THERMAL ACTIVATION OF PEROXIDASE FROM TOBACCO LEAF MESOPHYLL CELL WALLS

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
YUEN-MIN CHOY ◽  
YUM-SHING WONG ◽  
KIT-MAN LAU ◽  
KUNG HYUNG
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Thermal Activation ◽  
Mesophyll Cell ◽  
Tobacco Leaf ◽  
Leaf Mesophyll ◽  
Leaf Mesophyll Cell

Ozone-induced cytochemical and ultrastructural changes in leaf mesophyll cell walls

1997 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
M S Günthardt-Georg ◽  
C J McQuattie ◽  
C Scheidegger ◽  
C Rhiner ◽  
R Matyssek
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Mesophyll Cell ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Leaf Mesophyll ◽  
Leaf Mesophyll Cell

Tropospheric ozone-induced structural changes in leaf mesophyll cell walls in grapevine plants

Biologia ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikola Ljubešić ◽  
Mihaela Britvec
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Tropospheric Ozone ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Mesophyll Cell ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Mesophyll Cells ◽  
Ozone Concentrations ◽  
Leaf Mesophyll

AbstractThe structural changes in leaves of grapevine plants (Vitis vinifera L.) exposed to different ozone concentrations were investigated. Ozone fumigations were performed in open-top chambers at four different ozone levels (charcoal-filtered air (F), ambient air (N), ambient air + 25 mm3m−3 ozone (O-25) and ambient air + 50 mm3m−3 ozone (O-50)).The leaves of plants from chambers with increased ozone concentrations (O-25 and O-50) were significantly thicker than the controls (F), owing to increased thickness of the mesophyll layer. Observing O-50 leaves, it was found that the mesophyll cell wall displayed structural changes. In some places cell wall thickness increased up to 1 µm. We found callose deposits on the inner side of the cell walls of mesophyll cells. These data are in accord with the concept that the mesophyll cell wall acts as a barrier against the penetration of tropospheric ozone into the cells.

scholarly journals Abscisic Acid and Photosynthesis in Isolated Leaf Mesophyll Cell

1981 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce T. Mawson ◽  
Brian Colman ◽  
W. Raymond Cummins
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Mesophyll Cell ◽  
Leaf Mesophyll ◽  
Abscisic Acid And Photosynthesis ◽  
Leaf Mesophyll Cell

scholarly journals Effects of Waterlogging on Leaf Mesophyll Cell Ultrastructure and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Summer Maize

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. e0161424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baizhao Ren ◽  
Jiwang Zhang ◽  
Shuting Dong ◽  
Peng Liu ◽  
Bin Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Mesophyll Cell ◽  
Cell Ultrastructure ◽  
Photosynthetic Characteristics ◽  
Summer Maize ◽  
Leaf Mesophyll ◽  
Leaf Mesophyll Cell

Selection of alfalfa for a lower initial rate of digestion and corresponding changes in epidermal and mesophyll cell wall thickness

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. P. Goplen ◽  
R. E. Howarth ◽  
G. L. Lees
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Initial Rate ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
Mesophyll Cell ◽  
Cell Wall Thickness ◽  
Advanced Stage ◽  
Selection Of

A modified nylon bag technique, described in detail in this paper, appears to be an effective method of selecting for a lower initial rate of digestion (IRD) in alfalfa. Breeding for reduced IRD in alfalfa resulted in a 15% reduction in 4-h dry matter disappearance (DMD) after three cycles of selection (ultimate goal of 25–30 % reduction for a bloat-safe alfalfa). No further reduction in IRD occurred with a 4th cycle of selection. The IRD characteristic appears to be expressed at early stages of vegetative growth (pre-bud to early bud) and not at a more advanced stage of maturity (mid-bud to early bloom). The IRD characteristic also appears to be subject to environmental influence. Alfalfa plants selected for reduced IRD have consistently thicker cell walls compared to the unselected alfalfa check cv. Beaver. The advanced cycle 4 LIRD synthetic is being increased for subsequent pasture trials and assessment of bloat reduction. Key words: Nylon bag technique, cell rupture, pasture bloat, initial rate of digestion, cell wall thickness

The fate of acetyl groups and sugar components during the digestion of grass cell walls in sheep

1977 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Jane Morris ◽  
J. S. D. Bacon
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Sodium Ethoxide ◽  
Mesophyll Cell ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Cell Wall Preparation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Isolated Cell

SummaryThe digestibilities of grass cell wall constituents determined in a digestion trial were compared with those obtained by suspending various isolated cell wall preparations in nylon bags in the rumen of a sheep. Particular attention was paid to acetyl groups and to individual sugars, which were determined in both cases by gas liquid chromatography.For dried grass and hay in the digestion trial the cell wall constituents showed digestibilities decreasing in the following order: arabinose, galactose, glucose, xylose, acetyl, lignin.For a leaf cell wall preparation derived from all cell types except mesophyll, the nylon bag technique allowed the same order of digestibilities; rhamnose and uronic acids were also measured and found to be rapidly digested. Mesophyll cell walls placed in nylon bags were more readily digested than non-mesophyll. All the sugars, and also acetyl groups, were digested to the same extent.In a grass cell wall preparation isolated from sheep faeces, tested similarly, xylose and glucose were digested to the same extent, but acetyl groups were less digested.Removal of acetyl groups, using sodium ethoxide, which left the sugar composition and lignin content unchanged, increased the digestibility particularly of the cell walls from faeces.The results are discussed with reference to the relationship between cell wall composition and digestibility.

scholarly journals Mesophyll conductance response to short-term changes in pCO2 is related to leaf anatomy and biochemistry in diverse C4 grasses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varsha S Pathare ◽  
Robert J DiMario ◽  
Nouria Koteyeva ◽  
Asaph B Cousins
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Mesophyll Cell ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Biochemical Traits ◽  
Percent Change ◽  
Leaf Transpiration ◽  
Percent Increase ◽  
Measurement Artifacts

Mesophyll CO2 conductance (gm) in C3 species responds to short-term (minutes) changes in environment potentially due to changes in some leaf anatomical and biochemical properties and due to measurement artifacts. Compared to C3 species, there is less information about gm responses to short-term changes in environmental conditions like pCO2 across diverse C4 species and the potential determinants of these responses. Using 16 diverse C4-grasses we investigated the response of gm to short-term changes in pCO2 and how this response related to the leaf anatomical and biochemical traits. For all the measured C4-grasses gm increased as CO2 decreased; however, the percent change in gm varied (+13% to +250%) and significantly related to percent changes in leaf transpiration efficiency (TEi). The percent increase in gm was highest in grasses with thinner mesophyll cell walls and greater leaf nitrogen, activities of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC), Rubisco, and carbonic anhydrase, and a higher affinity of PEPC for bicarbonate substrate. Our study demonstrates that CO2 response of gm varies greatly across diverse C4-grasses and identifies the key leaf anatomical and biochemical traits related to this variation. These findings have implications for improving C4 photosynthetic models, and in attempts to improve TEi through manipulation of gm.

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