Further development of a bacteriocin typing system for Clostridium perfringens

1982 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.G. Scott ◽  
D.E. Mahony
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Typing System ◽  
Bacteriocin Typing ◽  
Further Development

scholarly journals The assessment and application of a bacteriocin typing scheme forClostridium perfringens

1985 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. N. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Computer Programs ◽  
Typing Scheme ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bacteriocin Typing ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

SUMMARYA collection of 50 bacteriocins was assembled and used to type 802 isolates ofClostridium perfringensfrom food poisoning outbreaks and a variety of other sources. It was found that strains of the same serotype within an outbreak showed similar patterns of susceptibility to bacteriocins, and the use of a ‘one difference’ rule is proposed for interpretation of the typing patterns of epidemiologically related strains. Isolates of different serotype or of the same serotype isolated from different sources produced many variations in bacteriocin susceptibility patterns.Two computer programs were developed to assist in the interpretation of bacteriocin typing patterns. Their use showed that related and unrelated strains formed different clusters and enabled a range of the 20 most discriminatory bacteriocins to be selected.Isolates ofC. perfringensfrom a wide range of sources were screened for their ability to produce bacteriocins. A much greater proportion of the strains from food poisoning outbreaks was bacteriocinogenic than were isolates from human and animal infections, various foods and the environment. The relevance of these findings to the occurrence ofC. perfringensfood poisoning is discussed.

scholarly journals Bacteriocin typing of Clostridium perfringens in human feces

1978 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-309
Author(s):  
D E Mahony ◽  
C A Swantee
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Human Feces ◽  
Stool Specimens ◽  
Bacteriocin Typing

Three hundred and ninety-nine isolates of Clostridium perfringens from enriched stool specimens of 51 individuals (about eight colonies per person) were typed by bacteriocins. Forty-nine percent of these persons carried more than one bacteriocin type in their stool, and some had three or four different stains as determined by bacteriocin typing. Weekly stool specimens obtained from seven positive volunteers over a period of 5 weeks were screened for C. perfringens, and several colonies from each person were typed. This survey demonstrated that the number of types fluctuated with time, several types could be carried simultaneously, and the isolation of the organism was variable. Nine new bacteriocin types of C. perfringens were isolated in this study.

scholarly journals The potential of bacteriocin typing in the study of Clostridium perfringens food poisoning.

1982 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 1361-1365 ◽  
Author(s):  
G N Watson ◽  
M F Stringer ◽  
R J Gilbert ◽  
D E Mahony
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Bacteriocin Typing

scholarly journals A study on bacteriocin typing of avian strains ofPasteurella multocida

1980 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
Rose Mushin
Keyword(s):  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Typing System ◽  
Avian Origin ◽  
Bacteriocin Typing ◽  
Set Up

SummaryIn two groups, each containing 56Pasteurella multocidastrains of avian origin, the percentage of multicin-producing strains was 80·4 and 71·4. In two groups containing 46 and 58 isolates tested for sensitivity to multicins, 82·6% and 62·1% respectively were listed as indicators.P. multocidastrains producing bacteriocins were active on a range of 1–33 indicators. A preliminary multicin typing system was set up with the use of eight selected indicators; 52% of multicin-producing strains acted on one indicator only.P. multocidaserotypes and serologically un-typable strains were subdivided into multicin types.

scholarly journals Bacteriocin typing of streptococcal isolates from endocarditis

1977 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 517-520
Author(s):  
G W Upton ◽  
H P Dalton ◽  
R A Kolstad
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Clinical Situation ◽  
Bacteriocin Production ◽  
Streptococcus Sanguis ◽  
Extract Agar ◽  
Bacteriocin Producer ◽  
Typing System ◽  
Bacteriocin Typing ◽  
Yeast Extract Agar

A typing system based on bacteriocin production and sensitivity for Streptococcus sanguis strains was devised. Bacteriocin producer strains were grown (37degrees C) anaerobically on brain heart infusion-yeast extract agar for 18 h. Bacteriocin indicator strains were suspended to molten brain heart infusion-yeast extract agar and then overlayed onto the producer strain. After an additional 18 to 24 h of incubation, zones of bacteriocin inhibition were recorded. After establishment of the typing system, eight Streptococcus strains from bacterial endocarditis patients were characterized by the typing system. Four patient strains had identical bacteriocin reduction patterns but could be differentiated by differences in their bacteriocin sensitivity. Two isolates from the same patient had identical production and sensitivity patterns. By including both bacteriocin production and bacteriocin sensitivity, all seven epidemiologically unrelated isolates could be differentiated. On the basis of these results, there does not appear to be a correlation between bacteriocin production and infectivity, but the usefulness of the application of a typing system to a clinical situation is demonstrated.

Application of TEM to Deformation, Wear, and Fracture of Ceramics

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 472-473
Author(s):  
B. J. Hockey
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Brittle Materials ◽  
High Temperature Strength ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Corrosive Environments ◽  
Further Development

Ceramics, such as Al2O3 and SiC have numerous current and potential uses in applications where high temperature strength, hardness, and wear resistance are required often in corrosive environments. These materials are, however, highly anisotropic and brittle, so that their mechanical behavior is often unpredictable. The further development of these materials will require a better understanding of the basic mechanisms controlling deformation, wear, and fracture.The purpose of this talk is to describe applications of TEM to the study of the deformation, wear, and fracture of Al2O3. Similar studies are currently being conducted on SiC and the techniques involved should be applicable to a wide range of hard, brittle materials.

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