Long-term repetitive sodium lauryl sulfate-induced irritation of the skin: an in vivo study

Objective: At present, the nail preparation to cure onychomycosis, caused by non-dermatophyte molds, is not commercially available in Thailand. The physical and chemical stability of amphotericin B (AmB) extemporaneous preparations in the presence of 30% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and their in vitro nail permeation was evaluated. Methods: AmB extemporaneous preparations in the presence of 30% DMSO were prepared from a commercial sterile injection product, and cream or hydrophilic ointment. Physical stability was tested at 30°C for 2 months, or using 6 heating-cooling cycles. The chemical stability and in vitro nail permeation of AmB content were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In vitro nail permeation was performed by applying 3.5 mg/mm2 of the tested formulation on nail clippings for 5 consecutive days. Results: The AmB cream and ointment extemporaneous preparations containing 30% DMSO, a permeation enhancer, were homogeneous and pale yellow to yellow cream or ointment. The AmB ointment was stable for up to 60 days. The ointment preparation allows in vitro penetration through nails up to 14.17 μg/cm2. The ointment preparation allows significantly better penetration through than the cream preparation due to the presence of DMSO, sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), and water in the ointment preparation. Conclusion: The AmB extemporaneous ointment was successfully compounded from a commercial sterile injection product with a beyond-use date of 60 days. The ointment preparation is currently under further investigation for in vivo efficacy.

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Short- and long-term efficacy of aspirin and clopidogrel for thromboprophylaxis for mechanical heart valves: An in vivo study in swine

Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery ◽

10.1016/j.jtcvs.2008.01.045 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 136 (4) ◽

pp. 908-914 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Stephen H. McKellar ◽

Jess L. Thompson ◽

Raul F. Garcia-Rinaldi ◽

Ryan J. MacDonald ◽

Thoralf M. Sundt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Valves ◽

Mechanical Heart Valves ◽

In Vivo Study ◽

Term Efficacy ◽

Short And Long Term

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Long-term evaluation of metal ion release in orthodontic patients using fluoridated oral hygiene agents: An in vivo study

Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists ◽

10.1016/j.ejwf.2019.04.003 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 107-111

Author(s):

Prasad Chitra ◽

Govinakovi Shivamurthy Prashantha ◽

Arun Rao

Keyword(s):

Oral Hygiene ◽

Metal Ion ◽

In Vivo Study ◽

Ion Release ◽

Metal Ion Release ◽

Orthodontic Patients ◽

Term Evaluation

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Pedicular fixation in the osteoporotic spine: a pilot in vivo study on long-term ovariectomized sheep

Journal of Orthopaedic Research® ◽

10.1016/s0736-0266(02)00069-4 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 20 (6) ◽

pp. 1217-1224 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

N. Nicoli Aldini ◽

M. Fini ◽

G. Giavaresi ◽

R. Giardino ◽

T. Greggi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

In Vivo Study

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A CRITICAL EVALUATION OF THE HISTOCHEMICAL METHODS FOR CARBONIC ANHYDRASE

Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry ◽

10.1177/20.5.319 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 20 (5) ◽

pp. 319-330 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

THOMAS F. MUTHER

Keyword(s):

Enzyme Activity ◽

Surface Layer ◽

Carbonic Anhydrase ◽

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate ◽

Critical Evaluation ◽

Lauryl Sulfate ◽

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors ◽

Histochemical Methods ◽

Rate Limiting

The histochemical methods for carbonic anhydrase are not based on the postulated dehydration of HCO3–. The staining is caused by the formation of an unknown reactive Co compound in the surface layer secondary to enzyme-independent alkalinization of the medium. Kinetic analysis of the reaction shows that loss of CO2 from the medium is rate-limiting. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors delay the staining by interacting with Co and not by inhibiting the enzyme; they are effective when used after the reaction is complete. The reaction can also be inhibited by agents which are not carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, such as sodium lauryl sulfate and 5-aminothiadiazole, but not by in vivo administered acetazolamide. A comparison of the effect of various fixatives on the biochemical and histochemical enzyme activity shows no correlation. While carbonic anhydrase itself is stained by the reaction, the methods lack the claimed specificity for it.

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