modeled using MATLAB/Simulink, the communication between MATLAB/Simulink, IoT platform such as ThingSpeak and mobile application is crucial to be explored to gain a better understanding of the features of the smart grid. To achieve the objectives, there are five main steps which are simulation of grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system to generate data to be monitored and controlled using HOMER software, then, development of monitoring on ThingSpeak and mobile application using MIT App Inventor 2.  Next, the control system is developed on mobile application and the communication on how data are transferred between all the softwares are set up. The results show that all the seletected parameters can be monitored in real-time successfully. The developed mobile application can be used to control the MATLAB/Simulink in two modes. During automatic mode, ThingSpeak controls the MATLAB/Simulink by giving a zero signal (OFF) if load demand is less than the power generated by PV and a one signal (ON) if the load demand is greater than PV power. During manual mode, consumer can send ON or OFF signal to MATLAB/Simulink via the mobile application unconditionally. It is hoped that the proposed system will bring many benefits in modeling a complete smart grid system in MATLAB/Simulink.

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