Spillover effects in public healthcare expenditure in Sub‐Saharan Africa: A spatial panel analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamiil Jeetoo
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Expenditure ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Panel Analysis ◽  
Spatial Panel ◽  
Sub Saharan

scholarly journals Spatio-Temporal Distribution, Spillover Effects and Influences of China’s Two Levels of Public Healthcare Resources

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueqian Song ◽  
Yongping Wei ◽  
Wei Deng ◽  
Shaoyao Zhang ◽  
Peng Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Healthcare Expenditure ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Healthcare Resources ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Main Determinants

In China, upper-level healthcare (ULHC) and lower-level healthcare (LLHC) provide different public medical and health services. Only when these two levels of healthcare resources are distributed equally and synergistically can the public’s demands for healthcare be met fairly. Despite a number of previous studies having analysed the spatial distribution of healthcare and its determinants, few have evaluated the differences in spatial equity between ULHC and LLHC and investigated their institutional, geographical and socioeconomic influences and spillover effects. This study aims to bridge this gap by analysing panel data on the two levels of healthcare resources in 31 Chinese provinces covering the period 2003–2015 using Moran’s I models and dynamic spatial Durbin panel models (DSDMs). The results indicate that, over the study period, although both levels of healthcare resources improved considerably in all regions, spatial disparities were large. The spatio-temporal characteristics of ULHC and LLHC differed, although both levels were relatively low to the north-west of the Hu Huanyong Line. DSDM analysis revealed direct and indirect effects at both short-and long-term scales for both levels of healthcare resources. Meanwhile, the influencing factors had different impacts on the different levels of healthcare resources. In general, long-term effects were greater for ULHC and short-term effects were greater for LLHC. The spillover effects of ULHC were more significant than those of LLHC. More specifically, industrial structure, traffic accessibility, government expenditure and family healthcare expenditure were the main determinants of ULHC, while industrial structure, urbanisation, topography, traffic accessibility, government expenditure and family healthcare expenditure were the main determinants of LLHC. These findings have important implications for policymakers seeking to optimize the availability of the two levels of healthcare resources.

Dynamic inference of healthcare expenditure on economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa: a dynamic heterogenous panel data analysis

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Idris Abdullahi Abdulqadir ◽  
Bello Malam Sa'idu ◽  
Ibrahim Muhammad Adam ◽  
Fatima Binta Haruna ◽  
Mustapha Adamu Zubairu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Healthcare Expenditure ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Marginal Effect ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Interaction Terms ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThis article investigates the dynamic implication of healthcare expenditure on economic growth in the selected ten Sub-Saharan African countries over the period 2000–2018.Design/methodology/approachThe study methodology included dynamic heterogenous panel, using mean group and pooled mean group estimators. The investigation of the healthcare expenditure and economic growth nexus was achieved while controlling the effects of investment, savings, labor force and life expectancy via interaction terms.FindingsThe results from linear healthcare expenditure have a significant positive impact on economic growth, while the nonlinear estimates through the interaction terms between healthcare expenditure and investment have a negative statistically significant impact on growth. The marginal effect of healthcare expenditure evaluated at the minimum and maximum level of investment is positive, suggesting the impact of health expenditure on growth does not vary with the level of investments. This result responds to the primary objective of the article.Research limitations/implicationsIn policy terms, the impact of investment on healthcare is essential to addressing future health crises. The impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can never be separated from the shortages or low prioritization of health against other sectors of the economy. The article also provides an insight to policymakers on the demand for policy reform that will boost and make the health sector attractive to both domestic and foreign direct investment.Originality/valueGiven the vulnerability of SSA to the health crisis, there are limited studies to examine this phenomenon and first to address the needed investment priorities to the health sector infrastructure in SSA.

scholarly journals Profile, perceptions and future expectations of medical laboratory scientists in Namibia

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce H. Noden ◽  
Vincent Nowaseb ◽  
Cornelia De Waal-Miller ◽  
Berta E. Van der Colf
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Medical Laboratory ◽  
Biomedical Science ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Future Expectations ◽  
Science Degree ◽  
The Future ◽  
Trained Staff ◽  
Sub Saharan

Background: Public healthcare systems in sub-Saharan Africa are challenged by healthcare worker shortages, loss of trained staff and attrition to the private sector. Studies have historically focused on medical doctors, nurses and pharmacists, with limited focus on medical laboratory scientists.Objectives: This study addresses the professional perspectives and expectations of the first two classes of biomedical science students, who graduated from the Polytechnic of Namibiain 2012 and 2013.Methods: A questionnaire was developed to capture qualitative and quantitative data from fourth-year students completing their final semester. Data collected included: demographic information; students’ experience; professional expectations; and perceptions about the future of biomedical science education in Namibia.Results: Amongst the 42 of 45 enrolled students who completed the questionnaire, nearly two-thirds anticipated working in government hospitals (29%) or industry (35%), with fewer planning careers in private hospitals (12%) or academia (14%). Most expressed an interest inworking abroad (64%) and/or in the capital (64%), with fewer interested in small urban areas (48%). Only 7% expressed interest in working in a rural area. Regarding their view of the future of biomedical science in Namibia, 38% responded that it was encouraging, whereas therest responded that it was uncertain (52%), negative (2%) or unknown (7%).Conclusion: Members of the first graduating classes of Namibia’s nascent Biomedical Science degree programme reported a perceived lack of opportunity for professional advancement in the field if they remained in Namibia. Continued thought needs to be given to develop sustainable strategies and opportunities to retain Namibian biomedical laboratory scientists in Namibia.

scholarly journals A Metacoupling Framework for Exploring Transboundary Watershed Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1879
Author(s):  
Leandra Merz ◽  
Di Yang ◽  
Vanessa Hull
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Holistic Management ◽  
Transboundary Watersheds ◽  
Detailed Assessment ◽  
Sub Saharan

Water is crucial for ecosystem health and socioeconomic development, but water scarcity is becoming a global concern. Management of transboundary watersheds is inherently challenging and has the potential to lead to conflict over the allocation of water resources. The metacoupling framework, which explores the relationships between coupled human and natural systems that are nested within multiple different scales, has been proposed to inform more holistic management of transboundary watersheds. This paper provides the first attempt to apply a metacoupling framework to a transboundary watershed for an improved integrated understanding of this complex system at multiple spatial scales. It does so with the transnational Limpopo River watershed in Southern Africa, which covers 1.3% of the continent and supports the livelihoods of 18.8 million people living in Botswana, Mozambique, South Africa, and Zimbabwe. Sub-Saharan Africa is experiencing a growing gap between water availability and demand; the primary drivers are population growth and agriculture expansion. The novelty of the paper is outlining the importance of applying a metacoupling framework to transboundary watersheds, identifying the limitations to this application, and providing a detailed assessment of the steps needed to complete this application. We also identify directions for future research including application of a metacoupling framework to other transboundary watersheds and exploration of spillover effects and externalities within this and other transboundary watersheds.

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