scholarly journals Current barriers and potential strategies to increase the use of long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) to reduce the rate of unintended pregnancies in Australia: An expert roundtable discussion

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Mazza ◽  
Deborah Bateson ◽  
Meredith Frearson ◽  
Philip Goldstone ◽  
Gab Kovacs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Roundtable Discussion ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Long Acting

scholarly journals Retrospective Analysis of the Effectiveness and Reversibility of Long-Acting Contraception Etonogestrel (Implanon®) in Common Marmosets (Callithrix jacchus)

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 963
Author(s):  
Sandra Roubos ◽  
Annet L. Louwerse ◽  
Jan A. M. Langermans ◽  
Jaco Bakker
Keyword(s):  
Control Method ◽  
Population Control ◽  
Callithrix Jacchus ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Primate Research ◽  
Common Marmosets ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Colony Management ◽  
Long Acting

Contraception is an important population control method for the colony management of primates housed in captivity. Etonogestrel (ENG) implants (i.e., Implanon®) are a widely used progestin-based contraceptive in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) with the theoretical advantages of being reversible and long-acting. However, no dose and efficacy data are available yet. Therefore, data from 52 adult female marmosets contracepted with ENG (one-fourth or one-third of an implant) housed at the Biomedical Primate Research Centre (BPRC, Rijswijk, The Netherlands) over the past 18 years were analyzed. Using an electronic database, a retrospective longitudinal cohort study was conducted to calculate the reproductive data before, during and after ENG use. The data show an effectiveness in preventing pregnancy of 99%. The implant was effective within one week after insertion. Unintended pregnancies did occur, but in 60% of these cases, the animals were already pregnant at the time of implant insertion. In these cases, healthy offspring were born despite the use of the implant. No stillbirths, neonatal deaths or maternal deaths could be linked to ENG use. After implant removal, 83% of the animals delivered healthy offspring. No difference in contraception efficacy was observed between the use of one-fourth or one-third of an implant. ENG achieved a contraceptive protection exceeding 99% and was shown to be reversible concerning fertility. To our knowledge, this is the first detailed analysis on the use of ENG in marmosets.

scholarly journals Use of Model-Informed Drug Development to Streamline Development of Long-Acting Products: Can These Successes Be Translated to Long-Acting Hormonal Contraceptives?

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 745-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Li ◽  
Doanh Tran ◽  
Hao Zhu ◽  
Praveen Balimane ◽  
Gerald Willett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hormonal Contraceptives ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Exposure Response ◽  
The Us ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Long Acting Contraceptives ◽  
Conceptual Translation

Long-acting contraceptives are the most effective reversible contraceptive methods. Increasing patients’ access to these contraceptives may translate into fewer unintended pregnancies and lead to substantial individual and public health benefits. However, development of long-acting products can be complex and challenging. This review provides ( a) an overview of representative development programs for long-acting antipsychotics as cases for conceptual translation to long-acting contraceptives, ( b) several case examples on how modeling and simulation have been used to streamline the development of long-acting products, and ( c) examples of challenges andopportunities in developing long-acting contraceptives and information on how exposure-response relationships of commonly used progestins may enable regulators and developers to rely on prior findings of effectiveness and safety from an approved contraceptive to streamline the development of long-acting contraceptives. The US Food and Drug Administration is seeking assistance from stakeholders to provide data from studies in which pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic or clinical outcomes of hormonal contraceptives were evaluated and not previously submitted.

scholarly journals Improving Access to Long-Acting Contraceptive Methods and Reducing Unplanned Pregnancy among Women with Substance Use Disorders

2016 ◽  
Vol 10s1 ◽  
pp. SART.S34555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten I. Black ◽  
Carolyn A. Day
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Unplanned Pregnancy ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Long Acting Reversible Contraceptive ◽  
Access To Contraception

Much has been written about the consequences of substance use in pregnancy, but there has been far less focus on the prevention of unintended pregnancies in women with substance use disorders (SUDs). We examine the literature on pregnancy incidence for women with SUDs, the clinical and economic benefits of increasing access to long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) methods in this population, and the current hurdles to increased access and uptake. High rates of unintended pregnancies and poor physical and psychosocial outcomes among women with SUDs underscore the need for increased access to, and uptake of, LARC methods among these women. A small number of studies that focused on improving access to contraception, especially LARC, via integrated contraception services predominantly provided in drug treatment programs were identified. However, a number of barriers remain, highlighting that much more research is needed in this area.

scholarly journals Knowledge and factors influencing long acting reversible contraceptive use among women of reproductive age in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Obasanjo Afolabi Bolarinwa ◽  
Olalekan Seun Olagunju
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Long Acting Reversible Contraceptive

Background: Over a month when contraception is used, approximately 48% of unintended pregnancies occur as a result of human error, which is largely due to incorrect use, poor adherence and/or technology failure. Long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) methods have been developed to bridge this gap because it’s not dependent on compliance with a pill-taking regimen; remembering to change patch or ring; or fixing an appointment with physicians. The main aim of this study is to examine the characteristics of women associated with use of LARC and also to examine the relationship between knowledge of LARC and its current use. Methods: This study assessed the PMA2020 secondary dataset using female datasets from PMA 2016 (Round 3) exercise. PMA 2016 was a survey carried out in seven states of Nigeria. The target population for this study was women of reproductive age (15-49 years) currently using any method of contraception prior to the survey. The weighted sample size of women meeting inclusion criteria in this study is 1927. The data were analyzed using frequency distribution, chi-square and logistic regression. Results: The results showed that 21.0% of women were using traditional methods. Concerning LARC methods, the table showed that 14.8% of the sampled women were using LARC methods. Findings further revealed that at both levels of analysis there is a significant relationship (P<0.05 and P=0.00 for binary and multivariable logistic regression, respectively) between knowledge of LARCs and uses in this study. This means that the use of LARC is being influenced by its knowledge among women of reproductive age in Nigeria. Conclusions: This study concludes that 14.8% of women using any methods of contraceptive were using LARC. Additionally, after controlling for other confounding factors, level of education, age of women, household wealth and number of living children were significantly associated with using LARC.

scholarly journals Knowledge and factors influencing long acting reversible contraceptive use among women of reproductive age in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Obasanjo Afolabi Bolarinwa ◽  
Olalekan Seun Olagunju
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Long Acting Reversible Contraceptive

Background: Approximately 48% of unintended pregnancies occur as a result of contraceptive failure around the world, which is largely due to incorrect use, poor adherence and/or technology failure. Long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) methods have been developed to close this gap because it’s not dependent on compliance with a pill-taking regimen; remembering to change patch or ring; or fixing an appointment with physicians. The main aim of this study is to identify the factors influencing the women associated with use of LARC and to examine the relationship between knowledge of LARC and its current use. Methods: This study assessed the PMA2020 methodology and secondary dataset using female datasets from PMA 2016 (Round 3) exercise. PMA 2016 was a survey carried out in seven states of Nigeria. The target population for this study was women of reproductive age (15-49 years) currently using contraception prior to the survey. The sample size of women meeting inclusion criteria in this study was 1927. The data were analyzed using frequency distribution, chi-square and logistic regression at 5% level of significant. Results: The results showed that 21.0% of women were using traditional methods. Concerning LARC methods, the table showed that 14.8% of the sampled women were using LARC methods. Findings further showed that at both levels of analyses there is a significant relationship (P<0.05 and P=0.00 for binary and multivariable logistic regression, respectively) between knowledge of LARCs and uses in this study. This means that knowledge of LARC & other socio-demographic variables among women of reproductive age in Nigeria can influence the use of it. Conclusions: From the result of the study we concluded that 14.8% of women using contraception were using LARC. Additionally, level of education, age of women, household wealth and number of living children were significantly associated with using LARC.

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