Temporary Axonal Conduction Block and Axonal Loss in Inflammatory Neurological Disease: A Potential Role for Nitric Oxide?

Inhaled nitric oxide has been used for 30 years to improve oxygenation and decrease pulmonary vascular resistance. In the past 15 years, there has been increased understanding of the role of endogenous nitric oxide on cell surface receptors, mitochondria, and intracellular processes involving calcium and superoxide radicals. This has led to several animal and human experiments revealing a potential role for administered nitric oxide or nitric oxide donors in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome or ischaemia–reperfusion injury, and in patients for whom exposure of blood to artificial surfaces has occurred.

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Nitric oxide, mitochondria and neurological disease

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics ◽

10.1016/s0005-2728(98)00168-6 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 1410 (2) ◽

pp. 215-228 ◽

Cited By ~ 330

Author(s):

Simon J.R. Heales ◽

Juan P. Bolaños ◽

Victoria C. Stewart ◽

Paul S. Brookes ◽

John M. Land ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Neurological Disease

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Localization of nitric oxide synthase in saphenous vein grafts harvested with a novel “no-touch” technique: Potential role of nitric oxide contribution to improved early graft patency rates

Journal of Vascular Surgery ◽

10.1067/mva.2002.121072 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 35 (2) ◽

pp. 356-362 ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

Janice C.S. Tsui ◽

Domingos S.R. Souza ◽

Derek Filbey ◽

Mats G. Karlsson ◽

Michael R. Dashwood

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽

Saphenous Vein ◽

Potential Role ◽

Graft Patency ◽

Vein Grafts ◽

Saphenous Vein Grafts ◽

Early Graft ◽

Oxide Synthase

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Reversible conduction block produced by lipid-insoluble quaternary ammonium ions in cetyltrimethylammonium bromide-treated nerves

American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content ◽

10.1152/ajplegacy.1959.197.3.547 ◽

1959 ◽

Vol 197 (3) ◽

pp. 547-550 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Raymond R. Walsh ◽

Stanley E. Deal

Keyword(s):

Quaternary Ammonium ◽

Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide ◽

Surface Active Agent ◽

Conduction Block ◽

Active Agent ◽

Ammonium Ions ◽

Axonal Conduction ◽

Quaternary Ammonium Ions ◽

Surface Active ◽

The Individual

Frog sciatic nerves were excised and treated in a Ringer's solution containing the surface-active agent, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTMB). Such CTMB-treated nerves were compared to normal, untreated nerves with respect to their susceptibility to conduction block produced by six lipid-insoluble quaternary ammonium ions; the CTMB-treated nerves were rendered especially susceptible to rapid, reversible conduction block. A possible mechanism of CTMB action is proposed, involving chemo-dissection of permeability barriers which normally surround the individual axons. The findings that acetylcholine, curare, etc. can produce reversible, axonal conduction block in CTMB-treated nerves are not inconsistent with a theory of cholinergic impulse conduction.

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