The Birds of Hong Kong, Macao, and the West River or Si Kiang in South-eastern China, with special reference to their Nidification and Seasonal Movements.-Part II

Ibis ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Vaughan ◽  
K.‘H. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
The West ◽  
Seasonal Movements ◽  
South Eastern

Morphological re-examination and taxonomy of the genus Macropodus (Perciformes, Osphronemidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1908 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
TOM WINSTANLEY ◽  
KENDALL D. CLEMENTS
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Museum Specimens ◽  
Morphometric Measurements ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Chongqing Municipality ◽  
Central Vietnam ◽  
Otolith Morphology

The taxonomy of the paradisefishes of the genus Macropodus (F. Osphronemidae) has been confused due to inadequate sampling and the limitations of morphometrics and meristics in distinguishing species. The validity of the five currently described species, including two species described in 2002, was investigated using morphological characters. These characters included 25 morphometric measurements, otolith morphology, colouration, and counts of scales, vertebrae and spines in unpaired fins. Samples were collected from the described distributions of M. spechti Schreitmüller, 1936 and M. erythropterus Freyhof & Herder, 2002 in central Vietnam, and of M. hongkongensis Freyhof & Herder, 2002 in Hong Kong. Populations of M. hongkongensis were newly recorded in eastern Guangdong and Fujian Provinces, P.R. China. M. opercularis (Linnaeus, 1758) was also collected close to these locations and in the major intervening drainages. Macropodus ocellatus Cantor, 1842 was collected from Chongqing Municipality, China, and samples augmented by some museum specimens. The latter species could be distinguished from other species of the genus by both meristic and morphometric characters. The species M. spechti, M. erythropterus, M. hongkongensis and M. opercularis could not be reliably distinguished from each other by meristic and morphometric characters. Otolith morphology did not distinguish any species. Colouration discriminated all species except M. spechti / M. erythropterus. As a result, M. erythropterus Freyhof & Herder, 2002 was undiagnosable on the basis of morphology. The presence of M. hongkongensis in eastern Guangdong and Fujian Provinces, in addition to Hong Kong, indicates that distribution of this recently-described species clearly requires further investigation in south-eastern China.

scholarly journals Awareness of Online Learning of Undergraduates during COVID 19 with special reference to South Eastern University of Sri Lanka

2020 ◽  
Vol 1712 ◽  
pp. 012010
Author(s):  
ACM. Nafrees ◽  
AMF. Roshan ◽  
AS. Nuzla Baanu ◽  
M.N. Fathima Nihma ◽  
FHA. Shibly
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
South Eastern

scholarly journals Increasing surface ozone concentrations in the background atmosphere of Southern China, 1994–2007

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (16) ◽  
pp. 6217-6227 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Wang ◽  
X. L. Wei ◽  
A. J. Ding ◽  
C. N. Poon ◽  
K. S. Lam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
South China ◽  
Surface Ozone ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Urban Site ◽  
Coastal Regions ◽  
Air Masses ◽  
Background Ozone ◽  
Rate Of Increase

Abstract. Tropospheric ozone is of great importance with regard to air quality, atmospheric chemistry, and climate change. In this paper we report the first continuous record of surface ozone in the background atmosphere of South China. The data were obtained from 1994 to 2007 at a coastal site in Hong Kong, which is strongly influenced by the outflow of Asian continental air during the winter and the inflow of maritime air from the subtropics in the summer. Three methods are used to derive the rate of change in ozone. A linear fit to the 14-year record shows that the ozone concentration increased by 0.58 ppbv/yr, whereas comparing means in years 1994–2000 and 2001–2007 gives an increase of 0.87 ppbv/yr for a 7-year period. The ozone changes in air masses from various source regions are also examined. Using local wind and carbon monoxide (CO) data to filter out local influence, we find that ozone increased by 0.94 ppbv/yr from 1994–2000 to 2001–2007 in air masses from Eastern China, with similar changes in the other two continent-influenced air-mass groups, but no statistically significant change in the marine air. An examination of the nitrogen dioxide (NO2) column obtained from GOME and SCIAMACHY reveals an increase in atmospheric NO2 in China's three fastest developing coastal regions, whereas NO2 in other parts of Asia decreased during the same period, and no obvious trend over the main shipping routes in the South China Sea was indicated. Thus the observed increase in background ozone in Hong Kong is most likely due to the increased emissions of NO2 (and possibly volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as well) in the upwind coastal regions of mainland China. The CO data at Hok Tsui showed less definitive changes compared to the satellite NO2 column. The increase in background ozone likely made a strong contribution (81%) to the rate of increase in "total ozone" at an urban site in Hong Kong, suggesting the need to consider distant sources when developing long-term strategies to mitigate local ozone pollution.

IV.—On the South-Eastern Coalfield

1899 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 501-505
Author(s):  
W. Boyd Dawkins
Keyword(s):  
British Association ◽  
Total Thickness ◽  
The South ◽  
The West ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
The Rich

The discovery of a coalfield in 1890 at Dover, in a boring at the foot of Shakespeare Cliff, has been already brought before the British Association by the author at Cardiff in 1892, and is so well known that it is unnecessary to enter into details other than the following. The Carboniferous shales and sandstones contain twelve seams of coal, amounting to a total thickness of 23 feet 5 inches. These occur at a depth of 1,100 feet 6 inches below Ordnance datum, and have been penetrated to a depth of 1,064 feet 6 inches, or 2,177 feet 6 inches from the surface. They are identical, as I have shown elsewhere, with the rich and valuable coalfields of Somersetshire on the west, and of France and Belgium on the east

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