scholarly journals Evolution of size‐dependent intraspecific competition predicts body size scaling of metabolic rate

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Hin ◽  
André M. Roos
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Intraspecific Competition ◽  
Size Dependent ◽  
Size Scaling

Body-size scaling of metabolic rate in the trilobite Eldredgeops rana

Paleobiology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas S. Glazier ◽  
Matthew G. Powell ◽  
Travis J. Deptola
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cell Multiplication ◽  
Compound Eyes ◽  
Metabolic Scaling ◽  
Size Scaling ◽  
Size Model ◽  
Facet Size

We infer the body-size scaling slope of metabolic rate in a trilobite by applying a cell-size model that has been proposed to explain metabolic scaling in living organisms. This application is especially tractable in fossil arthropods with well-preserved compound eyes because the number and size of eye facets appear to be useful proxies for the relative number and size of cells in the body. As a case study, we examined the ontogenetic scaling of facet size and number in a ∼390-Myr-old local assemblage of the trilobite Eldredgeops rana, which has well-preserved compound eyes and a wide body-size range. Growth in total eye lens area resulted from increases in both facet area and number in relatively small (presumably young) specimens, but only from increases in facet area in large (presumably more mature) specimens. These results suggest that early growth in E. rana involved both cell multiplication and enlargement, whereas later growth involved only cell enlargement. If the cell-size model is correct, then metabolic rate scaled allometrically in E. rana, and the scaling slope of log metabolic rate versus log body mass decreased from ∼0.85 to 0.63 as these animals grew. This inferred age-specific change in metabolic scaling is consistent with similar changes frequently observed in living animals. Additional preliminary analyses of literature data on other trilobites also suggest that the metabolic scaling slope was <1 in benthic species, but ∼1 in pelagic species, as has also been observed in living invertebrates. The eye-facet size (EFS) method featured here opens up new possibilities for examining the bioenergetic allometry of extinct arthropods.

scholarly journals Author response: Body size-dependent energy storage causes Kleiber’s law scaling of the metabolic rate in planarians

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Thommen ◽  
Steffen Werner ◽  
Olga Frank ◽  
Jenny Philipp ◽  
Oskar Knittelfelder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Author Response ◽  
Size Dependent ◽  
Kleiber’S Law

scholarly journals Body size-dependent energy storage causes Kleiber’s law scaling of the metabolic rate in planarians

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jochen C. Rink ◽  
Albert Thommen ◽  
Steffen Werner ◽  
Olga Frank ◽  
Jenny Philipp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Scaling Law ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Size Dependent ◽  
Adult Body ◽  
Kleiber’S Law

AbstractKleiber’s law, or the ¾-power law scaling of the metabolic rate with body mass, is considered one of the few quantitative laws in biology, yet its physiological basis remains unknown. Here, we report Kleiber’s law scaling in the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea. Its reversible and life history-independent changes in adult body size over 2 orders of magnitude reveal that Kleiber’s law does not emerge from the size-dependent decrease in cellular metabolic rate, but from a size-dependent increase in mass per cell. Through a combination of experiment and theoretical analysis of the organismal energy balance, we further show that the mass allometry is caused by body size dependent energy storage. Our results reveal the physiological origins of Kleiber’s law in planarians and thus have general implications for understanding a fundamental scaling law in biology.

scholarly journals Body size-dependent energy storage causes Kleiber’s law scaling of the metabolic rate in planarians

eLife ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Thommen ◽  
Steffen Werner ◽  
Olga Frank ◽  
Jenny Philipp ◽  
Oskar Knittelfelder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Scaling Law ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Size Dependent ◽  
Adult Body Mass ◽  
Adult Body ◽  
Kleiber’S Law

Kleiber’s law, or the 3/4 -power law scaling of the metabolic rate with body mass, is considered one of the few quantitative laws in biology, yet its physiological basis remains unknown. Here, we report Kleiber’s law scaling in the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea. Its reversible and life history-independent changes in adult body mass over 3 orders of magnitude reveal that Kleiber’s law does not emerge from the size-dependent decrease in cellular metabolic rate, but from a size-dependent increase in mass per cell. Through a combination of experiment and theoretical analysis of the organismal energy balance, we further show that the mass allometry is caused by body size dependent energy storage. Our results reveal the physiological origins of Kleiber’s law in planarians and have general implications for understanding a fundamental scaling law in biology.

Body size-dependent Cd accumulation in the zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha from different routes

Chemosphere ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 168 ◽  
pp. 825-831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Li Tang ◽  
Douglas Evans ◽  
Lisa Kraemer ◽  
Huan Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Zebra Mussel ◽  
Dreissena Polymorpha ◽  
Cd Accumulation ◽  
Size Dependent

scholarly journals Changes in body temperature influence the scaling of and aerobic scope in mammals

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
James F Gillooly ◽  
Andrew P Allen
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Size Dependence ◽  
Maximal Activity ◽  
Scaling Exponent ◽  
Temperature Influence ◽  
Aerobic Scope ◽  
Metabolic Scope ◽  
Single Power ◽  
Maximum Metabolic Rate

Debate on the mechanism(s) responsible for the scaling of metabolic rate with body size in mammals has focused on why the maximum metabolic rate ( ) appears to scale more steeply with body size than the basal metabolic rate (BMR). Consequently, metabolic scope, defined as /BMR, systematically increases with body size. These observations have led some to suggest that and BMR are controlled by fundamentally different processes, and to discount the generality of models that predict a single power-law scaling exponent for the size dependence of the metabolic rate. We present a model that predicts a steeper size dependence for than BMR based on the observation that changes in muscle temperature from rest to maximal activity are greater in larger mammals. Empirical data support the model's prediction. This model thus provides a potential theoretical and mechanistic link between BMR and .

An ecological explanation for hyperallometric scaling of reproduction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomos Potter ◽  
Anja Felmy
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Reproductive Output ◽  
Resource Competition ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Scaling Exponent ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Size Dependent ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractIn wild populations, large individuals have disproportionately higher reproductive output than smaller individuals. We suggest an ecological explanation for this observation: asymmetry within populations in rates of resource assimilation, where greater assimilation causes both increased reproduction and body size. We assessed how the relationship between size and reproduction differs between wild and lab-reared Trinidadian guppies. We show that (i) reproduction increased disproportionately with body size in the wild but not in the lab, where effects of resource competition were eliminated; (ii) in the wild, the scaling exponent was greatest during the wet season, when resource competition is strongest; and (iii) detection of hyperallometric scaling of reproduction is inevitable if individual differences in assimilation are ignored. We propose that variation among individuals in assimilation – caused by size-dependent resource competition, niche expansion, and chance – can explain patterns of hyperallometric scaling of reproduction in natural populations.

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