The Relation of Pro-Sociality to Self-Esteem: The Mediational Role of Quality of Friendships

(1) Background: Academic engagement has been reported in the literature as an important factor in the academic achievement of university students. Other factors such as emotional intelligence (EI) and resilience have also been related to students’ performance and quality of life. The present study has two clearly delimited and interrelated objectives. First, to study the mediational role that engagement plays in the relationship between EI and resilience on quality of life. Secondly, and similarly, to study the mediational role of engagement in the relationship between EI and resilience, but in this case on academic achievement. (2) Methods: For this purpose, four scales frequently used in the literature to measure emotional intelligence, resilience, academic engagement and quality of life were administered to 427 students of the University of Jaén undertaking education degrees. In addition, students were asked to indicate their current average mark as a measure of academic performance. Two mediational models based on structural equations were proposed to analyse the relationships between the proposed variables. (3) Results: The results obtained showed that emotional intelligence and resilience directly predicted students’ life satisfaction, but this direct relationship did not result in academic performance. In addition, and assuming a finding not found so far, engagement was shown to exert an indirect mediational role for both life satisfaction and academic performance of students. (4) Conclusions: The findings of the study support the importance of engagement in the design and development of instructional processes, as well as in the implementation of any initiative.

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Body image, self-esteem, and sense of masculinity in patients with prostate cancer: a qualitative meta-synthesis

Journal of Cancer Survivorship ◽

10.1007/s11764-021-01007-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jessica Bowie ◽

Oliver Brunckhorst ◽

Robert Stewart ◽

Prokar Dasgupta ◽

Kamran Ahmed

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Body Image ◽

Cancer Survivors ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Qualitative Studies ◽

Prostate Cancer Survivors ◽

Key Factor ◽

Key Topics

Abstract Purpose Body image, self-esteem, and masculinity are three interconnected constructs in men with prostate cancer, with profound effects on quality of life. This meta-synthesis aimed to evaluate all known qualitative studies published studying the effect of prostate cancer on these constructs. Methods A systematic review utilising PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO databases up to May 2020 was conducted in line with PRISMA and ENTREQ guidelines. All qualitative studies of men’s experiences with body image, self-esteem, and masculinity whilst living with prostate cancer were included. A thematic meta-synthesis was conducted to identify emergent descriptive and analytical themes under the main study constructs. Results Of 2188 articles identified, 68 were included. Eight descriptive themes were identified under two analytical themes: ‘Becoming a Prostate Cancer Patient’ and ‘Becoming a Prostate Cancer Survivor’. These described the distress caused by changes to body image, sexual functioning, sense of masculinity, and self-esteem, and the subsequent discourses men engaged with to cope with and manage their disease. A key element was increased flexibility in masculinity definitions, and finding other ways to re-affirm masculinity. Conclusions Prostate cancer has an important effect on men’s health post-diagnosis, and we identified strong relationships between each construct evaluated. The role of hegemonic masculinity is important when considering men’s coping mechanisms and is also a key factor when addressing these constructs in counselling post-treatment. Implications for Cancer Survivors This meta-synthesis provides key topics that uniquely affect prostate cancer survivors, enabling these patients to be effectively counselled, and have their concerns recognised by clinicians.

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Effects of negative and positive affect on antenatal maternal attachment: The mediational role of resilience and self-esteem

Current Psychology ◽

10.1007/s12144-021-02571-0 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Ana Carolina Barris-Oliveira ◽

Gabriel Lins de Holanda Coelho ◽

Adolfo Wenjaw Liao ◽

Fernanda Ferraz Assir ◽

Ana Lucia Neves ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Positive Affect ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Maternal Attachment ◽

Mediational Role

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The Mediational Role of Burden and Perceived Stress in Subjective Memory Complaints in Informal Cancer Caregivers

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17072190 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (7) ◽

pp. 2190

Author(s):

Marta Ramos-Campos ◽

Rosa Redolat ◽

Patricia Mesa-Gresa

Keyword(s):

Cancer Patients ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Informal Caregivers ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Subjective Memory Complaints ◽

Subjective Memory ◽

Memory Complaints ◽

Mediational Role

The role of informal caregiver of cancer patients is considered a situation of chronic stress that could have impact on cognitive functioning. Our aim was to evaluate differences in perceived stress, subjective memory complaints, self-esteem, and resilience between caregivers and non-caregivers, as well as the possible mediational role of burden in caregivers. The sample was composed of 60 participants divided into two groups: (1) Primary informal caregivers of a relative with cancer (CCG) (n = 34); and (2) non-caregiver control subjects (Non-CG) (n = 26). All participants were evaluated through a battery of tests: Socio-demographic questionnaire, subjective memory complaints questionnaire (MFE-30), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, resilience (CD-RISC-10), and perceived stress scale (PSS). The CCG group also completed the Zarit burden interview. Results indicated that CCG displayed higher scores than Non-CG in MFE-30 (p = 0.000) and PSS (p = 0.005). In the CCG group, Pearson correlations indicated that PSS showed a negative relationship with resilience (p = 0.000) and self-esteem (p = 0.002) and positive correlation with caregiver’s burden (p = 0.015). In conclusion, CCG displayed higher number of subjective memory complaints and higher perceived stress than Non-CG, whereas no significant differences were obtained on self-esteem and resilience. These results could aid in designing new intervention strategies aimed to diminish stress, burden, or cognitive effects in informal caregivers of cancer patients.

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