The Influences of Non-Volatile Surface Compound Layer on the Plasma Etching of Borosilicate Glass

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seungmok Lee ◽  
Masashi Hasegawa ◽  
Kazuhiro Nishizono
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Etching ◽  
Borosilicate Glass ◽  
Compound Layer ◽  
Surface Compound

SEGREGATION IN MULTICOMPONENT ALLOYS: ORDERED CrN AND CrC SURFACE PHASES ON A Fe-15%Cr-C, N(100) SINGLE CRYSTAL

1996 ◽  
Vol 03 (05n06) ◽  
pp. 1721-1731 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. UEBING ◽  
V. SCHEUCH ◽  
M. KISKINOVA ◽  
H. P. BONZEL
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Bulk Composition ◽  
Polar Angle ◽  
Compound Layer ◽  
Single Scattering ◽  
Forward Scattering ◽  
Surface Compound ◽  
Bcc Lattice ◽  
Rocksalt Structure ◽  
Surface Phases

In general the chemical composition of multicomponent alloy surfaces exhibits significant deviations from the bulk composition due to thermally activated segregation processes. Upon cosegregation epitaxially stabilized two-dimensional surface compounds are formed on substrate surfaces of suitable orientation, e.g. CrN on Fe-15%Cr-N(100) and CrC on Fe-15%Cr-C(100) . The important role of the epitaxial stabilization manifests itself by the fact that on Fe-15%Cr-C(100) crystals the formation of cubic CrC surface precipitates is possible upon nonequilibrium cosegregation of the constituent components. Such a chromium carbide with rocksalt structure is not stable in the bulk of bcc Fe-Cr-C alloys . Angle-resolved photoemission of Cr 2 p 3/2, N 1s and C 1s core level photoelectrons is used to determine the structure of the CrN surface compound and of the CrC surface precipitate on a Fe-15%Cr-C,N(100) single crystal. Both surface phases exhibit a sharp 1×1 LEED pattern. Polar angle intensity distributions of photoelectrons (x-ray photoelectron diffraction) are recorded in the [001] and [011] azimuths, respectively. For CrN the angular intensity distributions exhibit forward scattering peaks for Cr 2 p 3/2 but not for N 1s. Most likely, the CrN phase consists of a CrN compound layer with significant N outward relaxation of about 0.6 Å and a second completed Cr layer. Single scattering cluster (SSC) calculations indicate that the Cr-Cr interlayer distance is expanded by about 26% with respect to the bcc lattice. For CrC , on the other hand, Cr 2 p 3/2 and C 1s show both strong forward scattering features in all distributions. The CrC phase consists of at least three complete compound layers with NaCl structure.

The Effect of Relative Thickness on Microstructures of TiB2/TiC Particles Reinforced Carbon Steel Matrix Surface Composite

2014 ◽  
Vol 940 ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
Chang Qing Guo
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Compound Layer ◽  
Steel Matrix ◽  
Surface Compound ◽  
Relative Thickness ◽  
Surface Composite ◽  
High Temperature Synthesis ◽  
Matrix Surface ◽  
The Matrix

This paper introduces a process that combines a vacuum expandable pattern casting V-EPC with self-propagation high–temperature synthesis SHS of TiB2/TiC particles for fabricating the TiB2/TiC duplex particulates reinforced carbon steel matrix surface composite, and the effect of relative thickness δ on metallurgical quality and microstructures. FeTi-FeB-FeCr system with low cost is adopted as the SHS reactant. Experimental results show that with increasing δ, the surface composite is gradually formed and the metallurgical quality improved. The typical microstructures of the composite from surface to core are consisted of three different layers, i.e., the surface compound layer, the interim transitional layer and the carbon steel base. A certain amount of fineTiB2/TiC particles is distributed in the matrix of the surface compound layer.

scholarly journals Surface engineering of titanium by multi-interstitial diffusion using plasma processing

2020 ◽  
Vol 321 ◽  
pp. 11010
Author(s):  
M. Drouet ◽  
L. Pichon ◽  
J.B. Dubois ◽  
E. Le Bourhis ◽  
T. L. Christiansen
Keyword(s):  
Surface Engineering ◽  
Plasma Nitriding ◽  
Compound Layer ◽  
Case Depth ◽  
Surface Compound ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
High Specific Strength ◽  
Excellent Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Composition Profiles ◽  
Hardness Depth

Titanium and its alloys possess a range of highly interesting properties such as excellent corrosion resistance, high specific strength and biocompatibility, but suffers from poor wear resistance. The present work addresses plasma assisted surface treatment of CP 2 titanium using various combinations of oxygen and nitrogen, i.e. mixed interstitials. The sequence of controlled plasma nitriding and oxidizing treatments plays a significant role for the evolution of the hardness depth profiles and the development of the surface compound layer and the underlying diffusion/transition zone. Composition profiles of oxygen and nitrogen are obtained by GDOES; Mixed interstitial solubility of nitrogen and oxygen is found in both h.c.p. α titanium and in the compound layer. The combination of interstitials leads to larger case depth, in particular for the diffusion zone (expanded h.c.p. α titanium). Therefore, it highlights the advantages of combined nitriding and oxidizing compared to single nitriding treatments on the mechanical properties.

Deep NLD plasma etching of Fused Silica and Borosilicate Glass

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed J. Ahamed ◽  
Doruk Senkal ◽  
Alexander A. Trusov ◽  
Andrei M. Shkel
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Etching ◽  
Borosilicate Glass ◽  
Fused Silica

Fabrication & Microstructure of TiB2+TiC Duplex Particulates Reinforced Carbon Steel Matrix Surface Composite

2013 ◽  
Vol 575-576 ◽  
pp. 198-202
Author(s):  
Chang Qing Guo
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Uniform Distribution ◽  
Compound Layer ◽  
Steel Matrix ◽  
Surface Compound ◽  
Transitional Layer ◽  
Composite Matrix ◽  
Microstructural Investigation ◽  
Surface Composite ◽  
Matrix Surface

This paper presents a novel fabrication process that combines SHS with V-EPC (vacuum expandable pattern casting) and microstructural features of TiB2+TiC duplex particulates reinforced surface composite with carbon steel matrix. Macro structural observation shows that the surface composite is dense and there are no obvious defects. Microstructural investigation demonstrates that the composite from surface to core is consisted of three different layers, i.e., the top surface compound layer, the interim transitional layer and the bottom carbon steel matrix. A large amount of fine TiB2 and TiC duplex particles are evenly distributed in the composite matrix, while the concentration are significantly decreased and non-uniform distribution increased for these particles in the interim layer.

The Effect of Ferrous-Titanium Addition on Microstructure of TiB2+TiC Duplex Particles Reinforced Surface Composite with Carbon Steel Matrix

2013 ◽  
Vol 631-632 ◽  
pp. 476-480
Author(s):  
Chang Qin Guo ◽  
Wen Hua Han
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Uniform Distribution ◽  
Compound Layer ◽  
Steel Matrix ◽  
Surface Compound ◽  
Titanium Addition ◽  
Surface Composite

This paper presents a fabricating process and microstructural features of TiB2+TiC duplex particulates reinforced surface composite with carbon steel matrix. The effect of ferrous-titanium addition on microstructures is investigated and analyzed. The results showed that the surface compound layer do not exhibit at lower addition, but appear at higher addition. With increasing ferrous-titanium addition, the concentration and size of the synthesized particles at the surface compound layer are decreased, but the tendency of uniform distribution increased.

Cosegregation-Induced Epitaxial Growth of Two- and Three-Dimensional Compounds on Multicomponent Alloy Surfaces

1998 ◽  
Vol 528 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Clauberg ◽  
A. Dziakova ◽  
B. Eltester ◽  
L. Hammer ◽  
B. Hüning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epitaxial Growth ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Compound Layer ◽  
Alloy Surface ◽  
Surface Compound ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Single Crystal Surfaces ◽  
Chromium Nitrides ◽  
Rocksalt Structure

AbstractIn this contribution the cosegregation-induced epitaxial growth of two- and three-dimensional chromium nitrides on ferritic Fe-15%Cr-N(100) (CN = 30 wt-ppm) single crystal surfaces will be discussed. The two-dimensional CrN surface compound is stable between 600 and 720°C. From the (1 × 1) LEED pattern it is inferred that the surface compound is epitaxial to the bcc(100) alloy surface. XPD and LEED-IV investigations have revealed that this surface compound consists of a single CrN compound layer plus an additional subsurface chromium layer with a huge interlayer expansion between both layers. The CrN surface precipitate formed at temperatures T < 600°C is also epitaxially arranged on the bcc(100) substrate surface. Its structure corresponds to the rocksalt structure, i.e. the structure of the well-known bulk CrN. Starting from a sputter cleaned alloy surface the growth of the epitaxial CrN surface precipitate proceeds via the two-dimensional CrN surface nitride. After completion of this two-dimensional CrN layer the nucleation and growth of the three-dimensional CrN surface precipitate takes place.

The Effect of Different Tungsten-Containing Materials Addition on the Reinforcements in the Surface Compound Layer with Steel Substrate

2014 ◽  
Vol 651-653 ◽  
pp. 128-132
Author(s):  
Chang Qing Guo ◽  
Xiao Ping Liu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Compound Layer ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Surface Compound ◽  
Bearing Materials

The effect of different tungsten-bearing materials addition in a surface preform, such as Ni-base WC particles, ferrotungsten powders and casting WC particles, on the reinforcement phases at the surface compound layer with a carbon steel substrate is investigated under the condition of vacuum expandable pattern casting V-EPC. The microstructures and reinforcement phases are characterized by optical microscopy, SEM and EDS. Experimental results show that it is impossible to synthesize the independent WC particles in each condition. The tungsten-containing materials are all inclined to decompose during steel infiltration and the released tungsten elements tend to combine with carbon to form fish born-like or strip-like WC or W2C carbides and dissolve in other type of carbides and matrix.

scholarly journals Effect of Crystal Structure of Surface Compound Layer on Fatigue Strength of Nitrided SCM 435 Steel

2018 ◽  
Vol 104 (10) ◽  
pp. 594-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinichi Takagi ◽  
Yasuyuki Tonozuka ◽  
Norio Nakamura ◽  
Tsunenori Itou
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Fatigue Strength ◽  
Compound Layer ◽  
Surface Compound
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