Coaching Behaviors Associated With Changes in Fear of Failure: Changes in Self-Talk and Need Satisfaction as Potential Mechanisms

The multidimensional, hierarchical model of fear of failure (FF) has gained popularity in sport; however, the unique meaning of lower-order fears of failing in previous research may have been obscured by the hierarchical structure of the model. The present research aimed to establish the unique psychological meaning of lower-order fears of failing. Samples of recreational athletes (N = 440) and female varsity intercollegiate track and field athletes (N = 71) completed measures of multidimensional fears of failing, self-talk while failing, 2 × 2 achievement goals, and contextual motivation. Partial correlation analyses revealed unique patterns of relationships for each lower-order FF score with the external measures of self-talk, achievement goals, and contextual motivation. Fears of experiencing shame and embarrassment appeared to be at the heart of dysfunctional aspects of FF, whereas fears of having an uncertain future evidenced some uniquely adaptive components.

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Exploring the Relationships of Autonomy- supportive Climate, Psychological Need Satisfaction and Thwarting with Students’ Self-talk in Physical Education

Journal of Education Society and Behavioural Science ◽

10.9734/jesbs/2020/v33i1130276 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 112-122

Author(s):

Evangelos Brisimis ◽

Charalampos Krommidas ◽

Evangelos Galanis ◽

Aristea Karamitrou ◽

Ioannis Syrmpas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Education ◽

Self Determination Theory ◽

Psychological Needs ◽

Need Satisfaction ◽

Basic Psychological Needs ◽

Psychological Need ◽

Supportive Behaviors ◽

Self Talk ◽

Need Thwarting ◽

Class Environment

Aims: Based on the framework of the Self-determination Theory and focusing on the theory of Basic Psychological Needs, we explored the relationships between Physical Education (PE) teachers’ autonomy-supportive behaviors and students’ need satisfaction, need thwarting, and self-talk during the PE lesson. Methodology: Participants were 544 primary and secondary education Greek students (aged from 12 to 15 years), from nine elementary schools (n = 259) and eight secondary schools (n = 285) in central Greece, who completed a multi-section questionnaire. Results: Results revealed that PE teachers’ autonomy-supportive climate and need satisfaction was positively associated with positive self-talk and negatively associated with negative self-talk, whereas need thwarting was positively related to negative self-talk and negatively related to positive self-talk. Regression analyses revealed that autonomy-supportive climate and competence need thwarting were significant predictors (positive and negative, respectively) of students’ positive self-talk. Furthermore, autonomy and relatedness need satisfaction were negative predictors, whereas competence and relatedness need thwarting were positive predictors of students’ negative self-talk. Conclusion: Overall, the findings suggest that when PE teachers create a class environment that supports students’ autonomy and the satisfaction of their BPN, while at the same prevents need thwarting, they can positively influence students’ self-talk.

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A Longitudinal Study of Mental Health in Emerging Adults

Swiss Journal of Psychology ◽

10.1024/1421-0185/a000132 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 73 (3) ◽

pp. 135-141 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Monica S. Bachmann ◽

Hansjörg Znoj ◽

Katja Haemmerli

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Emerging Adults ◽

Poor Mental Health ◽

Need Satisfaction ◽

Computer Assisted ◽

Consistency Model ◽

Negative Effect ◽

The Cross ◽

Health Model

Emerging adulthood is a time of instability. This longitudinal study investigated the relationship between mental health and need satisfaction among emerging adults over a period of five years and focused on gender-specific differences. Two possible causal models were examined: (1) the mental health model, which predicts that incongruence is due to the presence of impaired mental health at an earlier point in time; (2) the consistency model, which predicts that impaired mental health is due to a higher level of incongruence reported at an earlier point in time. Emerging adults (N = 1,017) aged 18–24 completed computer-assisted telephone interviews in 2003 (T1), 2005 (T2), and 2008 (T3). The results indicate that better mental health at T1 predicts a lower level of incongruence two years later (T2), when prior level of incongruence is controlled for. The same cross-lagged effect is shown for T3. However, the cross-lagged paths from incongruence to mental health are marginally associated when prior mental health is controlled for. No gender differences were found in the cross-lagged model. The results support the mental health model and show that incongruence does not have a long-lasting negative effect on mental health. The results highlight the importance of identifying emerging adults with poor mental health early to provide support regarding need satisfaction.

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Ein theoretischer Beitrag zu Self-talk in der Sportpsychologie

Zeitschrift für Sportpsychologie ◽

10.1026/1612-5010/a000302 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 85-94

Author(s):

Julian Fritsch ◽

Antonis Hatzigeorgiadis ◽

Darko Jekauc ◽

Alexander T. Latinjak

Keyword(s):

Self Talk

Zusammenfassung. In diesem theoretischen Artikel zum Thema Self-talk wird zunächst ein kurzer historischer Abriss gegeben, in dem auf verschiedene für das Thema relevante psychologische Theorien eingegangen wird. Darauf aufbauend wird die Unterscheidung von strategischem und organischem Self-talk, die sich in zwei verschiedenen Forschungsbereichen in der sportpsychologischen Literatur widerspiegelt, dargestellt. Im Zusammenhang mit organischem Self-talk als der Forschungsbereich, der die Messung von Self-talk während der sportlichen Aktivität beinhaltet, werden auf Zwei-Prozess-Ansätze basierende Self-talk Klassifikationen vorgestellt. Dabei wird anhand des Zusammenhanges von Self-talk und Emotionen gezeigt, dass sich die Forschung vor allem auf spontanen und zielgerichteten Self-talk als zwei Unterformen des organischen Self-talks konzentriert hat. Hinsichtlich des Forschungsfelds des strategischen Self-talks, welches Self-talk im Rahmen von geplanten Selbstinstruktionen zur Verbesserung der sportlichen Leistung untersucht, wird auf mögliche Wirkmechanismen eingegangen. Zuletzt wird die Relevanz von Self-talk in der angewandten Sportpsychologie aufgezeigt und dabei reflexive Self-talk Interventionen als eine innovative Methode beschrieben.

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A Latent State-Trait Analysis of Current Achievement Motivation Across Different Tasks of Cognitive Ability

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759/a000289 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 33 (5) ◽

pp. 318-327

Author(s):

Philipp Alexander Freund ◽

Vanessa Katharina Jaensch ◽

Franzis Preckel

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Ability ◽

Task Performance ◽

Achievement Motivation ◽

Fear Of Failure ◽

Specific Task ◽

Test Taker ◽

Specific Interest ◽

Probability Of Success ◽

Ability Tests ◽

Perceived Challenge

Abstract. The current study investigates the behavior of task-specific, current achievement motivation (CAM: interest in the task, probability of success, perceived challenge, and fear of failure) across a variety of reasoning tasks featuring verbal, numerical, and figural content. CAM is conceptualized as a state-like variable, and in order to assess the relative stability of the four CAM variables across different tasks, latent state trait analyses are conducted. The major findings indicate that the degree of challenge a test taker experiences and the fear of failing a given task appear to be relatively stable regardless of the specific task utilized, whereas interest and probability of success are more directly influenced by task-specific characteristics and demands. Furthermore, task performance is related to task-specific interest and probability of success. We discuss the implications and benefits of these results with regard to the use of cognitive ability tests in general. Importantly, taking motivational differences between test takers into account appears to offer valuable information which helps to explain differences in task performance.

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Challenge Demands, Hindrance Demands, and Psychological Need Satisfaction

Journal of Personnel Psychology ◽

10.1027/1866-5888/a000122 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 70-79 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Simon L. Albrecht

Keyword(s):

Work Engagement ◽

Job Demands ◽

Self Determination Theory ◽

Structural Equations ◽

Need Satisfaction ◽

Self Determination ◽

Job Resources ◽

Mediating Effects ◽

Psychological Need ◽

Practical Implications

The job demands-resources (JD-R) model provides a well-validated account of how job resources and job demands influence work engagement, burnout, and their constituent dimensions. The present study aimed to extend previous research by including challenge demands not widely examined in the context of the JD-R. Furthermore, and extending self-determination theory, the research also aimed to investigate the potential mediating effects that employees’ need satisfaction as regards their need for autonomy, need for belongingness, need for competence, and need for achievement, as components of a higher order needs construct, may have on the relationships between job demands and engagement. Structural equations modeling across two independent samples generally supported the proposed relationships. Further research opportunities, practical implications, and study limitations are discussed.

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