Occurrence and Distribution of Grapevine Yellows Caused by Stolbur Phytoplasma in Montenegro

2009 ◽  
Vol 157 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 682-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanja Radonjić ◽  
Snježana Hrnčić ◽  
Jelena Jović ◽  
Tatjana Cvrković ◽  
Oliver Krstić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grapevine Yellows ◽  
Stolbur Phytoplasma

First detection of stolbur phytoplasma in grapevines (Vitis vinifera cv. Chardonnay) affected with grapevine yellows in the Ukraine

2005 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Milkus ◽  
D. Clair ◽  
S. Idir ◽  
N. Habili ◽  
E. Boudon-Padieu
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Grapevine Yellows ◽  
Stolbur Phytoplasma

scholarly journals "Candidatus Phytoplasma australiense," a New Phytoplasma Taxon Associated with Australian Grapevine Yellows

1997 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. DAVIS ◽  
E. L. DALLY ◽  
D. E. GUNDERSEN ◽  
I.-M. LEE ◽  
N. HABILI
Keyword(s):  
Grapevine Yellows

scholarly journals Unraveling the Etiology of North American Grapevine Yellows (NAGY): Novel NAGY Phytoplasma Sequevars Related to ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma pruni’

Plant Disease ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 99 (8) ◽  
pp. 1087-1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Davis ◽  
Ellen L. Dally ◽  
Yan Zhao ◽  
Ing-Ming Lee ◽  
Wei Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rdna ◽  
North American ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
New York State ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Ribosomal Protein Genes ◽  
Grapevine Yellows

North American grapevine yellows (NAGY) disease has sometimes been attributed to infection of Vitis vinifera L. by Prunus X-disease phytoplasma (‘Candidatus Phytoplasma pruni’) but this attribution may not be fully adequate. In this study, phytoplasma strains related to ‘Ca. Phytoplasma pruni’ were found in NAGY-diseased grapevines in Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, Ohio, Missouri, and New York State. Based on restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of 16S ribosomal RNA gene (16S rDNA) sequences, the strains (termed NAGYIII strains) were classified in group 16SrIII (X-disease group) but they contained a recognition site for the restriction endonuclease MseI that is not present in the 16S rDNA of ‘Ca. Phytoplasma pruni’. The 16S rDNA of the strains differed by three or four nucleotides from that of ‘Ca. Phytoplasma pruni’, indicating that they belonged to two novel 16S rDNA sequevars, designated NAGYIIIα and NAGYIIIβ. Both sequevars differed from ‘Ca. Phytoplasma pruni’ by a single base in each of three regions corresponding to species-unique (signature) sequences described for ‘Ca. Phytoplasma pruni’. Phylogenetic analyses of 16S rRNA genes and SecY proteins, and single-nucleotide polymorphism analyses of secY and ribosomal protein genes, further distinguished the two grapevine sequevar lineages from one another and from ‘Ca. Phytoplasma pruni’. The NAGYIIIα and NAGYIIIβ sequevars also differed from ‘Ca. Phytoplasma pruni’ in regions of the folded SecY protein that are predicted to be near or exposed at the outer surface of the phytoplasma membrane. No evidence indicated that diseased grapevines contained any phytoplasma strain conforming to ‘Ca. Phytoplasma pruni’ sensu stricto. Because the NAGYIII sequevars have not been reported in X-disease, a question is raised as to whether NAGYIII and Prunus X-disease are caused by different phytoplasma genotypes.

scholarly journals Crepis foetida L.: New host plant of cixiid planthopper Hyalesthes obsoletus Signoret 1865 (Hemiptera: Cixiidae), vector of stolbur phytoplasma

Zastita bilja ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Kosovac ◽  
Miljana Jakovljević ◽  
Oliver Krstić ◽  
Tatjana Cvrković ◽  
Milana Mitrović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
New Host ◽  
Stolbur Phytoplasma ◽  
Crepis Foetida ◽  
Hyalesthes Obsoletus

scholarly journals Engineering of a Single-Chain Variable-Fragment (scFv) Antibody Specific for the Stolbur Phytoplasma (Mollicute) and Its Expression in Escherichia coli and Tobacco Plants

1998 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 4566-4572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrice Le Gall ◽  
Joseph-Marie Bové ◽  
Monique Garnier
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Transgenic Tobacco ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Single Chain Variable Fragment ◽  
Single Chain ◽  
Tobacco Plants ◽  
Challenge Inoculation ◽  
Scfv Gene ◽  
Stolbur Phytoplasma

From a hybridoma cell line (2A10) producing an immunoglobulin G1 directed against the major membrane protein of the stolbur phytoplasma, we have engineered scFv (single-chain variable-fragment) antibodies from the variable heavy (VH) and light (VL) domains of the immunoglobulin. The scFv gene was cloned and expressed inEscherichia coli. The expressed protein of 30 kDa could be recovered from the periplasmic fraction of the bacterial cells and was shown to be fully functional toward its phytoplasmal antigen, since enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or immunofluorescence (IF) detection of the stolbur phytoplasma antigen by the scFv was identical to that of the native immunoglobulin. The scFv gene was then cloned in plasmid pBG-dAb-BIN of Agrobacterium tumefaciens to transform tobacco plants. The transformed plants were screened by PCR and Northern blotting for the presence and expression of the transgene, respectively, and by IF for expression of the scFv. One transgenic tobacco line, 1A6, was selected for challenge inoculation with the stolbur phytoplasma. When grafted on a stolbur phytoplasma-infected tobacco rootstock, the transgenic tobacco shoots grew free of symptoms and flowered after 2 months, while normal tobacco shoots showed severe stolbur symptoms during the same period and eventually died.

scholarly journals Detection of Two Different Grapevine Yellows in Vitis vinifera Using Hyperspectral Imaging

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 4151
Author(s):  
Nele Bendel ◽  
Andreas Backhaus ◽  
Anna Kicherer ◽  
Janine Köckerling ◽  
Michael Maixner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hyperspectral Imaging ◽  
Radial Basis Function Network ◽  
Infrared Region ◽  
Short Wave ◽  
Disease Detection ◽  
Bois Noir ◽  
Grapevine Yellows ◽  
Detection Approach ◽  
Prophylactic Measures ◽  
Function Network

Grapevine yellows (GY) are serious phytoplasma-caused diseases affecting viticultural areas worldwide. At present, two principal agents of GY are known to infest grapevines in Germany: Bois noir (BN) and Palatinate grapevine yellows (PGY). Disease management is mostly based on prophylactic measures as there are no curative in-field treatments available. In this context, sensor-based disease detection could be a useful tool for winegrowers. Therefore, hyperspectral imaging (400–2500 nm) was applied to identify phytoplasma-infected greenhouse plants and shoots collected in the field. Disease detection models (Radial-Basis Function Network) have successfully been developed for greenhouse plants of two white grapevine varieties infected with BN and PGY. Differentiation of symptomatic and healthy plants was possible reaching satisfying classification accuracies of up to 96%. However, identification of BN-infected but symptomless vines was difficult and needs further investigation. Regarding shoots collected in the field from different red and white varieties, correct classifications of up to 100% could be reached using a Multi-Layer Perceptron Network for analysis. Thus, hyperspectral imaging seems to be a promising approach for the detection of different GY. Moreover, the 10 most important wavelengths were identified for each disease detection approach, many of which could be found between 400 and 700 nm and in the short-wave infrared region (1585, 2135, and 2300 nm). These wavelengths could be used further to develop multispectral systems.

scholarly journals The First Report of Stolbur Phytoplasma Associated with Phyllody of Calendula officinalis in Serbia

Plant Disease ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 98 (8) ◽  
pp. 1152-1152 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Pavlovic ◽  
M. Starovic ◽  
S. Stojanovic ◽  
G. Aleksic ◽  
S. Kojic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Calendula Officinalis ◽  
Aster Yellows ◽  
First Report ◽  
Pot Marigold ◽  
Stolbur Phytoplasma

Pot marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) is native to southern Europe. Compounds of marigold flowers exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor-promoting, and cytotoxic activities (4). In Serbia, pot marigold is cultivated as an important medicinal and ornamental plant. Typical phyllody, virescence, proliferation of axillary buds, and witches' broom symptoms were sporadically observed in 2011 in Pancevo plantation, Serbia (44°51′49″ N, 20°39′33″ E, 80 m above sea level). Until 2013, the number of uniformly distributed affected pot marigold plants reached 20% in the field. Due to the lack of seed production, profitability of the cultivation was seriously affected. Leaf samples from 10 symptomatic and 4 symptomless marigold plants were collected and total nucleic acid was extracted from midrib tissue (3). Direct PCR and nested PCR were carried out with primer pairs P1/16S-SR and R16F2n/R16R2n, respectively (3). Amplicons 1.5 and 1.2 kb in length, specific for the 16S rRNA gene, were amplified in all symptomatic plants. No PCR products were obtained when DNA isolated from symptomless plants was used. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns of the 1.2-kb fragments of 16S rDNA were determined by digestion with four endonucleases separately (TruI1, AluI, HpaII, and HhaI) and compared with those of Stolbur (Stol), Aster Yellows (AY), Flavescence dorée-C (FD-C), Poinsettia Branch-Inducing (PoiBI), and Clover Yellow Edge (CYE) phytoplasmas (2). RFLP patterns from all symptomatic pot marigold plants were identical to the Stol pattern, indicating Stolbur phytoplasma presence in affected plants. The 1.2-kb amplicon of representative Nv8 strain was sequenced and the data were submitted to GenBank (accession no. KJ174507). BLASTn analysis of the sequence was compared with sequences available in GenBank, showing 100% identity with 16S rRNA gene of strains from Paeonia tenuifolia (KF614623) and corn (JQ730750) from Serbia, and peach (KF263684) from Iran. All of these are members of the 16SrXII ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma solani’ group, subgroup A (Stolbur). Phytoplasmas belonging to aster yellows (16SrI) (Italy and Canada) and peanut witches' broom related phytoplasma (16SrII) group (Iran) have been identified in diseased pot marigold plants (1). To our knowledge, this is the first report of natural infection of pot marigold by Stolbur phytoplasma in Serbia. References: (1) S. A. Esmailzadeh-Hosseini et al. Bull. Insectol. 64:S109, 2011. (2) I. M. Lee et al. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 48:1153, 1998. (3) J. P. Prince. Phytopathology 83:1130, 1993. (4) M. Ukiya et al. J. Nat. Prod. 69:1692, 2006.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document