Indonesia dikenal sebagai pusat sumber daya udang air tawar, salah satu di antaranya adalah udang galah dari daerah aliran sungai (DAS) Bengawan Solo. Kegiatan penelitian bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi secara genetik dan mendapatkan informasi tentang karakter reproduksi dan daya adaptasinya terhadap lingkungan dari udang galah Bengawan Solo. Identifikasi dilakukan melalui sekuensing daerah mtDNA CO-1. Pengamatan reproduksi dilakukan pada saat matang gonad pertama. Toleransi terhadap lingkungan terdiri atas uji salinitas, pH, suhu, dan oksigen terlarut (DO). Data sekuensing dianalisis dengan menggunakan program CLUSTAL OMEGA. Data reproduksi dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan menggunakan program Excel. Data hasil uji toleransi terhadap lingkungan dianalisis dengan menggunakan program SPSS 16. Sekuens mtDNA CO-1 udang galah Bengawan Solo mempunyai tingkat similaritas 98% terhadap Macrobrachium rosenbergii (KM234150). Proporsi basa A (27,62%), G (19,53%), T (27,34%), dan C (25,52%) menyusun 239 residu asam amino. Filogenetik berdasarkan jarak genetik mengelompokkan udang galah Bengawan Solo, GImacro, Siratu, Mahakam, dan KM234150 dalam satu grup. Induk udang galah umur 216 hari mencapai matang gonad yang pertama dengan ukuran panjang 15,32 ± 0,58 cm; bobot 48,58 ± 5,87 g (jantan) dan 13,86 ± 0,75 cm; bobot 29,04 ± 4,64 g (betina). Tingkat fekunditas yang dimiliki oleh induk betina adalah 834,67 ± 57,73 butir/g. Diameter telur berkisar 0,40-0,53 mm dengan bobot rata-rata 0,112 g. Sintasan larva hingga umur satu bulan adalah sebesar 50,56 ± 0,61%. Benih udang galah pada salinitas 5-25 ppt mempunyai tingkat sintasan 73,33%-86,67%; pH 4-8 dengan tingkat sintasan 66,67%-73,33%; suhu 20°C-34°C dengan tingkat sintasan 76,67%-96,67% dan tingkat oksigen yang dibutuhkan benih udang galah > 1,04 mg/L.Indonesia is known as a resource center for freshwater shrimp, one of which is the giant freshwater prawn from Bengawan Solo watershed. This research aimed to genetically identify and obtain information about the giant freshwater prawn’s reproduction and adaptation characters in a culture environment. Identification was made by sequencing the MtDNA CO-1 region. Reproductive observation was carried out when the first gonad matured. Environmental tolerance tests consisted of salinity, pH, temperature, and dissolved oxygen (DO) tests. Sequencing data were analyzed using the CLUSTAL OMEGA program. Reproduction data were analyzed descriptively using the Excel program. Data from the environmental tolerance tests were analyzed using the SPSS 16 software package. The mtDNA CO-1 sequencing result of Bengawan Solo prawns has a 98% similarity rate to Macrobrachium rosenbergii (KM234150). The proportions of base A (27.62%), G (19.53%), T (27.34%), and C (25.52%) have compiled 239 amino acid residues. Phylogenetic analysis based on the genetic distance has grouped Bengawan Solo, GImacro, Siratu, Mahakam, and M. rosenbergii-KM234150 in one group. The broodstock parent reached the first gonadal maturity at 216 days with an average body length and weight of 15.32 ± 0.58 cm; 48.58 ± 5.87 g for male and 13.86 ± 0.75 cm; 29.04 ± 4.64 g for female, respectively. The fecundity rate of the female parent was 834.67 ± 57.73 eggs/g body weight. Egg diameters ranged from 0.40 to 0.53 mm, with an average weight of 0.112 g. Larval survival was 50.56 ± 0.61%. Seed prawns subjected with: salinity tests between 5-25 ppt have survival rates between 73.33%-86.67%; pH tests ranged between 4-8 have survival rates between 66.67%-73.33%; temperature test between 20°C-34°C have survival rate between 76.67%-96.67%. The optimum oxygen level needed for giant prawn seeds > 1.04 mg/L.
Quality Assessment of Giant Freshwater Prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) in Ice Storage Condition Collected from Selected Farms and Depots