Improve the thin film morphology and efficiency performance of P3HT:PCBM based solar cells by applying external electric fields

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Min Shen ◽  
Chao-Shuo Chen ◽  
Shou-Yuan Ma ◽  
Ching-Fuh Lin
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Film Morphology ◽  
External Electric Fields ◽  
Efficiency Performance

scholarly journals All-Polymer Solar Cells Based on Fully Conjugated Donor-Acceptor Block Copolymers with Poly(naphthalene bisimide) Acceptor Blocks: Device Performance and Thin Film Morphology

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro Nakabayashi ◽  
Hideharu Mori
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Polymer Solar Cells ◽  
Grazing Incidence ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Device Performance ◽  
Film Morphology ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Donor And Acceptor ◽  
Donor Acceptor

All-polymer solar cells are fabricated by using poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and fully conjugated donor-acceptor (D-A) block copolymer (P3HT-PNBI-P3HT) as donor and acceptor materials, respectively. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and grazing incidence wide angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS) analyses reveal that device performance strongly depends on the P3HT:P3HT-PNBI-P3HT thin film morphology. Indeed, theπ-πstacking nanomorphology rich in the edge-on orientation is formed in the P3HT:P3HT-PNBI-P3HT thin film by optimizing the fabrication conditions, for example, thermal annealing temperature and cast solvent. Consequently, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 1.60% is achieved with an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.59 V, short-current (Jsc) of 4.43 mA/cm2, and fill factor (FF) of 0.61. These results suggest that P3HT-PNBI-P3HT has the huge potential for the usage as a nonfullerene acceptor material.

Tuning thin-film bijels with applied external electric fields

Soft Matter ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 4344-4354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Carmack ◽  
Paul C. Millett
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Computer Simulations ◽  
External Electric Fields

Electric-field alignment of particle-stabilized emulsions within thin-film geometries enables through-thickness morphologies, revealed with mesoscopic computer simulations.

Improved Fabrication Technique for Microstructured Solid-State Neutron Detectors

2009 ◽  
Vol 1164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven L Bellinger ◽  
Walter J McNeil ◽  
Douglas Scott McGregor
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Pulse Height ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Semiconductor Detectors ◽  
Fabrication Technique ◽  
Neutron Detectors ◽  
Efficiency Performance ◽  
Improved Performance

AbstractMicrostructured semiconductor neutron detectors have superior efficiency performance over thin-film coated planar semiconductor detectors. The microstructured detectors have patterns deeply etched into the semiconductor substrates subsequently backfilled with neutron reactive materials. The detectors operate as pn junction diodes. Two variations of the diodes have been fabricated, which either have a rectifying pn junction selectively formed around the etched microstructures or have pn junctions conformally diffused inside the microstructures. The devices with the pn junctions formed in the perforations have lower leakage currents and better signal formation than the devices with selective pn junctions around the etched patterns. Further, pulse height spectra from conformally diffused detectors have the main features predicted by theoretical models, whereas pulse height spectra from the selectively diffused detectors generally do not show these features. The improved performance of the conformal devices is attributed to stronger and more uniform electric fields in the detector active region. Also, system noise, which is directly related to leakage current, has been dramatically reduced as a result of the conformal diffusion fabrication technique. A sinusoidal patterned device with 100 μm deep perforations backfilled with 6LiF was determined to have 11.9 ± 0.078% intrinsic detection efficiency for 0.0253 eV neutrons, as calibrated with thin-film planar semiconductor devices and a 3He proportional counter.

An electron-rich 2-alkylthieno[3,4-b]thiophene building block with excellent electronic and morphological tunability for high-performance small-molecule solar cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (44) ◽  
pp. 17354-17362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengjie Xu ◽  
Zichun Zhou ◽  
Haijun Fan ◽  
Longbin Ren ◽  
Feng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Electronic Structure ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
Building Block ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Film Morphology ◽  
Donor And Acceptor

2-Alkylthieno[3,4-b]thiophene functions: to modulate electronic structure, to manipulate thin-film morphology, to link donor and acceptor moieties.

Morphology-performance relationships in polymer/fullerene blends probed by complementary characterisation techniques – effects of nanowire formation and subsequent thermal annealing

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (35) ◽  
pp. 9224-9232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong Soo Kim ◽  
Sebastian Wood ◽  
Safa Shoaee ◽  
Steve J. Spencer ◽  
Fernando A. Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Thermal Annealing ◽  
Organic Solar Cells ◽  
Film Morphology ◽  
Polymer Nanowires ◽  
Subsequent Thermal Annealing ◽  
Characterisation Techniques

Polymer nanowires are used to form organic solar cells, and the development of the thin film morphology during thermal annealing is characterised in detail.

scholarly journals High-Performance Ternary Organic Solar Cells Enabled by Synergizing Fullerene and Non-Fullerene Acceptors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Jiang ◽  
Xiaozhang Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Organic Solar Cells ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Device Performance ◽  
Film Morphology ◽  
Charge Dynamics

With the development of the non-fullerene acceptor (NFA), the use of ternary organic photovoltaic devices based on a fullerene acceptor and a NFA is now widespread, and the merits of both acceptor types can be fully utilized. However, the effective approach of enhancing device performance is adjusting the charge dynamics and the thin-film morphology of the active layer via introducing the second acceptor, which would significantly impact the open-circuit voltage, the short-circuit current, and the fill factor, thus strongly affecting device efficiency. The functions of the second acceptor in a ternary organic solar cell with a fullerene acceptor and a NFA are summarized here. These include a broader absorption spectrum; formation of a cascade energy level or energy transfer; modified thin-film morphology including phase separation, effects on crystallinity, size, and purity of domain; and vertical distribution along with improved charge dynamics like exciton dissociation and charge transport, collection, and recombination. Then, we discuss the hierarchical morphology in ternary solar cells may benefit device performance and the outlook of the ternary device.

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