Tournefortii male sterility system in Brassica napus. Identification, expression and genetic characterization of male fertility restorers

2004 ◽  
Vol 123 (5) ◽  
pp. 444-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Pahwa ◽  
S. K. Banga ◽  
K. P. S. Gogna ◽  
S. S. Banga
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Fertility Restorers

Genetic characterization of a new cytoplasmic male sterility system (hau) in Brassica juncea and its transfer to B. napus

2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengjie Wan ◽  
Bing Jing ◽  
Jinxing Tu ◽  
Caozhi Ma ◽  
Jinxiong Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Genetic Characterization

scholarly journals Poaceae-specific MS1 encodes a phospholipid-binding protein for male fertility in bread wheat

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (47) ◽  
pp. 12614-12619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Wang ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
Shaoxia Chen ◽  
Yanfang Heng ◽  
Zhuo Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Binding Activity ◽  
Hybrid Seed Production ◽  
Hybrid Wheat ◽  
Phospholipid Binding ◽  
Allohexaploid Wheat ◽  
Molecular Nature

Male sterility is an essential trait in hybrid seed production for monoclinous crops, including rice and wheat. However, compared with the high percentage of hybrid rice planted in the world, little commercial hybrid wheat is planted globally as a result of the lack of a suitable system for male sterility. Therefore, understanding the molecular nature of male fertility in wheat is critical for commercially viable hybrid wheat. Here, we report the cloning and characterization of Male Sterility 1 (Ms1) in bread wheat by using a combination of advanced genomic approaches. MS1 is a newly evolved gene in the Poaceae that is specifically expressed in microsporocytes, and is essential for microgametogenesis. Orthologs of Ms1 are expressed in diploid and allotetraploid ancestral species. Orthologs of Ms1 are epigenetically silenced in the A and D subgenomes of allohexaploid wheat; only Ms1 from the B subgenome is expressed. The encoded protein, Ms1, is localized to plastid and mitochondrial membranes, where it exhibits phospholipid-binding activity. These findings provide a foundation for the development of commercially viable hybrid wheat.

scholarly journals SEARCH OF FERTILITY REGULATORS FOR POLIMA TYPE CYTOPLASMIC MALE STERILITY OF SPRING RAPE (Brassica napus L.) AND ASSESSMENT OF THEIR QUALITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-32
Author(s):  
Igor Pastukhov ◽  
Vladimir Karpachev
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Reducing Agents ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Complete Restoration ◽  
Fertility Restorers

One of the prior directions in modern rapeseed breeding is making heterotic hybrids. Seed production of most hybrids F1 used in production are often carried out by two types of cytoplasmic male sterility, there are Polima and Ogura. At the All-Russian Rapeseed Research Institute, fertility restorers on sterile cytoplasm were made and estimated for the main valuable characteristics and biochemical properties. The purpose of the study was to create reducing agents necessary for obtaining highly productive hybrids on the Polima type cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS). The object of research was 56 varieties of Brassica napus L., which were chosen in 2013. The setting of experiments, observations, records and analyzes were carried out using the field plot technique, the methodology of field experiments, the method of statistical data processing. It is noted that hybrids F1 had more productivity than the parental forms and the standard (Ratnik and Rif). Promising reducing agents of cytoplasmic male sterility of the Polima type were identified, which ensured complete restoration of fertility in sterile lines with CMS of the Polima type. The reducing agent LHR-1 is of practical interest for the creation of hybrids on the Polima CMS.

Temperature and genotypic effects on the expression of pol cytoplasmic male sterility in summer rape

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 655-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Burns ◽  
R. Scarth ◽  
P. B. E. McVetty
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
High Temperature Treatment ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Pollen Production

The effect of high temperature treatment on the expression of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) was studied using inbred lines of four summer rape (Brassica napus L.) cultivars. The nuclear genotypes of inbred lines from each of the cultivars Karat, Lergo, Marnoo and Regent were evaluated for their ability to maintain pollen sterility in the pol cytoplasm. Seven days' exposure to day/night temperatures of 30/24 °C in a controlled environment led to increased pollen production in all of the F1 populations (F1's) in the study. Maximum reversion to male fertility occurred 6–13 d after removal from the high temperature treatment. There was a significant linear relationship between daily mean temperatures in the field and mean male sterility index (MSI). In Lergo, Marnoo and Regent F1's, the effect of high temperatures on male sterility expression in terms of days to maximum pollen production in the field was accurately predicted by the values obtained in the controlled environment study. For the Karat F1's, the maximum response in the field occurred later than in the controlled environment. Variation in the stability of male sterility was evident in the F1's, indicating the presence of different maintainer genes among the inbred lines of each cultivar. The absence of environment-by-line interactions in the F1's of three cultivars indicated a high degree of stability for this trait. Selection for maintenance of high levels of male sterility may therefore be possible. Key words: Brassica napus, male fertility reversion

scholarly journals Promising experimental hybrids of spring rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) for CMS-system of Polima type

2021 ◽  
Vol 186 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
I.O. Pastukhov ◽  
◽  
V.V. Karpachyov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Restorer Line ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Is Development ◽  
Fertility Restorers ◽  
Seed Growing ◽  
Research Institute

One of the prior directions in spring rapeseed breeding is development of heterotic hybrids. Seed growing of the most hybrids F1 used in production are often carried out by two types of cytoplasmic male sterility, they are polima and ogura. At the Lipetsk Rapeseed Research Institute, fertility restorers on sterile cytoplasm were made and estimated for the main valuable traits. The purpose of the research was to develop effective restorers, which are necessary for obtaining of highly productive hybrids on the Polima type cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS). The object of research was 56 varieties of Brassica napus L., which were selected in 2013. It is noted that hybrids F1 were more productive than the parental forms and the standards (the varieties Ratnik and Rif). The restorer line LHR-1 is of practical interest for the development of hybrids on the Polima CMS.

scholarly journals Genetic characterization of a new radish introgression line carrying the restorer gene for Ogura CMS in Brassica napus

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. e0236273
Author(s):  
Tonghua Wang ◽  
Yiming Guo ◽  
Zengxiang Wu ◽  
Shengqian Xia ◽  
Shuijin Hua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Introgression Line ◽  
Restorer Gene

Evaluation of the cost of restoration of male fertility in Brassica napus

Botany ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (11) ◽  
pp. 847-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin R. Montgomery ◽  
Maia F. Bailey ◽  
Gregory G. Brown ◽  
Lynda F. Delph
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Pollen Counts ◽  
Restorer Genes ◽  
The Cost

Gynodioecy frequently results from the interplay of mitochondrial cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) and nuclear fertility-restoration genes. Models suggest that maintaining cytonuclear gynodioecy requires that restorer genes incur a cost to fitness because otherwise they would increase toward fixation. Direct tests of costs of restorer alleles require knowledge of the underlying genetics of sex determination. We use a well characterized CMS system in Brassica napus L. to measure aspects of fitness in four lineages that vary in whether they carry the pol CMS gene or male-fertile cytoplasm (cam), and whether they carry the Rfp restorer of pol or Rfn restorer of the nap CMS gene. As expected, plants with pol CMS and only the Rfn restorer experienced reduced flower size, stamen length, and pollen counts. Plants with pol and the Rfp restorer showed incomplete restoration with shorter stamens than both lines with cam cytoplasm and reduced pollen counts compared with plants with cam cytoplasm and the Rfp restorer. Among plants with cam cytoplasm, pollen counts were higher for those with the Rfp than Rfn restorer, indicating a greater cost of restoration associated with Rfn. These results demonstrate that costs of restoration differ for the Rfn and Rfp alleles in B. napus.

Cytoplasmic male sterility in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.): female fertility of restored rapeseed with "Ogura" and cybrids cytoplasms

Genome ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Pellan-Delourme ◽  
M. Renard
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Embryo Sac ◽  
Female Fertility ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Restorer Genes

The study of Brassica napus L. plants carrying restorer genes introgressed from radish (Raphanus sativus L.) showed that these genes ensured restoration of male fertility in rapeseed for all the male sterility-inducing cytoplasm studied, i.e., "Ogura"-type cytoplasm and that of four cybrids obtained by protoplast fusion. Plants with high levels of restored male fertility were obtained. However, the introduction of restorer genes was accompanied by a large decrease in seed set. Observations of embryo sacs inside the ovules and correlation between number of seeds per pod and percentage of octonucleate embryo sacs indicated that low seed set could be attributed to a high rate of embryo sac abortion, mainly at the uninucleate stage. Introduction of too much radish genetic information was assumed to be the cause of this low female fertility. Female fertility must be improved before the restored material can be used for F1 hybrid rapeseed production.Key words: Brassica napus, Raphanus sativus, cytoplasmic male sterility, restorer, cybrid, female fertility, embryo sac.

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