scholarly journals Patterns of genetic variation in European plant species depend on altitude

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-163
Author(s):  
Christoph Reisch ◽  
Sergey Rosbakh
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Plant Species

scholarly journals Conservation genetics of the threatened plant species Physaria filiformis (Missouri bladderpod) reveals strong genetic structure and a possible cryptic species

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0247586
Author(s):  
Christine E. Edwards ◽  
Brooke C. Tessier ◽  
Joel F. Swift ◽  
Burgund Bassüner ◽  
Alexander G. Linan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Genetic Drift ◽  
Rare Species ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Ouachita Mountains ◽  
Genetic Diversity And Structure ◽  
Genetic Clusters

Understanding genetic diversity and structure in a rare species is critical for prioritizing both in situ and ex situ conservation efforts. One such rare species is Physaria filiformis (Brassicaceae), a threatened, winter annual plant species. The species has a naturally fragmented distribution, occupying three different soil types spread across four disjunct geographical locations in Missouri and Arkansas. The goals of this study were to understand: (1) whether factors associated with fragmentation and small population size (i.e., inbreeding, genetic drift or genetic bottlenecks) have reduced levels of genetic diversity, (2) how genetic variation is structured and which factors have influenced genetic structure, and (3) how much extant genetic variation of P. filiformis is currently publicly protected and the implications for the development of conservation strategies to protect its genetic diversity. Using 16 microsatellite markers, we genotyped individuals from 20 populations of P. filiformis from across its geographical range and one population of Physaria gracilis for comparison and analyzed genetic diversity and structure. Populations of P. filiformis showed comparable levels of genetic diversity to its congener, except a single population in northwest Arkansas showed evidence of a genetic bottleneck and two populations in the Ouachita Mountains of Arkansas showed lower genetic variation, consistent with genetic drift. Populations showed isolation by distance, indicating that migration is geographically limited, and analyses of genetic structure grouped individuals into seven geographically structured genetic clusters, with geographic location/spatial separation showing a strong influence on genetic structure. At least one population is protected for all genetic clusters except one in north-central Arkansas, which should therefore be prioritized for protection. Populations in the Ouachita Mountains were genetically divergent from the rest of P. filiformis; future morphological analyses are needed to identify whether it merits recognition as a new, extremely rare species.

scholarly journals Interpretation of patterns of genetic variation in endemic plant species of oceanic islands

2013 ◽  
Vol 174 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tod F. Stuessy ◽  
Koji Takayama ◽  
Patricio López-Sepúlveda ◽  
Daniel J. Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Oceanic Islands ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Endemic Plant Species

scholarly journals Correcting Pervasive Errors in Genotypic Datasets to Develop Genetic Maps

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Sadal Hwang ◽  
Tong Geon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Genetic Linkage Map ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Stepwise Procedure ◽  
Mapping Populations

Genetic mapping studies provide improved estimates for novel genomic loci, allelic effects and gene action controlling important traits. Such mapping studies are regularly performed by using a combination of genotypic data (e.g., genotyping markers tagging genetic variation within populations) and phenotypic data of appropriately structured mapping populations. Randomly obtained DNA information and more recent high-throughput genome sequencing efforts have dramatically increased the ability to obtain genetic markers for any plant species. Despite the presence of constantly and rapidly increasing genotypic data, necessary steps to determine whether specific markers can be associated with genetic variation may often be initially neglected, meaning that ever-growing genotypic markers do not necessarily maximize the power of mapping studies and often generate false results. To address this issue, we present a framework for analyzing genotypic data while developing a genetic linkage map. Our goal is to raise awareness of a stepwise procedure in the development of genetic maps as well as to outline the current and potential contribution of this procedure to minimize bias caused by errors in genotypic datasets. Empirical results obtained from the R/qtl package for the statistical language/software R are prepared with details of how we handled genotypic data to develop the genetic map of a major plant species. This study provides a stepwise procedure to correct pervasive errors in genotypic data while developing genetic maps. For use in custom follow-up studies, we provide input files and written R codes.

Genetic Variation in Three Native Plant Species across the State of Minnesota

Crop Science ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 2379-2389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristine M. Moncada ◽  
Nancy J. Ehlke ◽  
Gary J. Muehlbauer ◽  
Craig C. Sheaffer ◽  
Donald L. Wyse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
The State ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Native Plant Species

High levels of genetic variation in populations of four dominant aridland plant species in Arizona

1994 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
William S.F. Schuster ◽  
Darren R. Sandquist ◽  
Susan L. Phillips ◽  
James R. Ehleringer
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Plant Species

scholarly journals Potassium Use Efficiency of Plants

2020 ◽  
pp. 119-145
Author(s):  
Philip J. White ◽  
Michael J. Bell ◽  
Ivica Djalovic ◽  
Philippe Hinsinger ◽  
Zed Rengel
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Nonrenewable Resources ◽  
K Fertilizer ◽  
Potassium Use Efficiency ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
K Concentration ◽  
Anatomical Adaptation

AbstractThere are many terms used to define aspects of potassium (K) use efficiency of plants. The terms used most frequently in an agricultural context are (1) agronomic K use efficiency (KUE), which is defined as yield per unit K available to a crop and is numerically equal to the product of (2) the K uptake efficiency (KUpE) of the crop, which is defined as crop K content per unit K available and (3) its K utilization efficiency (KUtE), which is defined as yield per unit crop K content. There is considerable genetic variation between and within plant species in KUE, KUpE, and KUtE. Root systems of genotypes with greatest KUpE often have an ability (1) to exploit the soil volume effectively, (2) to manipulate the rhizosphere to release nonexchangeable K from soil, and (3) to take up K at low rhizosphere K concentrations. Genotypes with greatest KUtE have the ability (1) to redistribute K from older to younger tissues to maintain growth and photosynthesis and (2) to reduce vacuolar K concentration, while maintaining an appropriate K concentration in metabolically active subcellular compartments, either by anatomical adaptation or by greater substitution of K with other solutes in the vacuole. Genetic variation in traits related to KUpE and KUtE might be exploited in breeding crop genotypes that require less K fertilizer. This could reduce fertilizer costs, protect the environment, and slow the exhaustion of nonrenewable resources.

scholarly journals Genetic Variation of the Host Plant Species Matters for Interactions with Above- and Belowground Herbivores

Insects ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 651-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh Kafle ◽  
Andrea Krähmer ◽  
Annette Naumann ◽  
Susanne Wurst
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Host Plant Species
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