scholarly journals A common garden design reveals population‐specific variability in potential impacts of hybridization between populations of farmed and wild Atlantic salmon , Salmo salar L.

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison C. Harvey ◽  
Kevin A. Glover ◽  
Martin I. Taylor ◽  
Simon Creer ◽  
Gary R. Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
Garden Design ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar

scholarly journals Domestication‐induced reduction in eye size revealed in multiple common garden experiments: the case of Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Bernard Perry ◽  
Joshka Kaufmann ◽  
Monica Favnebøe Solberg ◽  
Christopher Brodie ◽  
Angela Maria Coral Medina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Eye Size ◽  
Common Garden Experiments

scholarly journals Comparison of Smoltification in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) from Anadromous and Landlocked Populations Under Common Garden Conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorma Piironen ◽  
Päivi Kiiskinen ◽  
Hannu Huuskonen ◽  
Marjo Heikura-Ovaskainen ◽  
Matti Vornanen
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar

scholarly journals Common-garden comparison of relative survival and fitness-related traits of wild, farm, and hybrid Atlantic salmon Salmo salar parr in nature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
SE Crowley ◽  
IR Bradbury ◽  
AM Messmer ◽  
SJ Duffy ◽  
SS Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Relative Survival ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar

Relationship between cardiac performance and environment across populations of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): a common garden experiment implicates local adaptation

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 877-886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayla J. Gradil ◽  
Shawn R. Garner ◽  
Chris C. Wilson ◽  
Anthony P. Farrell ◽  
Bryan D. Neff
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
Cardiac Performance ◽  
Common Garden Experiment ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar

Genetic variability in reaction norms between farmed and wild backcrosses of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara L. Darwish ◽  
Jeffrey A. Hutchings
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
Early Life History ◽  
Reaction Norms ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Temperature Regimes

Adaptive responses to environmental heterogeneity may vary among populations. Genetic variability in reaction norms might account for population differences in the ability to respond to environmental change and may reflect local adaptation. Reaction norms for early life history traits were compared among three population crosses of Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ). Two comprised second-generation backcrosses introgressed with either farmed or wild genes; the third comprised individuals from a second-generation, pure wild cross. Using a common-garden experimental protocol, each cross was exposed to three temperature regimes. Plasticity in embryonic development, growth, survival, and body size was measured from fertilization up to 24 weeks of exogenous feeding. Reaction norms differed markedly among crosses, irrespective of whether individuals interbred with those whose genes originated from another wild population or from a cultured population. We find that introgression involving individuals with comparatively few genetic differences can change reaction norms. If plasticity represents an adaptive response to local environments, then changes to reaction norms resulting from interbreeding between populations are unlikely to have a beneficial effect on fitness.

Effects of acidic pH on wild, farmed, and F1 hybrid Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) parr

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-120
Author(s):  
Lynn Lush ◽  
Isabel Costa ◽  
Kimberly Marshall ◽  
Juan Carlos Pérez-Casanova ◽  
Rénald Belley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Acidic Ph ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Acidic Waters ◽  
Farmed Atlantic Salmon

Farmed escapees have the potential to introduce novel genes to wild salmon and alter locally adapted populations. We tested whether the acidic conditions found in rivers on Newfoundland’s south coast might differentially impact offspring of farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in comparison to wild populations. We performed crosses with wild and farmed parents to obtain wild (W♂ × W♀), farmed (F♂ × F♀), and F1 hybrid (W♂ × F♀, F♂ × W♀) parr and conducted a common garden experiment at neutral or acidic pH. No differences were observed between pure wild crosses and F1 hybrids, suggesting that acidic waters do not differentially affect survival, growth, condition factor, and Na+/K+-ATPase activity of F1 hybrids. Trends in mortality show that pure farmed parr had lower survival than pure wild and F1 hybrids in low pH. Considering that production of F1 hybrids rather than pure farmed offspring is the most likely outcome in the wild, pure farmed parr survival may have little bearing on the prediction of genetic risks of farmed–wild interactions. There is no evidence to indicate that the survival of the F1 generation in acidic waters acts as a potential barrier against introgression.

Potential for domesticated–wild interbreeding to induce maladaptive phenology across multiple populations of wild Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (11) ◽  
pp. 1768-1775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dylan J. Fraser ◽  
Cóilín Minto ◽  
Anna M. Calvert ◽  
James D. Eddington ◽  
Jeffrey A. Hutchings
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
Developmental Rate ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Southern Limit ◽  
Farmed Salmon ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Developmental Rates

We report how aquaculture may negatively alter a critical phenological trait (developmental rate) linked to survival in wild fish populations. At the southern limit of the species range in eastern North America, the persistence of small Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ) populations may be constrained by interbreeding with farmed salmon that escape regularly from intensive aquaculture facilities. Using a common-garden experimental protocol implemented over an 8-year period, we show that embryos of farmed salmon and multigenerational farmed–wild hybrids (F1, F2, wild backcrosses) had slower developmental rates than those of two regional wild populations. In certain cases, our data suggest that hybrid developmental rates are sufficiently mismatched to prevailing environmental conditions that they would have reduced survival in the wild. This implies that repeated farmed–wild interbreeding could adversely affect wild populations. Our results therefore reaffirm previous recommendations that based on the precautionary principle, improved strategies are needed to prevent, or to substantially minimize, escapes of aquaculture fishes into wild environments.

Maternal and paternal effects on fitness correlates in outbred and inbred Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 534-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aimee Lee S. Houde ◽  
Dylan J. Fraser ◽  
Patrick O’Reilly ◽  
Jeffrey A. Hutchings
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Outbreeding Depression ◽  
Experimental Protocol ◽  
Paternal Effects ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Rate Development ◽  
Cross Type

Small populations are at risk of fitness reductions due to inbreeding depression and the loss of within-population genetic diversity. Although this risk can be mitigated by interpopulation outbreeding, any increases in genetic variability may be offset by reductions in fitness attributable to outbreeding depression. Here, we evaluate the risks of inbreeding and outbreeding by quantifying changes in survival and seven other fitness-related traits expressed in early life (e.g., specific growth rate, development time), using three small and neighbouring populations of Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ) reared under a common-garden experimental protocol. After accounting for parental (maternal and paternal) effects on several traits (which differed between pure and F1 outbred parents), we detected no significant cross type-level differences between inbred and pure (non-inbred, within-population) cross types, outbred and pure cross types, or inbred and outbred cross types. The extent to which parental effects on fitness-related traits might be considered beneficial or detrimental cannot be reliably determined in the absence of information on the adaptive significance of the trait values in the local environment.

Microstructure and texture of fresh and smoked Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., fillets from fish reared and slaughtered under different conditions

2001 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sjofn Sigurgisladottir ◽  
Margret S. Sigurdardottir ◽  
Helga Ingvarsdottir ◽  
Ole J. Torrissen ◽  
Hannes Hafsteinsson
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar
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