White House Structure and Decision Making: Elaborating the Standard Model

Following the analysis given by Alan Turing in 1951, one must expect that AI capabilities will eventually exceed those of humans across a wide range of real-world-decision making scenarios. Should this be a cause for concern, as Turing, Hawking, and others have suggested? And, if so, what can we do about it? While some in the mainstream AI community dismiss the issue, I will argue that the problem is real: we have to work out how to design AI systems that are far more powerful than ourselves while ensuring that they never have power over us. I believe the technical aspects of this problem are solvable. Whereas the standard model of AI proposes to build machines that optimize known, exogenously specified objectives, a preferable approach would be to build machines that are of provable benefit to humans. I introduce assistance games as a formal class of problems whose solution, under certain assumptions, has the desired property.

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Artificial Intelligence and the Problem of Control

10.1007/978-3-030-86144-5_3 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 19-24

Author(s):

Stuart Russell

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Decision Making ◽

Standard Model ◽

Real World ◽

New Model ◽

The Real ◽

Ability To Act ◽

The Standard Model ◽

Philosophy And Economics

AbstractA long tradition in philosophy and economics equates intelligence with the ability to act rationally—that is, to choose actions that can be expected to achieve one’s objectives. This framework is so pervasive within AI that it would be reasonable to call it the standard model. A great deal of progress on reasoning, planning, and decision-making, as well as perception and learning, has occurred within the standard model. Unfortunately, the standard model is unworkable as a foundation for further progress because it is seldom possible to specify objectives completely and correctly in the real world. The chapter proposes a new model for AI development in which the machine’s uncertainty about the true objective leads to qualitatively new modes of behavior that are more robust, controllable, and deferential to humans.

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A pragmatist's guide to the assessment of decision-making capacity

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.2019.17 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 214 (4) ◽

pp. 183-185 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Rocksheng Zhong ◽

Dominic A. Sisti ◽

Jason H. Karlawish

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Standard Model ◽

Pragmatic Approach ◽

Decision Making Capacity ◽

The Standard Model ◽

Difficult Cases

SummaryChoice, understanding, appreciation and reasoning compose the standard model of decision-making capacity. Difficulties in determining capacity can arise when patients exhibit partial impairment. We suggest that a pragmatic approach, focusing on how capacity status affects the ultimate decision to override the patient's wishes, can help evaluators resolve difficult cases.Declaration of interestNone.

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Indirect measurements in micro-space with the EM

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100139366 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 53 ◽

pp. 598-599

Author(s):

Sterling P. Newberry

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Standard Model ◽

Particle Physics ◽

Information Storage ◽

Storage Space ◽

Indirect Measurements ◽

Storage And Retrieval ◽

Adequate Information ◽

Compelling Reason ◽

The Standard Model

At the 1958 meeting of our society, then known as EMSA, the author introduced the concept of microspace and suggested its use to provide adequate information storage space and the use of electron microscope techniques to provide storage and retrieval access. At this current meeting of MSA, he wishes to suggest an additional use of the power of the electron microscope.The author has been contemplating this new use for some time and would have suggested it in the EMSA fiftieth year commemorative volume, but for page limitations. There is compelling reason to put forth this suggestion today because problems have arisen in the “Standard Model” of particle physics and funds are being greatly reduced just as we need higher energy machines to resolve these problems. Therefore, any techniques which complement or augment what we can accomplish during this austerity period with the machines at hand is worth exploring.

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Phenomena Beyond the Standard Model: What Do We Expect for New Physics to Look Like?

10.3389/978-2-88963-990-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Standard Model ◽

New Physics ◽

Beyond The Standard Model ◽

The Standard Model

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An Interview with the Physicist that Her Head in the Universe and Both Feet on the Earth

10.31227/osf.io/mfv4e ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Adib Rifqi Setiawan

Keyword(s):

Standard Model ◽

Particle Physics ◽

Space Time ◽

Additional Dimension ◽

The Earth ◽

The Standard Model ◽

The Universe

Put simply, Lisa Randall’s job is to figure out how the universe works, and what it’s made of. Her contributions to theoretical particle physics include two models of space-time that bear her name. The first Randall–Sundrum model addressed a problem with the Standard Model of the universe, and the second concerned the possibility of a warped additional dimension of space. In this work, we caught up with Randall to talk about why she chose a career in physics, where she finds inspiration, and what advice she’d offer budding physicists. This article has been edited for clarity. My favourite quote in this interview is, “Figure out what you enjoy, what your talents are, and what you’re most curious to learn about.” If you insterest in her work, you can contact her on Twitter @lirarandall.

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An Interview with the Physicist that Her Head in the Universe and Both Feet on the Earth

10.31229/osf.io/jdw7f ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Adib Rifqi Setiawan

Keyword(s):

Standard Model ◽

Particle Physics ◽

Space Time ◽

Additional Dimension ◽

The Earth ◽

The Standard Model ◽

The Universe

Put simply, Lisa Randall’s job is to figure out how the universe works, and what it’s made of. Her contributions to theoretical particle physics include two models of space-time that bear her name. The first Randall–Sundrum model addressed a problem with the Standard Model of the universe, and the second concerned the possibility of a warped additional dimension of space. In this work, we caught up with Randall to talk about why she chose a career in physics, where she finds inspiration, and what advice she’d offer budding physicists. This article has been edited for clarity. My favourite quote in this interview is, “Figure out what you enjoy, what your talents are, and what you’re most curious to learn about.” If you insterest in her work, you can contact her on Twitter @lirarandall.

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