Temporal dynamics of nutrient uptake by neighbouring plant species: evidence from intercropping

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 469-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei‐Ping Zhang ◽  
Guang‐Cai Liu ◽  
Jian‐Hao Sun ◽  
Dario Fornara ◽  
Li‐Zhen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Neighbouring Plant

scholarly journals Root and Shoot Biomass Growth of Constructed Floating Wetlands Plants in Saline Environments

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oriana Sanicola ◽  
Terry Lucke ◽  
Michael Stewart ◽  
Katharina Tondera ◽  
Christopher Walker
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Biomass Growth ◽  
Saline Environments ◽  
Floating Wetlands ◽  
Root And Shoot Biomass

Constructed Floating Wetlands (CFWs) are increasingly being used globally in freshwater environments such as urban lakes and ponds to remove pollutants from urban stormwater runoff. However, to date there has been limited research into the use and performance of these systems in saline environments. This study compared the root and shoot biomass growth and nutrient uptake of five different plant species, Chrysopogon zizanioides, Baumea juncea, Isolepis nodosa, Phragmites australis and Sarcocornia quinqueflora, in three different saltwater treatments over a 12-week period. The aim of the study was to identify which of the plant species may be most suitable for use in CFWs in saline environments. Plant nutrient uptake testing revealed that Phragmites australis had the greatest percentage increase (1473–2477%) of Nitrogen mass in the shoots in all treatments. Sarcocornia quinqueflora also had impressive Nitrogen mass increase in saltwater showing an increase of 966% (0.208 ± 0.134 g). This suggests that the use of Phragmites australis and Sarcocornia quinqueflora plants in CFWs installed in saline water bodies, with regular harvesting of the shoot mass, may significantly reduce Nitrogen concentrations in the water. Isolepis nodosa had the greatest percentage increase (112% or 0.018 ± 0.020 g) of Phosphorous mass in the shoots in the saltwater treatment. Baumea juncea had the greatest percentage increase (315% or 0.026 ± 0.012 g) of Phosphorous mass in the roots in the saltwater treatment. This suggests that the use of Isolepis nodosa and Baumea juncea plants in CFWs installed in saline water bodies may significantly reduce Phosphorous concentrations in the water if there was a way to harvest both the shoots above and the roots below the CFWs. The study is continuing, and it is anticipated that more information will be available on CFW plants installed in saline environments in the near future.

scholarly journals Temporal dynamics of sexual dimorphism in a dioecious species

2020 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 471-480
Author(s):  
L Moquet ◽  
L Lateur ◽  
A-L Jacquemart ◽  
I De Cauwer ◽  
M Dufay
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Flower Size ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Floral Traits ◽  
Flower Number ◽  
Pollinator Behaviour ◽  
Flower Production ◽  
Flowering Season

Abstract Background and Aims Sexual dimorphism for floral traits is common in dioecious plant species. Beyond its significance for understanding how selection acts on plant traits through male vs. female reproductive function, sexual dimorphism has also been proposed as a possible risky characteristic for insect-pollinated plants, as it could drive pollinators to forage mostly on male plants. However, even though most flowering plant species spread their flowering across several weeks or months, the temporal variation of floral phenotypes and sexual dimorphism have rarely been investigated. Methods We performed a survey of male and female plants from the dioecious generalist-pollinated Silene dioica (Caryophyllaceae) in a common garden experiment, over two consecutive flowering seasons. Flower number and floral size were measured each week, as well as pollen quantity and viability in male plants. Key Results Sexual dimorphism was found for all investigated floral traits, with males showing an overall higher investment in flower production and flower size. Males and females showed a similar temporal decline in flower size. The temporal dynamics of daily flower number differed between sexes, with males showing a peak in the middle of their flowering season, whereas flower production by females was quite stable over time. At the scale of the experimental population, both individual and floral sex ratios appeared to vary across the flowering season. Moreover, because the onset of flowering varied among plants, the magnitude of sexual dimorphism in floral size also fluctuated strongly through time. Conclusions Capturing male/female differences with only one temporal measurement per population may not be informative. This opens stimulating questions about how pollinator behaviour and resulting pollination efficiency may vary across the flowering season.

Biomass accumulation and nutrient uptake of 16 riparian woody plant species in Northeast China

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 773-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Yu ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Xingyuan He ◽  
Zhouli Liu ◽  
Yanqing Huang
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Woody Plant Species

Seasonal Variation in Bee-Plant Interactions in an Inselberg in the Atlantic Forest in Southeastern Brazil

Sociobiology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelita França Marques ◽  
Mariana Scaramussa Deprá ◽  
Maria Cristina Gaglianone
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Interaction Network ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Floral Resources ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Plant Interactions ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Bee Plant

Studies on bee-plant interactions are relevant to the understanding of temporal patterns in neotropical communities. In isolated habitats such as inselbergs little is yet known about the temporal dynamics in the availability of fl oral resources and interacting bee. In the present study, the objective is to verify the eff ect of seasonality on the bee-plant interaction in an Atlantic Forest inselberg in southeastern Brazil. The bees were sampled monthly in the dry (April/2008-September/2008) and wet seasons (October/2008-March/2009) using an entomological net. A total of 322 bees of 33 species were captured on fl owers of 34 species of plants during the year. Bees richness was similar between seasons (22 species in the wet season and 21 in the dry season), but abundance was higher in the wet season (60% of individuals) and higher diversity occurred in the dry season. Augochloropsis sp1 were the most abundant species and visited the largest number of plant species at each season. In the interaction network, plants with the highest degree were distinct between the seasons. The number of possible interactions was higher in the dry season compared to the wet season and connectance was similar; nestedness however varied between the seasons. The composition of plant and bees species was distinct between the seasons, as well as the interactions between them, mainly due to the alteration in the composition of the plant species and the change in the choice of the bees for the floral resources between the seasons.

Responses of carbon and nitrogen concentrations in high arctic plants to experimental warming

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 711-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Tolvanen ◽  
Gregory HR Henry
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Ellesmere Island ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Dwarf Shrub ◽  
Dwarf Shrubs ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
Cassiope Tetragona ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations

We studied total carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) concentration in five arctic plant species, Cassiope tetragona (L.) D. Don (evergreen dwarf shrub), Dryas integrifolia Vahl (semi-evergreen dwarf-shrub), Salix arctica Pall. (deciduous, dioecious dwarf shrub), Oxyria digyna (L.) Hill (forb), and Carex stans Drej. (graminoid, sedge), after five growing seasons of experimental increase in temperature. The experiments were established in different habitats along a moisture gradient in a coastal lowland at Alexandra Fiord, Ellesmere Island (79ºN). Sampling was conducted three times during the growing season. The seasonal patterns of C and N concentration were similar across all investigated species, even though the absolute concentrations differed. Nitrogen concentrations were high early in the season during the active growth period but declined later in the season. Warming decreased the N concentration and increased the C/N ratio in the three woody species, whereas N concentrations in the forb and the sedge were not affected. Although not measured directly in our study, the differences in concentrations may be due to the slower response in nutrient uptake and growth in the dwarf shrubs but increased nutrient uptake and growth in the forb and the sedge. Among-site differences were only significant in C concentrations of old tissues of Cassiope tetragona and S. arctica. Male and female S. arctica did not differ in their responses to warming. Differences among plant species in their plastic responses may relate to survival during rapid environmental change. Slow-responding dwarf shrubs may be under increased risk of competition from more responsive and faster growing species, such as forbs and graminoids.Key words: allocation, climate change, dwarf shrub, forb, graminoid, ITEX, Ellesmere Island.

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