Role of non‐enzymatic chemical reactions in 3‐methylglutaconic aciduria

FEBS Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dylan E. Jones ◽  
Irina Romenskaia ◽  
Dylan K. Kosma ◽  
Robert O. Ryan
Author(s):  
David R. Veblen

Extended defects and interfaces control many processes in rock-forming minerals, from chemical reactions to rock deformation. In many cases, it is not the average structure of a defect or interface that is most important, but rather the structure of defect terminations or offsets in an interface. One of the major thrusts of high-resolution electron microscopy in the earth sciences has been to identify the role of defect fine structures in reactions and to determine the structures of such features. This paper will review studies using HREM and image simulations to determine the structures of defects in silicate and oxide minerals and present several examples of the role of defects in mineral chemical reactions. In some cases, the geological occurrence can be used to constrain the diffusional properties of defects.The simplest reactions in minerals involve exsolution (precipitation) of one mineral from another with a similar crystal structure, and pyroxenes (single-chain silicates) provide a good example. Although conventional TEM studies have led to a basic understanding of this sort of phase separation in pyroxenes via spinodal decomposition or nucleation and growth, HREM has provided a much more detailed appreciation of the processes involved.


2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-7
Author(s):  
Miki Hasegawa ◽  
Masamichi Yamanaka ◽  
Osamu Miyamae ◽  
Hayanon Science Manga Studio

AbstractSports, one of the symbols of the global human culture and a unit of peaceful society, excite both competitors and audiences. During the game and even practice, athletes concentrate to choose not only a comfortable design but also high-performing materials of their shoes, rackets, uniforms, etc. Under the high demand of athletes, sports materials are evolving with the support of new chemical reactions and coordination chemistry. Here, we exhibit the role of elements in sports. The International Year of the Periodic Table (IYPT) will bring chemistry into the future as The Olympic & Paralympic Games in Tokyo in 2020.


1970 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1772
Author(s):  
T.S.R Ao ◽  
A. Patil

Abstract It has been shown that in kinetically first order gas phase reactions occuring under electric discharge, such as the decomposition of N2O, the application, at various initial pressures, of the same multiple of the respective starting potential ensures that the reaction occurs at the same specific rate.


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