Impaired Cardiac Autonomic Functions in Apparently Healthy Subjects with Vitamin D Deficiency

Despite being a tropical country, vitamin D deficiency is common in Singapore. All young Singaporean males between the age of 18 and 21 years have to undergo mandatory military service. Stress fractures occur in military recruits, and risk factors include a sudden increase in physical activity and vitamin D deficiency. We report the bone histomorphometry findings from a case of bilateral tibial stress fractures in an 18-year-old military recruit who had vitamin D deficiency. The histomorphometry showed a mixed osteomalacia and osteoporosis pattern. This case is unique as it shows that stress fractures from a marching exercise can occur in apparently healthy well young man with vitamin D deficiency despite living in a tropical country.

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The effect of daily consumption of different doses of fortified Lavash bread versus plain bread on serum vitamin-D status, body composition, metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers, and gut microbiota in apparently healthy adult: study protocol of a randomized clinical trial

Trials ◽

10.1186/s13063-019-3852-z ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hadith Tangestani ◽

Kurosh Djafarian ◽

Sakineh Shab-Bidar

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Body Composition ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Microbiota Composition ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Apparently Healthy

Abstract Background Due to the high prevalence of vitamin-D deficiency worldwide and its health consequences, intervention studies at the community level are warranted. The present study has been conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of vitamin-D-fortified bread on serum vitamin-D levels, inflammatory and metabolic biomarkers, and gut microbiota composition in vitamin-D-deficient individuals. Methods/design A double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial is conducted on apparently healthy individuals with vitamin-D deficiency. The random allocation is done to divide participants into intervention groups including daily intake of vitamin-D-3-fortified bread (FB) with 500 IU/100 g bread (n = 30), FB with 1000 IU/100 g bread (n = 30), and 100 g plain bread (PD) (n = 30). At baseline and after 3 months of the intervention period, blood, stool, and urine samples are taken. Anthropometric measures, body composition, blood pressure, and dietary assessment are made. The gut microbiome composition is measured by the 16S rRNA approach. Data is analyzed by SPSS software version 21. Discussion This study may partly explain for the first time the conflicting results from recent critical and systematic reviews regarding the role of vitamin D in microbiota composition. Trial registration Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT), ID: IRCT20170812035642N3. Registered on 11 March 2018; http://www.irct.ir/user/trial/28134/view.

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Body weight and waist circumference as predictors of vitamin D deficiency in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease

Vojnosanitetski pregled ◽

10.2298/vsp110713035k ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 70 (2) ◽

pp. 163-169 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Sreten Kavaric ◽

Milica Vuksanovic ◽

Dragica Bozovic ◽

Marko Jovanovic ◽

Veljko Jeremic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Metabolic Parameters ◽

Sufficient Evidence ◽

Severe Vitamin ◽

Vitamin D Levels

Background/Aim. Vitamin D deficiency is a well-established risk factor for bone disease, but emerging data suggest that altered vitamin D homeostasis may play a role in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), dyslipidemia hypertension, and other cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients with T2DM with/without CVD, to correlate it with anthropometric and metabolic parameters and to determine the predictors of vitamin D deficiency. Methods. A total of 88 patients with T2DM (49 male/39 female, aged 61.0 ? 0.9 yrs, body mass index (BMI) 29.9 ? 0.4 kg/m2) and 67 patients (44 male/23 female, aged 63.6 ? 1.0 yrs, BMI 29.2 ? 0.5 kg/m2) with T2DM and CVD (myocardial infarction in 57 patients and angina pectoris in 10 patients) were included in this study. These patients were compared with 87 healthy subjects (35 male/52 female, aged 52.8 ? 1.4 yrs, BMI 27.2 ? 0.5 kg/m2). Weight, height, waist circumference and BMI were recorded in all patients. Also, total cholesterol, triglycerides, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and 25-hydroxy-vitamin D [25(OH)D] levels were measured in all. According to 25(OH)D level, all subjects were divided into three categories: severe vitamin D deficiency (? 15 ng/mL), vitamin D insufficiency (15-20 ng/mL) and vitamin D sufficiency (20 ng/mL). We correlated vitamin D levels with anthropometric and metabolic status and determined the predictors of vitamin D deficiency. Results. Severe vitamin D deficiency was registered in 16.1% healthy subjects, in 21.6% patients with T2DM and in 26.9% patients with T2DM and CVD. Patients with T2DM who were vitamin D deficient had increased weight, waist circumference, cholesterol and triglyceride levels when compared with patients with T2DM who had sufficient vitamin D level. 25(OH)D levels correlated with BMI and waist circumference in all subjects, but did not correlate with metabolic parameters (lipids, HbA1c). The best predictors of vitamin D level in all subjects were weight, waist circumference and BMI. Conclusion. The high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients with T2DM and particularly in patients with T2DM and CVD suggests that supplementation with vitamin D may be beneficial although there is still not sufficient evidence for recommending prescribing vitamin D.

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