An examination of the role of opportunistic smear taking in the NHS cervical screening programme using data from the CSEU cervical screening cohort study

2007 ◽  
Vol 114 (11) ◽  
pp. 1408-1413 ◽  
Author(s):  
RG Blanks ◽  
SM Moss ◽  
DA Coleman ◽  
AJ Swerdlow
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Screening Programme ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Using Data

scholarly journals Rural community’s perspectives on cervical cancer screening: Report of a consensus-planning workshop

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (s1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Smita Asthana ◽  
Satyanarayana Labani
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Screening Programme ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Community Setting ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Using Data

<p>The success of any screening programme depends largely on the acceptability of the community to undergo screening. This study is an attempt to explore the perspectives of rural women on screening through qualitative research,<br />using data generated in a consensus workshop for an unscreened population prior to the start of a screening programme. The study adopted a qualitative method in the form of consensus-planning workshop prior to the start of the <em>care</em>HPV screening project. Knowledge about cervical cancer and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection was found to be very low. Special efforts are needed to educate the elderly women of the family and the peers of the rural community so that the project runs successfully, as their views can influence community participation. The response by rural women in undertaking selfsamplings was good. Cervical screening is acceptable and can be implemented in a rural community setting. The success of screening programme depends on health education of the rural community.</p>

scholarly journals Informal and formal social support during pregnancy and joint maternal and paternal postnatal depression: Data from the French representative ELFE cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 431-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurélie Nakamura ◽  
Anne-Laure Sutter-Dallay ◽  
Fabienne El-Khoury Lesueur ◽  
Xavier Thierry ◽  
Florence Gressier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Multinomial Regression ◽  
Formal Support ◽  
Psychological Difficulties ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Psychosocial Risk Assessment

Background: Insufficient social support has been intensively studied as a risk factor of postpartum depression (PPD) among mothers. However, to date, no study has examined the role of informal and formal dimensions of social support during pregnancy with regard to joint maternal and paternal depression after birth. Aim: Study associations between insufficient informal and formal support during pregnancy and joint parental PPD. Methods: Using data from the nationally representative French ELFE ( Etude Longitudinale Française depuis l’Enfance) cohort study ( N = 12,350), we estimated associations between insufficient informal and formal support received by the mother during pregnancy and joint parental PPD in multi-imputed multivariate multinomial regression models. Results: In 166 couples (1.3%), both parents were depressed. The likelihood of joint parental PPD was increased in case of insufficient informal support (insufficient partner support: odds ratio (OR) = 1.68 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.57–1.80); frequent quarrels: OR = 1.38 (95% CI: 1.19–1.60)). We also observed associations between formal support during pregnancy and joint parental PPD (early prenatal psychosocial risk assessment: OR = 1.13 (95% CI: 1.05–1.22); antenatal education: OR = 1.13 (95% CI: 1.05–1.23)), which disappeared when analyses were restricted to women with no psychological difficulties during pregnancy. Conclusion: Insufficient informal social support during pregnancy appears to predict risk of joint PPD in mothers and fathers and should be identified early on to limit complications and the impact on children.

scholarly journals Do not attempt cardiopulmonary resuscitation (DNACPR) decisions for older medical inpatients: a cohort study

2021 ◽  
pp. bmjspcare-2021-003084
Author(s):  
Jane Walker ◽  
Katy Burke ◽  
Marta Wanat ◽  
Harriet Hobbs ◽  
Isabelle Rocroi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Medical Inpatients ◽  
John Radcliffe Hospital ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Medical Wards ◽  
Made In

ObjectivesA decision not to attempt cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the event of cardiorespiratory arrest requires a discussion between the doctor and the patient and/or their relatives. We aimed to determine how many older patients admitted to acute medical wards had a pre-existing 'do not attempt cardiopulmonary resuscitation' (DNACPR) decision, how many had one recorded on the ward and how many of those who died had a DNACPR decision in place.MethodsA prospective cohort study, using data from medical records, of 481 consecutive patients aged ≥65 years admitted to the six acute medical wards of the John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford.Results105/481 (22%) had a DNACPR decision at ward admission, 30 of which had been made in the emergency unit. A further 45 decisions were recorded on the ward, mostly after discussion with relatives. Of the 37 patients who died, 36 had a DNACPR decision. For the 20 deceased patients whose DNACPR decision was recorded during their admission, the median time from documentation to death was 4 days with 7/20 (35%) recorded the day before death.ConclusionsOlder patients with multimorbidity need the opportunity to discuss the role of CPR earlier in their care and preferably before acute hospital admission.

scholarly journals Effectiveness and costs of an implemented primary HPV cervical screening programme in Sweden – a population based cohort study

2021 ◽  
pp. 101675
Author(s):  
Lovisa Bergengren ◽  
Linda Ryen ◽  
Clelia Flodström ◽  
Helena Fadl ◽  
Ruzan Udumyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Screening Programme ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Population Based

scholarly journals Evidence-based cervical screening: experts’ normative views of evidence and the role of the ‘evidence-based brand’

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Williams ◽  
Lucie Rychetnik ◽  
Stacy Carter
Keyword(s):  
Screening Programme ◽  
Guideline Development ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Population Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Based Medicine

Background:Organised cervical screening programmes are a combination of arrangements designed to maximise benefit and minimise harm associated with cervical cancer at the population level. Many organised programmes are described as ‘evidence-based’, reflecting an expectation that healthcare should be based on the tenets of Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM). EBM is both normalised and contested. Aims and objectives:As part of a larger study of how cervical screening came to be the way it is, we conducted a grounded theory study of cervical screening experts’ perspectives on evidence and its use in guideline development processes. Methods:We sampled from several countries and across a range of professional backgrounds. Analysis was developed through transcript coding and memo writing, using constant comparison to develop insight and connections between concepts. Findings:We found that the ‘evidence-based’ descriptor was used rhetorically to indicate scientific trustworthiness; in short ‘evidence-based’ indicated ‘good’. Experts held ideal conceptions of evidence and its use as objective and value-free, yet reported experiences that suggested those ideals were unattainable in practice. The ‘evidence-based’ ideal included restricting what counts as evidence to matters of science and epidemiology. This produced pronounced attention to matters of efficacy and effectiveness of cervical screening tests, and neglected decisions relating to the other arrangements that combine to produce an organised screening programme. Discussion and conclusions:Rhetorical use of the ‘evidence-based brand’ appeals to a particular kind of authority: one which is difficult to achieve in practice, and belies the variety of information that is required and the socially negotiated nature of policy and programme decisions.

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