scholarly journals Direct and indirect effects of shrub encroachment on alpine grasslands mediated by plant–flower visitor interactions

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 1521-1530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Lara‐Romero ◽  
Cristina García ◽  
Javier Morente‐López ◽  
José M. Iriondo
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Shrub Encroachment ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects ◽  
Alpine Grasslands ◽  
Flower Visitor ◽  
Plant Flower

Direct and indirect effects of dynamic social impact

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana M. Binder ◽  
Martin J. Bourgeois ◽  
Christine M. Shea Adams
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects

The Dark Side of Artificial Intelligence: Challenges for the Legal System

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Willem Gravett
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Work Practices ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects ◽  
Autonomous Machines ◽  
State Surveillance

The development of artificial intelligence has the potential to transform lives and work practices, raise efficiency, savings and safety levels, and provide enhanced levels of services. However, the current trend towards developing smart and autonomous machines with the capacity to be trained and make decisions independently holds not only economic advantages, but also a variety of concerns regarding their direct and indirect effects on society as a whole. This article examines some of these concerns, specifically in the areas of privacy and autonomy, state surveillance, and bias and algorithmic transparency. It concludes with an analysis of the challenges that the legal system faces in regulating the burgeoning field of artificial intelligence.

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