Time-related changes of the intestinal morphology of Atlantic salmon,Salmo salarL., at two different soybean meal inclusion levels

The effects of the replacement of bread yeast by soybean meal in diets for Rhamdia quelen larvae on growth, survival, and intestinal morphology were analysed. Larvae were fed for 20 days with five diets: a control diet formulated with 57% of bread yeast, and other four diets in which soybean meal at concentrations of 14.25, 28.5, 42.75 and 57% was added to obtain 25, 50, 75 and 100% of bread yeast replacement. Growth and survival parameters were negatively affected by dietary soybean meal inclusion. Larvae fed control diet showed significantly higher mean weight, specific growth rate, final biomass, and survival rate than larvae from other treatments. Enterocyte height and fold width of the posterior intestine showed highest values in the control group, and an inverse linear relationship with the level of dietary soybean meal inclusion was observed, however, in the anterior intestine the morphology parameters were not affected by the diet. These results indicate that inclusion of soybean meal in diets for R. quelen larvae negatively affects growth and survival, as well as the capacity for digestion and absorption of nutrients, mainly in the posterior intestine.

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Effect of dietary fermented soybean meal on growth, intestinal morphology and microbiota in juvenile large yellow croaker, Larimichthys crocea

Aquaculture Research ◽

10.1111/are.13929 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 50 (3) ◽

pp. 748-757 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Ping Wang ◽

Qicun Zhou ◽

Jian Feng ◽

Jiaojiao He ◽

Yudong Lou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soybean Meal ◽

Intestinal Morphology ◽

Large Yellow Croaker ◽

Larimichthys Crocea ◽

Fermented Soybean Meal ◽

Fermented Soybean

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Mid and hindgut transcriptome profiling analysis of Atlantic salmon ( Salmon salar ) under unpredictable chronic stress

Royal Society Open Science ◽

10.1098/rsos.191480 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 191480

Author(s):

Signe Dille Løvmo ◽

Angelico Madaro ◽

Paul Whatmore ◽

Tora Bardal ◽

Mari-Ann Ostensen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atlantic Salmon ◽

Chronic Stress ◽

Transcriptome Profiling ◽

Intestinal Morphology ◽

Differentially Expressed ◽

Sequencing Analysis ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Membrane Structures ◽

Apoptotic Pathway ◽

Salmon Parr

The intestinal epithelium is a selectively permeable barrier for nutrients, electrolytes and water, while maintaining effective protection against pathogens. Combinations of stressors throughout an animal's life, especially in agriculture and aquaculture settings, may affect the regular operativity of this organ with negative consequences for animal welfare. In the current study, we report the effects of a three-week unpredictable chronic stress (UCS) period on the intestinal morphology and transcriptome response of Atlantic salmon ( Salmon salar ) parr midgut and hindgut. Midgut and hindgut from both control and UCS fish were collected for histology and RNA-sequencing analysis to identify respective changes in the membrane structures and putative genes and pathways responding to UCS. Histological analysis did not show any significant effect on morphometric parameters. In the midgut, 1030 genes were differentially expressed following UCS, resulting in 279 genes which were involved in 13 metabolic pathways, including tissue repair pathways. In the hindgut, following UCS, 591 differentially expressed genes were detected with 426 downregulated and 165 upregulated. A total of 53 genes were related to three pathways. Downregulated genes include cellular senescence pathways, p53 signalling and cytokine–cytokine receptor pathways. The overall results corroborate that salmon parr were at least partly habituating to the UCS treatment. In midgut, the main upregulation was related to cell growth and repair, while in the hindgut there were indications of the activated apoptotic pathway, reduced cell repair and inhibited immune/anti-inflammatory capacity. This may be the trade-off between habituating to UCS and health resilience. This study suggests possible integrated genetic regulatory mechanisms that are tuned when farmed Atlantic salmon parr attempt to cope with UCS.

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