scholarly journals Tocilizumab alleviates cytokine storm with acute respiratory distress syndrome in severe SARS‐CoV ‐2 infection in Taiwan

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
pp. 1543-1544
Author(s):  
Yen‐Wen Chen ◽  
Hsien‐Tzung Liao
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Cytokine Storm

scholarly journals Acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by carbon monoxide poisoning and inhalation injury recovered after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation along with direct hemoperfusion with polymyxin B-immobilized fiber column: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Hoon Jang ◽  
Hang Jea Jang ◽  
Hyun-Kuk Kim ◽  
Jin Han Park ◽  
Hyo-Jung Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning ◽  
Polymyxin B ◽  
Inhalation Injury ◽  
Cytokine Storm ◽  
Direct Hemoperfusion

Abstract Background Inhalation injury from smoke or chemical products and carbon monoxide poisoning are major causes of death in burn patients from fire accidents. Respiratory tract injuries from inhalation injury and carbon monoxide poisoning can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome and cytokine storm syndrome. In the case of acute respiratory failure needing mechanical ventilation accompanied by cytokine storm, mortality is high and immediate adequate treatment at the emergency department is very important. Case presentation This report describes a case of acute respiratory distress syndrome and cytokine storm followed by carbon monoxide poisoning in a 34-year-old Korean male patient who was in a house fire, and was successfully treated by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and direct hemoperfusion with polymyxin B-immobilized fiber column at emergency department. Conclusions To prevent mortality in acute respiratory distress syndrome with cytokine storm from inhalation injury and to promote a better prognosis, we suggest that early implication of extracorporeal membranous oxygenation along with direct hemoperfusion with polymyxin B-immobilized fiber column even at the emergency department should be considered.

Cytokine storm syndrome in SARS-CoV-2: a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Braira Wahid ◽  
Noshaba Rani ◽  
Muhammad Idrees
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Cytokine Storm ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Management Option ◽  
Human Contact

Abstract After wreaking havoc on a global level with a total of 5,488,825 confirmed cases and 349,095 deaths as of May 2020, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is truly living up to the expectations of a 21st-century pandemic. Since the major cause of mortality is a respiratory failure from acute respiratory distress syndrome, the only present-day management option is supportive as the transmission relies solely on human-to-human contact. Patients suffering from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) should be tested for hyper inflammation to screen those for whom immunosuppression can increases chances of survival. As more and more clinical data surfaces, it suggests patients with mild or severe cytokine storms are at greater risk of failing fatally and hence these cytokine storms should be targets for treatment in salvaging COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals Cannabidiol Modulates Cytokine Storm in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Induced by Simulated Viral Infection Using Synthetic RNA

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hesam Khodadadi ◽  
Évila Lopes Salles ◽  
Abbas Jarrahi ◽  
Fairouz Chibane ◽  
Vincenzo Costigliola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Cytokine Storm

scholarly journals Recovery of COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome with tocilizumab: successful outcome in two critically ill patients

Immunotherapy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 1127-1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan David Cala-García ◽  
Juan David Sierra-Bretón ◽  
Jorge Eduardo Cavelier-Baiz ◽  
Álvaro A Faccini-Martínez ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Pérez-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Lung Damage ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Cytokine Storm ◽  
Principal Mechanism ◽  
Prior Administration

Background: Severe pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to COVID-19 is a challenge for nowadays medical practice. Although there is no clarity in the principal mechanism of lung damage and ARDS development, it has been suggested that one of the main reasons of this pathology is the hyperactivation of the immune system, better known as cytokine storm syndrome. Tocilizumab has been proposed to treat COVID-19 severe cases associated to ARDS. Results & methodology: Here we present two successful cases of tocilizumab administration in two COVID-19 patients with prior administration of antiviral therapy (hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, lopinavir and ritonavir) with adequate response and resolution of ARDS, septic shock and severe pneumonia within the first 72 h. Discussion & conclusion: This case supports the usage of tocilizumab as an effective therapy in COVID-19 associated cytokine storm syndrome. Further studies should be done in order to assess its effectiveness and security.

scholarly journals A vicious circle between oxidative stress and cytokine storm in acute respiratory distress syndrome pathogenesis at COVID-19 infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-29
Author(s):  
G. H. Meftahi ◽  
◽  
Z. Bahari ◽  
Z. Jangravi ◽  
M. Iman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Vicious Circle ◽  
Cytokine Storm ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
High Virus

In early December 2019, the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) began in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. Since then, it has propagated rapidly and turned into a major global crisis due to the high virus spreading. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is considered as a defining cause of the death cases. Cytokine storm and oxidative stress are the main players of ARDS development during respiratory virus infections. In this review, we discussed molecular mechanisms of a fatal vicious circle between oxidative stress and cytokine storm during COVID-19 infection. We also described how aging can inflame the vicious circle. Keywords: acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), COVID-19, cytokine storm, oxidative stress

scholarly journals Exploring pharmacological approaches for managing cytokine storm associated with pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome in Covid-19 patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irma Convertino ◽  
Marco Tuccori ◽  
Sara Ferraro ◽  
Giulia Valdiserra ◽  
Emiliano Cappello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Cytokine Storm ◽  
Jak Inhibitors ◽  
Immunomodulating Drugs

Sars-CoV-2 complications include pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which requires intensive care unit admission. These conditions have rapidly overwhelmed healthcare systems, with detrimental effects on the quality of care and increased mortality. Social isolation strategies have been implemented worldwide with the aim of reducing hospital pressure. Among therapeutic strategies, the use of immunomodulating drugs, to improve prognosis, seems promising. Particularly, since pneumonia and ARDS are associated with a cytokine storm, drugs belonging to therapeutic classes as anti-IL-6, anti-TNF and JAK inhibitors, are currently studied. In this paper, we discuss the potential advantages of the most promising pharmacological approaches.

scholarly journals Can Adenosine Fight COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome?

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 3045
Author(s):  
Carmela Falcone ◽  
Massimo Caracciolo ◽  
Pierpaolo Correale ◽  
Sebastiano Macheda ◽  
Eugenio Giuseppe Vadalà ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Cytokine Storm ◽  
Compassionate Use ◽  
Rapid Improvement ◽  
Clinical Conditions

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients can develop interstitial pneumonia, which, in turn, can evolve into acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This is accompanied by an inflammatory cytokine storm. severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has proteins capable of promoting the cytokine storm, especially in patients with comorbidities, including obesity. Since currently no resolutive therapy for ARDS has been found and given the scientific literature regarding the use of adenosine, its application has been hypothesized. Through its receptors, adenosine is able to inhibit the acute inflammatory process, increase the protection capacity of the epithelial barrier, and reduce the damage due to an overactivation of the immune system, such as that occurring in cytokine storms. These features are known in ischemia/reperfusion models and could also be exploited in acute lung injury with hypoxia. Considering these hypotheses, a COVID-19 patient with unresponsive respiratory failure was treated with adenosine for compassionate use. The results showed a rapid improvement of clinical conditions, with negativity of SARS-CoV2 detection.

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