Effect of Mechanical Loading Cycle Parameters on Crack Generation and Power Loss in PV Modules

The PV array generates smaller amount of the power compared with other electrical power generation components. There are many components that are adversely effected the output of PV array in such components, one is partial shading. Due to this, each module in PV array receives different solar irradiations causes different P-V characteristics of its peak values. This paper presents a pioneering method called as Magic Square configuration has been proposed to enhance the generated power of photovoltaic modules by configuring those are under affect of shade. Thus there is no change of electrical arrangement of PV modules in an array but only the objective location in the total cross tied (TCT) array is rearranged according to the magic square arrangement. Proposed paper gives comparison data with the conventional configuration method and hence the performance is calculated. The proposed technique provides a better solution that how shadow effect on the PV modules has been reduced and how this shadow is distributed, and not only that also gives an idea about how the inequality losses due to the partial shading is effectively reduced. The power loss of various configurations of 3X3 and 4X4 array has been compared. The proposed technique is validated through MATLAB/Simulink environment.

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Numerical Modeling, Simulation and Evaluation of Conventional and Hybrid Photovoltaic Modules Interconnection Configurations under Partial Shading Conditions

10.20944/preprints202110.0401.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Faisal Saeed ◽

Haider Ali Tauqeer ◽

Hasan Erteza Gelani ◽

Muhammad Hassan Yousuf

Keyword(s):

Power Loss ◽

Simulation Analysis ◽

Maximum Power ◽

Power Losses ◽

Partial Shading ◽

Power Characteristics ◽

Pv Array ◽

Pv Modules ◽

In Series ◽

Simulation And Evaluation

Partial shading on solar photovoltaic (PV) arrays is a prevalent problem in photovoltaic systems that impair the performance of PV modules and is responsible for reduced power output as compared to that in standard irradiance conditions thereby resulting in the appearance of multiple maximas on panel output power characteristics. These maxims contribute to mismatch power losses among PV modules. The mismatch losses depend on shading characteristics together with different interconnected configuration schemes of PV modules. The research presents a comparative analysis of partial shading effects on a 4 x4 PV array system connected in series(S), parallel (P), serries-parallel (SP),total-cross-tied (TCT),central-cross-tied(CCT),bridge-linked(BL),bridge-linked total cross-tied (BLTCT) ,honey-comb(HC), honey-comb total-cross-tied (HCTCT) and ladder (LD) configurations using MATLAB/Simulink. The PV module SPR-X20-250-BLK was used for modeling and simulation analysis. Each module is comprised of 72 number of PV cells and a combination of 16 PV modules was employed for the contextual analysis. Accurate mathematical modeling for the HCTCT configuration under partial shading conditions (PSCs) is provided for the first time and is verified from the simulation. The different configuration schemes were investigated under short-narrow,short-wide,long-narrow,long-wide, diagonal, entire row distribution, and entire column distribution partial shading condition patterns with mathematical implementation and simulation of passing clouds. The performance of array configurations is compared in terms of maximum power generated ), mismatch power loss (∆), relative power loss ) and the fill factor (FF). It was inferred that on average, TCT configuration yielded maximum power generation under all shading patterns among all PV modules interconnection configurations with minimum mismatch power losses followed by hybrid and conventional PV array configurations respectively.

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Performance Comparison of Mismatch Power Loss Minimization Techniques in Series-Parallel PV Array Configurations

Energies ◽

10.3390/en12050874 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 874 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Ahmed Mansur ◽

Md. Amin ◽

Kazi Islam

Keyword(s):

Output Power ◽

Power Loss ◽

Weather Condition ◽

Performance Comparison ◽

Array Configuration ◽

Pv Array ◽

Pv Modules ◽

In Series ◽

Simulation Results ◽

Array Output

The mismatch in current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of photovoltaic (PV) modules causes significant power loss in a large PV array, which is known as mismatch power loss (MML). The PV array output power generation can be improved by minimizing MML using different techniques. This paper investigates the performance of different module arrangement techniques to minimize MML both for long series string (LSS) and long parallel branch (LPB) in series-parallel (SP) array configurations at uniform irradiance condition. To investigate the significance of MML LSS-SP configuration with dimensions: 1 × 40, 2 × 20, 4 × 10, 5 × 8 and LPB-SP configuration with dimensions: 40 × 1, 20 × 2, 10 × 4, 8 × 5 were used. A comparative analysis is made to find the effectiveness of MML reduction techniques on PV arrays with three different power ratings. Simulation results show that the PV modules arrangement obtained by the genetic algorithm (GA) and current based arrangement (Im) performed better than the arrangements obtained by all other techniques in terms of PV array output power and MML minimization. The performance of the proposed technique was analyzed for both LSS-SP and LPB-SP array configurations in 400 W, 3400 W, and 9880 W arrays. To substantiate the simulation results experiment was performed using a 400 W PV array in outdoor weather condition and obtained similar results. It was also observed that the percentage of recoverable energy (%RE) obtained by arranging the modules using the GA method was higher than Im based method for both LSS-SP and LPB-SP array configurations. A maximum %RE of 4.159 % was recorded for a 5 × 8 LSS-SP array configuration by applying the GA based MML reduction method.

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Improving the Efficiency of Partially Shaded Photovoltaic Modules without Bypass Diodes

Electronics ◽

10.3390/electronics10091046 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 1046

Author(s):

Anas Al Tarabsheh ◽

Muhammad Akmal ◽

Mohammed Ghazal

Keyword(s):

Power Loss ◽

Output Current ◽

Partial Shading ◽

Photovoltaic Modules ◽

Pv Module ◽

Performance Reduction ◽

Mode 2 ◽

Pv Modules ◽

Connection Type ◽

Mode 3

Photovoltaic (PV) modules comprise bypass diodes to limit hotspot formation. However, they suffer from performance reduction in the presence of partial shading. This paper proposes external circuitry to control the connection type (series/parallel) of the PV cells through a pair of on/off switches resulting in three different operation modes. Mode 1 represents the typical 36 series-connected cells, while mode 2 represents two parallel-connected strings, and mode 3 maximizes the output current where the four strings are connected in parallel. The added values of the approach are that (1) the output current of the PV module can be increased without the need for a buck-boost converter and (2) the partial shading has less impact on the output power than the adoption of bypass diodes. This work shows that simulating three monocrystalline PV modules (120 W, 200 W, and 241 W), consisting of 36, 60, and 72 series-connected cells, lose about 74% when one cell has 80% shading in the absence of bypass diodes. The application of a bypass diode for each pair of strings in the PV module improves this decrease to 61.89%, 40.66%, and 39.47%, respectively. According to our proposed approach, this power loss can be significantly decreased to 19.59%, 50%, and 50.01% for the three PV modules, respectively, representing more than a 42% improvement compared to bypass diodes.

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