An Interview with the Physicist that Her Head in the Universe and Both Feet on the Earth

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adib Rifqi Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Additional Dimension ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
The Universe

Put simply, Lisa Randall’s job is to figure out how the universe works, and what it’s made of. Her contributions to theoretical particle physics include two models of space-time that bear her name. The first Randall–Sundrum model addressed a problem with the Standard Model of the universe, and the second concerned the possibility of a warped additional dimension of space. In this work, we caught up with Randall to talk about why she chose a career in physics, where she finds inspiration, and what advice she’d offer budding physicists. This article has been edited for clarity. My favourite quote in this interview is, “Figure out what you enjoy, what your talents are, and what you’re most curious to learn about.” If you insterest in her work, you can contact her on Twitter @lirarandall.

An Interview with the Physicist that Her Head in the Universe and Both Feet on the Earth

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adib Rifqi Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Additional Dimension ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
The Universe

Put simply, Lisa Randall’s job is to figure out how the universe works, and what it’s made of. Her contributions to theoretical particle physics include two models of space-time that bear her name. The first Randall–Sundrum model addressed a problem with the Standard Model of the universe, and the second concerned the possibility of a warped additional dimension of space. In this work, we caught up with Randall to talk about why she chose a career in physics, where she finds inspiration, and what advice she’d offer budding physicists. This article has been edited for clarity. My favourite quote in this interview is, “Figure out what you enjoy, what your talents are, and what you’re most curious to learn about.” If you insterest in her work, you can contact her on Twitter @lirarandall.

Particle physics today, tomorrow and beyond

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (02) ◽  
pp. 1830003 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Beyond The Standard Model ◽  
Visible Matter ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Cosmological Inflation ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Lhc I

The most important discovery in particle physics in recent years was that of the Higgs boson, and much effort is continuing to measure its properties, which agree obstinately with the Standard Model, so far. However, there are many reasons to expect physics beyond the Standard Model, motivated by the stability of the electroweak vacuum, the existence of dark matter and the origin of the visible matter in the Universe, neutrino physics, the hierarchy of mass scales in physics, cosmological inflation and the need for a quantum theory for gravity. Most of these issues are being addressed by the experiments during Run 2 of the LHC, and supersymmetry could help resolve many of them. In addition to the prospects for the LHC, I also review briefly those for direct searches for dark matter and possible future colliders.

The Daya Bay Experiment and the Discovery of a New Type of Neutrino Oscillation

2012 ◽  
Vol 01 (02) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
Yifang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Neutrino Oscillation ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Weak Interactions ◽  
Daya Bay ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
New Type ◽  
Charged Leptons ◽  
The Universe

We know nowadays that the matter world we live in is made of 12 elementary particles, including 6 quarks, 3 charged leptons and 3 neutrinos. Among them, neutrinos are least known since they do not carry the electric charge and interact with others only weakly (often referred as the nuclear weak interactions). In the Standard Model of particle physics before 1998, neutrinos are considered as massless for simplicity and lack of experimental evidence. However, they are so abundant in the universe that their masses, even if tiny, will have significant impact to the particle physics, astrophysics and cosmology.

scholarly journals SMART U(1)$$_X$$: standard model with axion, right handed neutrinos, two Higgs doublets and U(1)$$_X$$ gauge symmetry

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuchika Okada ◽  
Digesh Raut ◽  
Qaisar Shafi
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Gauge Symmetry ◽  
Domain Wall ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Inflection Point ◽  
Baryon Asymmetry ◽  
Grand Unification ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
The Universe

AbstractTo address five fundamental shortcomings of the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics and cosmology, we propose a phenomenologically viable framework based on a $$U(1)_X \times U(1)_{PQ}$$ U ( 1 ) X × U ( 1 ) PQ extension of the SM, that we call “SMART U(1)$$_X$$ X ”. The $$U(1)_X$$ U ( 1 ) X gauge symmetry is a well-known generalization of the $$U(1)_{B-L}$$ U ( 1 ) B - L symmetry and $$U(1)_{PQ}$$ U ( 1 ) PQ is the global Peccei–Quinn (PQ) symmetry. Three right handed neutrinos are added to cancel $$U(1)_X$$ U ( 1 ) X related anomalies, and they play a crucial role in understanding the observed neutrino oscillations and explaining the observed baryon asymmetry in the universe via leptogenesis. Implementation of PQ symmetry helps resolve the strong CP problem and also provides axion as a compelling dark matter (DM) candidate. The $$U(1)_X$$ U ( 1 ) X gauge symmetry enables us to implement the inflection-point inflation scenario with $$H_{inf} \lesssim 2 \times 10^{7}$$ H inf ≲ 2 × 10 7  GeV, where $$H_{inf}$$ H inf is the value of Hubble parameter during inflation. This is crucial to overcome a potential axion domain wall problem as well as the axion isocurvature problem. The SMART U(1)$$_X$$ X framework can be successfully implemented in the presence of SU(5) grand unification, as we briefly show.

scholarly journals Outstanding questions: physics beyond the Standard Model

2012 ◽  
Vol 370 (1961) ◽  
pp. 818-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Higgs Boson ◽  
Large Hadron Collider ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Beyond The Standard Model ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Universe

The Standard Model of particle physics agrees very well with experiment, but many important questions remain unanswered, among them are the following. What is the origin of particle masses and are they due to a Higgs boson? How does one understand the number of species of matter particles and how do they mix? What is the origin of the difference between matter and antimatter, and is it related to the origin of the matter in the Universe? What is the nature of the astrophysical dark matter? How does one unify the fundamental interactions? How does one quantize gravity? In this article, I introduce these questions and discuss how they may be addressed by experiments at the Large Hadron Collider, with particular attention to the search for the Higgs boson and supersymmetry.

scholarly journals CosPA 2015 and the Standard Model

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 1660187
Author(s):  
W.-Y. Pauchy Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Group Structure ◽  
Minkowski Space Time ◽  
Dimensional Minkowski Space ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Keynote Speech ◽  
Structure Formula ◽  
Entire World ◽  
The Universe

In this keynote speech, I describe briefly “The Universe”, a journal/newsletter launched by APCosPA Organization, and my lifetime research on the Standard Model of particle physics. In this 21st Century, we should declare that we live in the quantum 4-dimensional Minkowski space-time with the force-fields gauge-group structure [Formula: see text] built-in from the very beginning. This background can see the lepton world, of atomic sizes, and offers us the eyes to see other things. It also can see the quark world, of the Fermi sizes, and this fact makes this entire world much more interesting.

scholarly journals Search for Hidden Particles in Intensity Frontier Experiment SHiP

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 689
Author(s):  
V. M. Gorkavenko
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Neutrino Oscillations ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Baryon Asymmetry ◽  
Heavy Particles ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Universe

Despite the undeniable success of the Standard Model of particle physics (SM), there are some phenomena (neutrino oscillations, baryon asymmetry of the Universe, dark matter, etc.) that SM cannot explain. This phenomena indicate that the SM have to be modified. Most likely, there are new particles beyond the SM. There are many experiments to search for new physics that can be can divided into two types: energy and intensity frontiers. In experiments of the first type, one tries to directly produce and detect new heavy particles. In experiments of the second type, one tries to directly produce and detect new light particles that feebly interact with SM particles. The future intensity frontier SHiP experiment (Search for Hidden Particles) at the CERN SPS is discussed. Its advantages and technical characteristics are given.

scholarly journals Deducing the symmetry of the standard model from the automorphism and structure groups of the exceptional Jordan algebra

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (20) ◽  
pp. 1850118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Todorov ◽  
Michel Dubois-Violette
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Lie Groups ◽  
Jordan Algebra ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Quantum Algebra ◽  
Compact Lie Groups ◽  
Finite Dimensional ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Exceptional Lie Groups

We continue the study undertaken in Ref. 16 of the exceptional Jordan algebra [Formula: see text] as (part of) the finite-dimensional quantum algebra in an almost classical space–time approach to particle physics. Along with reviewing known properties of [Formula: see text] and of the associated exceptional Lie groups we argue that the symmetry of the model can be deduced from the Borel–de Siebenthal theory of maximal connected subgroups of simple compact Lie groups.

Inflation, LHC and the Higgs boson

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (28n29) ◽  
pp. 1545001
Author(s):  
Fedor Bezrukov ◽  
Mikhail Shaposhnikov
Keyword(s):  
Higgs Boson ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Planck Scale ◽  
Inflationary Cosmology ◽  
Evolution Of The Universe ◽  
Short Overview ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
The Universe

After the Higgs boson has been discovered, the Standard Model of particle physics became a confirmed theory, potentially valid up to the Planck scale and allowing to trace the evolution of the Universe from inflationary stage till the present days. We discuss the relation between the results from the LHC and the inflationary cosmology. We given an overview of the Higgs inflation, and its relation to the possible metastability of the electroweak vacuum. A short overview of the bounds on the metastability of the electroweak vacuum in the models with inflation not related to the Higgs boson is presented.

scholarly journals SUSY Perceptions Reveal Standard Model Contradictions: Gravity Absence, Hierarchy Problem, Antimatter Puzzle, Muon g-2 Results, Anti-Down Quark Domination

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Housam H Safadi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Real World ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Hierarchy Problem ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Down Quark ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
The Universe

The road map in this research proves that the universe emerged from SUSY. Proving that, we link between two different classes of SM, fermions, and bosons in supersymmetry with their properties in the Standard Model of particle physics. According to SM properties, the bosons have spin one, while fermions have spin 1/2. We suggest differentiating between bosons and fermions angular momentum in our real world with a supersymmetrical state. We presume that bosons and fermions in their supersymmetric environment will have akin graviton spin angular momentum 2, while their superpartners will have spin one. In addition to that, in the supersymmetric environment, the fermion, boson, and their counterparts experience CPT conservation. They enjoy eternity with "Gravitons." Once upon a time, the boson and fermion descended from a supersymmetric state down through string theories' dimensions and M-theory's branes, stabilizing and forming SM quarks and, therefore, everything in our real world

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