HUMAN EMBRYO FREEZING AND IN VITRO FERTILIZATION: POLICY DIRECTIONS

Сurrent problems and prerequisites for the formation of the legal regime of pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) are considered in Russian legislation with account the existing approaches to determining the legal status of a “pre-implantation” embryo obtained in the framework of the in vitro fertilization procedure (IVF) are discussed. The authors substantiates the conclusion that it is necessary to legally determine PGD as one of the stages of using IVF, as well as establishing generally binding requirements for the procedure, conditions and features of this diagnosis, taking into account the need to minimize the damage caused to the human embryo.

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Utilization of High-Security Straws for Embryo Freezing in an In Vitro Fertilization

Manual of Assisted Reproductive Technologies and Clinical Embryology ◽

10.5005/jp/books/11491_33 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 334-334

Author(s):

Basak Balaban ◽

Kayhan Yakin ◽

Aycan Isiklar ◽

Bulent Urman

Keyword(s):

In Vitro Fertilization ◽

Vitro Fertilization ◽

Embryo Freezing ◽

High Security

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In Vitro Fertilization and the Embryonic Revolution

Handbook of Research on Technoethics ◽

10.4018/978-1-60566-022-6.ch039 ◽

2009 ◽

pp. 609-622

Author(s):

D. Gareth Jones

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

In Vitro Fertilization ◽

Human Embryo ◽

Human Life ◽

Genetic Diagnosis ◽

Embryonic Stem ◽

Reproductive Technologies ◽

Vitro Fertilization ◽

Human Embryology

The advent of in vitro fertilization (IVF) marked a watershed in the scientific understanding of the human embryo. This, in turn, led to a renaissance of human embryology, accompanied by the ability to manipulate the human embryo in the laboratory. This ability has resulted in yet further developments: refinements of IVF itself, preimplantation genetic diagnosis, the derivation and extraction of embryonic stem cells, and even various forms of cloning. There are immense social and scientific pressures to utilize the artificial reproductive technologies in ways that have little or no connection with overcoming infertility. As the original clinical goals of IVF have undergone transformation ethical concerns have escalated, so much so that they are condemned by some as illustrations of ‘playing God’, while any babies born via some of these procedures are labelled as ‘designer babies’. Both terms reflect the fear and repugnance felt by some at the interference with the earliest stages of human life by the artificial reproductive technologies. It is at these points that bioethical analyses have an important contribution to make.

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Fertility Preservation Success Subsequent to Concurrent Aromatase Inhibitor Treatment and Ovarian Stimulation in Women With Breast Cancer

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2014.59.3723 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 33 (22) ◽

pp. 2424-2429 ◽

Cited By ~ 101

Author(s):

Kutluk Oktay ◽

Volkan Turan ◽

Giuliano Bedoschi ◽

Fernanda S. Pacheco ◽

Fred Moy

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

In Vitro Fertilization ◽

Fertility Preservation ◽

Embryo Transfer ◽

Ovarian Stimulation ◽

Live Birth Rate ◽

Embryo Cryopreservation ◽

Vitro Fertilization ◽

Embryo Freezing

Purpose We have previously reported an approach to ovarian stimulation for the purpose of fertility preservation (FP) in women with breast cancer via embryo freezing with the concurrent use of letrozole. The aim of this study was to provide the pregnancy and FP outcomes when embryos generated with the same protocol are used. Patients and Methods In all, 131 women with stage ≤ 3 breast cancer underwent ovarian stimulation and received concurrent letrozole 5 mg per day before receiving adjuvant chemotherapy and cryopreserving embryos. Results Thirty-three of the 131 women underwent 40 attempts to transfer embryos to their own uterus (n = 18) or via the use of a gestational carrier (n = 22) at a mean age of 41.5 ± 4.3 years with a median 5.25 years after embryo cryopreservation. The overall live birth rate per embryo transfer was similar to the US national mean among infertile women of a similar age undergoing in vitro fertilization–embryo transfer (45.0 v 38.2; P = .2). Seven (38.8%) of the 18 pregnancies were twins with no higher-order pregnancies being encountered. No fetal anomalies or malformations were reported in 25 children after a mean follow-up of 40.4 ± 26.4 months. Seventeen of the 33 women attempting pregnancy had at least one child, translating into an FP rate of 51.5% per attempting woman. Conclusion Embryo cryopreservation after ovarian stimulation with the letrozole and follicle-stimulating hormone protocol preserves fertility in women with breast cancer and results in pregnancy rates comparable to those expected in a noncancer population undergoing in vitro fertilization.

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