Mesophyll conductance modulates photosynthetic rate in cotton crops exposed to heat stress under field conditions

Understanding the mechanism for heat tolerance is important for the hot pepper breeding program to develop heat-tolerant cultivars in changing climate. This study was conducted to investigate physiological and biochemical parameters related to heat tolerance and to determine leaf heat damage levels critical for selecting heat-tolerant genotypes. Seedlings of two commercial cultivars, heat-tolerant ‘NW Bigarim’ (NB) and susceptible ‘Chyung Yang’ (CY), were grown in 42 °C for ten days. Photosynthesis, electrolyte conductivity, proline content were measured among seedlings during heat treatment. Photosynthetic rate was significantly reduced in ‘CY’ but not in ‘NB’ seedlings in 42 °C. Stomatal conductivity and transpiration rate was significantly higher in ‘NB’ than ‘CY’. Proline content was also significantly higher in ‘NB’. After heat treatment, leaf heat damages were determined as 0, 25, 50 and 75% and plants with different leaf heat damages were moved to a glasshouse (30–32/22–24 °C in day/night). The growth and developmental parameters were investigated until 70 days. ‘NB’ was significantly affected by leaf heat damages only in fruit yield while ‘CY’ was in fruit set, number and yield. ‘NB’ showed fast recovery after heat stress compared to ‘CY’. These results suggest that constant photosynthetic rate via increased transpiration rate as well as high proline content in heat stress condition confer faster recovery from heat damage of heat-tolerant cultivars in seedlings stages.

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Metabolic responses of rice cultivars with different tolerance to combined drought and heat stress under field conditions

GigaScience ◽

10.1093/gigascience/giz050 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Lovely Mae F Lawas ◽

Xia Li ◽

Alexander Erban ◽

Joachim Kopka ◽

S V Krishna Jagadish ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Field Conditions ◽

Metabolic Responses ◽

Rice Cultivars ◽

Drought And Heat Stress

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Capturing heat stress induced variability in spikelet sterility using panicle, leaf and air temperature under field conditions

Field Crops Research ◽

10.1016/j.fcr.2015.10.012 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 190 ◽

pp. 10-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Rajendran Sathishraj ◽

Raju Bheemanahalli ◽

Mahendran Ramachandran ◽

Michael Dingkuhn ◽

Raveendran Muthurajan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Field Conditions ◽

Spikelet Sterility

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Heat stress in temperate and tropical maize hybrids: A novel approach for assessing sources of kernel loss in field conditions

Field Crops Research ◽

10.1016/j.fcr.2012.11.009 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 142 ◽

pp. 58-67 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

J.I. Rattalino Edreira ◽

M.E. Otegui

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Field Conditions ◽

Tropical Maize ◽

Maize Hybrids ◽

Novel Approach

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Physiological and Gene Expression Changes of Clematis crassifolia and Clematis cadmia in Response to Heat Stress

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2021.624875 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Qingdi Hu ◽

Renjuan Qian ◽

Yanjun Zhang ◽

Xule Zhang ◽

Xiaohua Ma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Amino Acids ◽

Heat Stress ◽

Net Photosynthetic Rate ◽

Photosynthetic Rate ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Molecular Response ◽

Soluble Protein Content ◽

Antioxidant Parameters ◽

Temperature Adaptability

Clematis is a superior perennial ornamental vine known for varied colors and shapes of its flowers. Clematis crassifolia is sensitive to high temperature, whereas Clematis cadmia has a certain temperature adaptability. Here we analyzed the potential regulatory mechanisms of C. crassifolia and C. cadmia in response to heat stress by studying the photosynthesis, antioxidant parameters, amino acids, and gene expression patterns under three temperature treatments. Heat stress caused the fading of leaves; decreased net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activity; increased 13 kinds of amino acids content; and up-regulated the expression of seven genes, including C194329_G3, C194434_G1, and C188817_g1, etc., in C. crassifolia plants. Under the treatments of heat stress, the leaf tips of C. cadmia were wilted, and the net photosynthetic rate and soluble protein content decreased, with the increase of 12 amino acids content and the expression of c194329_g3, c194434_g1, and c195983_g1. Our results showed that C. crassifolia and C. cadmia had different physiological and molecular response mechanisms to heat stress during the ecological adaptation.

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Thermotolerance and Physiological Traits as Fast Tools to Heat Tolerance Selection in Experimental Sugarcane Genotypes

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture9120251 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 251

Author(s):

Sergio Castro-Nava ◽

Enrique López-Rubio

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Heat Tolerance ◽

Cell Injury ◽

Field Testing ◽

Breeding Program ◽

Field Conditions ◽

High Yield ◽

Temperature Stresses ◽

Highly Sensitive ◽

Membrane Thermostability

Heat stress limits the growth, development, and yield of crop plants when it occurs during short or long periods of time. An experiment was conducted with the objectives of (i) evaluating the cell membrane thermostability (CMT) as an indicator of heat tolerance in sugarcane and to determine its relationship with physiological parameters under heat-stressed conditions, and (ii) evaluating the utility of CMT for selecting heat-tolerant genotypes in a breeding program. A total of nine elite experimental, and four commercial sugarcane genotypes were evaluated for CMT, and the results are expressed as relative cell injury (RCI). Six genotypes were classified as highly tolerant and seven as highly sensitive. We concluded that the use of RCI, as an indicator of CMT in sugarcane genotypes, is a suitable useful parameter for selecting the genotypes tolerant to heat stress in a breeding program. This procedure, combined with other characters, helps to identify sugarcane plants with the ability to maintain a high yield photosynthetic rate under stressful field conditions. Furthermore, it offers an opportunity to improve selection efficiency over that of field testing, since high temperature stresses do not occur consistently under field conditions.

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An early-morning flowering trait in rice can enhance grain yield under heat stress field conditions at flowering stage

Field Crops Research ◽

10.1016/j.fcr.2021.108400 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 277 ◽

pp. 108400

Author(s):

Tsutomu Ishimaru ◽

Khin Thandar Hlaing ◽

Ye Min Oo ◽

Tin Mg Lwin ◽

Kazuhiro Sasaki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Stress Field ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Early Morning ◽

Field Conditions ◽

Flowering Stage

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Variation in mesophyll conductance among Australian wheat genotypes

Functional Plant Biology ◽

10.1071/fp13254 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 41 (6) ◽

pp. 568 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Eisrat Jahan ◽

Jeffrey S. Amthor ◽

Graham D. Farquhar ◽

Richard Trethowan ◽

Margaret M. Barbour

Keyword(s):

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Use ◽

Photosynthetic Rate ◽

Genotypic Variation ◽

Leaf Age ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Mesophyll Conductance ◽

Wheat Genotypes ◽

Intrinsic Water Use Efficiency ◽

Use Efficiency

CO2 diffusion from substomatal intercellular cavities to sites of carboxylation in chloroplasts (mesophyll conductance; gm) limits photosynthetic rate and influences leaf intrinsic water-use efficiency (A/gsw). We investigated genotypic variability of gm and effects of gm on A/gsw among eleven wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes under light-saturated conditions and at either 2 or 21% O2. Significant variation in gm and A/gsw was found between genotypes at both O2 concentrations, but there was no significant effect of O2 concentration on gm. Further, gm was correlated with photosynthetic rate among the 11 genotypes, but was unrelated to stomatal conductance. The effect of leaf age differed between genotypes, with gm being lower in older leaves for one genotype but not another. This study demonstrates a high level of variation in gm between wheat genotypes; 0.5 to 1.0 μmol m−2 s−1 bar−1. Further, leaf age effects indicate that great care must be taken to choose suitable leaves in studies of genotypic variation in gm and water-use efficiency.

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