PUVA therapy decreases HLA-DR+ CD1a+ Langerhans cells and epidermal cell antigen-presenting capacity in human skin, but flow cytometrically-sorted residual HLA-DR+ CD1a+Langerhans cells exhibit normal alloantigen-presenting function

1989 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. ASHWORTH ◽  
M.C. KAHAN ◽  
S.M. BREATHNACH
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Epidermal Cell ◽  
Langerhans Cells ◽  
Puva Therapy ◽  
Cell Antigen ◽  
Hla Dr ◽  
Antigen Presenting

scholarly journals Langerhans cells of human skin are the natural antigen‐presenting cells for CD1c antigen presentation

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Allan Sieling ◽  
Todd Becker ◽  
Maria‐Teresa Ochoa ◽  
Annaliza Legaspi ◽  
Thomas Rea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antigen Presentation ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Langerhans Cells ◽  
Antigen Presenting Cells ◽  
Antigen Presenting

scholarly journals HLA-DR+ leukocytes acquire CD1 antigens in embryonic and fetal human skin and contain functional antigen-presenting cells

2009 ◽  
Vol 206 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Schuster ◽  
Christine Vaculik ◽  
Christian Fiala ◽  
Simone Meindl ◽  
Oliver Brandt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Antigen Presenting Cells ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β1 ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Skin Development ◽  
Skin Immune System ◽  
Functional Development ◽  
Hla Dr ◽  
Antigen Presenting

Adequate numbers and functional maturity are needed for leukocytes to exhibit a protective role in host defense. During intrauterine life, the skin immune system has to acquire these prerequisites to protect the newborn from infection in the hostile external environment after birth. We investigated the quantitative, phenotypic, and functional development of skin leukocytes and analyzed the factors controlling their proliferation and trafficking during skin development. We show that CD45+ leukocytes are scattered in embryonic human skin and that their numbers continuously increase as the developing skin generates an environment that promotes proliferation of skin resident leukocytes as well as the influx of leukocytes from the circulation. We also found that CD45+HLA-DRhighCD1c+ dendritic cells (DCs) are already present in the epidermis and dermis at 9 wk estimated gestational age (EGA) and that transforming growth factor β1 production precedes Langerin and CD1a expression on CD45+CD1c+ Langerhans cell (LC) precursors. Functionally, embryonic antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are able to phagocytose antigen, to up-regulate costimulatory molecules upon culture, and to efficiently stimulate T cells in a mixed lymphocyte reaction. Collectively, our data provide insight into skin DC biology and the mechanisms through which skin DCs presumably populate the skin during development.

scholarly journals Interleukin 15 Skews Monocyte Differentiation into Dendritic Cells with Features of Langerhans Cells

2001 ◽  
Vol 194 (7) ◽  
pp. 1013-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansour Mohamadzadeh ◽  
Frederic Berard ◽  
Gregory Essert ◽  
Cecile Chalouni ◽  
Bali Pulendran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Langerhans Cells ◽  
Monocyte Differentiation ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Inflammatory Protein ◽  
Immature Dendritic Cells ◽  
Hla Dr ◽  
Bona Fide ◽  
Macrophage Colony ◽  
Antigen Presenting

Langerhans cells (LCs) represent a subset of immature dendritic cells (DCs) specifically localized in the epidermis and other mucosal epithelia. As surrounding keratinocytes can produce interleukin (IL)-15, a cytokine that utilizes IL-2Rγ chain, we analyzed whether IL-15 could skew monocyte differentiation into LCs. Monocytes cultured for 6 d with granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and IL-15 differentiate into CD1a+HLA-DR+CD14−DCs (IL15-DCs). Agents such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α, and CD40L induce maturation of IL15-DCs to CD83+, DC-LAMP+ cells. IL15-DCs are potent antigen-presenting cells able to induce the primary (mixed lymphocyte reaction [MLR]) and secondary (recall responses to flu-matrix peptide) immune responses. As opposed to cultures made with GM-CSF/IL-4 (IL4-DCs), a proportion of IL15-DCs expresses LC markers: E-Cadherin, Langerin, and CC chemokine receptor (CCR)6. Accordingly, IL15-DCs, but not IL4-DCs, migrate in response to macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-3α/CCL20. However, IL15-DCs cannot be qualified as “genuine” Langerhans cells because, despite the presence of the 43-kD Langerin, they do not express bona fide Birbeck granules. Thus, our results demonstrate a novel pathway in monocyte differentiation into dendritic cells.

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