Apolipoprotein D and transthyretin are reduced in female adolescent offspring of women with type 1 diabetes: the EPICOM study

Abstract Background: Recent research indicates that patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are at higher risk for disordered eating behaviors (DEBs) than their peers without diabetes. The present study aimed at examining the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on DEBs in a sample of Italian children and adolescents with T1D and in matched-pair healthy controls.Methods: 138 children and adolescents with T1D (aged 8.01-19.11 years, 65 boys) attending a Southern Italian diabetic service and 276 age- and gender-matched healthy peers voluntarily completed a cross-sectional online survey of eating behaviors (ChEAT and Eat-26), anthropometric characteristics, and clinical characteristics. Results: 8.69% (N=12) of participants with T1D and 13.4% (N=37) of controls had ChEAT/EAT-26 scores indicating presence of DEBs, with no differences between patients—whether children (total ChEAT score F(1, 157)=.104, p=.748) or adolescents (total EAT-26 score F(1, 255)=.135, p=.731)—and healthy peers. zBMI values were lower than those measured in the latest diabetes visit (p<.0001), while HbA1c values remained unchanged (p=.110). In both groups, adolescents had lower Oral Control scores than children (T1D: F(1, 138)= 20.411, p<.0001, η2 =.132, controls: F(1, 276)=18.271, p<.0001, η2 =.063); additionally, gender (female) and age were found to be significant predictors of several ChEAT/EAT-26 scores.Discussion: Psychological conditions in relation to DEB symptoms of children and adolescents with T1D were not aggravated by lockdown conditions. Results indicated DEBs as more of a female adolescent developmental issue rather than as a result of the challenges of living with a chronic illness aggravated by outbreak. Possible effects of parental pressure on their children’s eating behaviors in the context of home confinement and of using a non-diabetes-specific measure to assess DEBs are discussed.

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Differential effects of age and sex on insulin sensitivity and body composition in adolescent offspring of women with type 1 diabetes: results from the EPICOM study

Diabetologia ◽

10.1007/s00125-017-4458-1 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 61 (1) ◽

pp. 210-219 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Zuzana Lohse ◽

Sine Knorr ◽

Birgitte Bytoft ◽

Tine D. Clausen ◽

Rikke B. Jensen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Body Composition ◽

Insulin Sensitivity ◽

Differential Effects ◽

Adolescent Offspring ◽

Age And Sex

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Disordered eating behaviors in youths with type 1 diabetes during COVID-19 lockdown: an exploratory study

Journal of Eating Disorders ◽

10.1186/s40337-020-00353-w ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Alda Troncone ◽

Antonietta Chianese ◽

Angela Zanfardino ◽

Crescenzo Cascella ◽

Alessia Piscopo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Disordered Eating ◽

Exploratory Study ◽

Eating Behaviors ◽

Female Adolescent ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Disordered Eating Behaviors ◽

Eat 26

Abstract Background Recent research indicates that patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are at higher risk for disordered eating behaviors (DEBs) than their peers without diabetes. The present study aimed to explore the prevalence of DEBs in a sample of Italian children and adolescents with T1D and in matched-pair healthy controls during the COVID-19 lockdown. Methods In a cross-sectional study, 138 children and adolescents with T1D (aged 8.01–19.11 years, 65 boys) attending a Southern Italian diabetic service and 276 age- and gender-matched healthy peers voluntarily completed an online survey about eating behaviors (ChEAT and EAT-26), anthropometric characteristics, and clinical characteristics. Results 8.69% (N = 12) of participants with T1D and 13.4% (N = 37) of controls had ChEAT/EAT-26 scores indicating presence of DEBs, with no differences between patients—whether children (total ChEAT score F(1, 157) = .104, p = .748) or adolescents (total EAT-26 score F(1, 255) = .135, p = .731)—and healthy peers. zBMI values were lower than those measured in the latest diabetes visit (p < .0001), while HbA1c values remained unchanged (p = .110). In both groups, adolescents had lower Oral Control scores than children (T1D: F(1, 138) = 20.411, p < .0001, η2 = .132, controls: F(1, 276) = 18.271, p < .0001, η2 = .063); additionally, gender (female) and age were found to be significant predictors of several ChEAT/EAT-26 scores. Conclusions This exploratory study suggested that children and adolescents with T1D did not experience more DEB symptoms during the COVID-19 lockdown compared to healthy controls. Results revealed DEBs as more of a female adolescent developmental issue rather than a result of the challenges of living with a chronic illness under quarantine measures. Possible effects of parental pressure on their children’s eating behaviors in the context of home confinement and of using a non-diabetes-specific measure to assess DEBs are discussed.

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