Mitigating the Challenges of Partner Knowledge Diversity While Enhancing Research & Development (R&D) Alliance Performance: The Role of Alliance Governance Mechanisms

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeongho Choi
Keyword(s):  
Research Development ◽  
Governance Mechanisms ◽  
Alliance Performance ◽  
Knowledge Diversity ◽  
Alliance Governance ◽  
Partner Knowledge

Governance mechanism alignment at the top and operating levels of alliance hierarchy: reconciling two competing schools of thought

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Bai ◽  
Shibin Sheng ◽  
Julie Juan Li
Keyword(s):  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Governance Mechanisms ◽  
Relational Governance ◽  
Positive Interaction ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Alliance Performance ◽  
Operating Level ◽  
Hierarchical Levels ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Alliance Governance

Purpose This paper aims to examine alliance governance at different hierarchical levels. Design/methodology/approach The data is collected from both top-level and operating-level managers in 286 strategic alliances in China (a total of 572 managers). Hierarchical moderated regression models are adopted to test the hypotheses and two-stage regression analyzes are used to correct for endogeneity. Findings This paper finds that relational governance has a greater impact on alliance performance than contract utilization at the top level. Furthermore, the simultaneous use of relational governance at the top and operating levels have a detrimental impact on alliance performance. Finally, top-level contract utilization has a negative interaction with operating-level relational governance but a positive interaction with operating-level contract utilization. Research limitations/implication First, the cross-sectional nature of the data collection approach provides only a snapshot of how each type of governance mechanism and its interactions affect alliance performance. Second, the sample is limited to firms located in emerging markets. Practical implications Managers should realize that the effectiveness of contract and relational governance mechanisms varies across different management levels and they should be cautious about the cross-level governance mechanism alignment. Originality/value This study advances the interfirm governance literature in that this paper examined alliance governance at different hierarchical levels and provides new insights into the ongoing debate on whether the contract and relational governance mechanisms function as complements or substitutes by exploring the governance alignment across different alliance hierarchies.

scholarly journals The interplay of structural and relational governance in innovation alliances

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.J.P. Garbade ◽  
S.W.F. Omta ◽  
F.T.J.M. Fortuin
Keyword(s):  
Essential Role ◽  
Organizational Innovation ◽  
Knowledge Exchange ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Governance Mechanisms ◽  
Relational Governance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Alliance Performance ◽  
Alliance Partners

The present paper aims to extend the discussion in the governance literature about whether structural and relational governance mechanisms complement or substitute each other in innovation alliances. Where structural governance mechanisms refer to the division of tasks within the alliance and to upfront contractual and non-contractual input, output and risk-related agreements, relational governance mechanisms refer to trust, using informal norms and rules for coordination purposes. In innovation literature much attention has been paid to relational governance, which is expected to offer more of the flexibility needed for innovation than the regulations in structural governance that are perceived as rigid. However, the authors argue that the essential role of structural governance as a solid basis for creating trust, especially in alliances in which the partners do not know each other, is clearly underexposed in management literature. To fill this gap, a model conceptualizing the innovation alliance from inception to performance was tested using Partial Least Squares, employing a cross-sectional dataset of 94 innovation alliances in the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany and Austria. The results do indeed show the essential role of structural agreements in creating a platform for trust on which relational governance can strive, while a clear task division can help to reduce the complexity of the inter-organizational innovation process, by reducing the interdependency of the partners. Both structural mechanisms ease communication among the alliance partners, leading to a higher level of knowledge exchange, and ultimately leading to better alliance performance.

Knowledge transfer, governance mechanisms in alliance and environmental uncertainty

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 438-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Long ◽  
Peng Li ◽  
Bo You
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Environmental Uncertainty ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Governance Mechanisms ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Transfer Characteristics ◽  
Alliance Governance ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify the relationship between knowledge transfer characteristics in alliance and alliance governance mechanisms, the influence of alliance governance mechanisms on knowledge transfer consequences and investigate the role of environmental uncertainty in knowledge transfer of alliance. Design/methodology/approach – Survey data were collected mainly in high-tech industries of China, the firms in which often establish alliance for the purpose of learning and knowledge transfer often takes place in that alliance. Finally, 293 usable samples were included in subsequent analysis. Multiple regression analysis was used to examine the hypotheses. Findings – The extent of relational (/formal) governance mechanism used in alliance has a stronger positive relationship with the extent of tacit (/explicit) knowledge transfer in alliance than with the extent of explicit (/tacit) knowledge transfer in alliance between them; environmental uncertainty impairs relational governance mechanisms and enhances formal governance mechanisms used in alliance; both relational and formal governance mechanisms could facilitate knowledge transfer in alliance; environmental uncertainty hinders knowledge transfer and negatively moderates the relationship between alliance governance mechanisms and knowledge transfer. Originality/value – This paper finds the relationship between knowledge transfer in alliance and alliance governance mechanisms, and the role of environmental uncertainty, providing managers with direct implications about how to manage alliance with different knowledge transfer characteristics for the purpose of facilitating knowledge transfer in alliance; provides managers more details about the dark side of the environmental uncertainty in knowledge transfer, also reminds public policy-makers paying enough attention for the improvement of institutional environment to deal with uncertainty.

The role of human resources in processes of portuguese firms’ RD&I certification and development

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sérgio Gomes ◽  
Vítor Braga ◽  
Alexandra Braga
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Research Development ◽  
Innovation Activities

Innovation is seen as a competitive advantage that many companies use to ensure the continuity and success of your business.NP 4457:2007 is the Portuguese norm that supports management, based on a model of innovation backed up by interfaces and interaction between technical/scientific knowledge, its specific mechanisms and the overall society.Our paper aims to analyse innovation activities and the involvement of human resources in Portuguese firms certified by NP4457 and associated to the implementation of Research, Development, and Innovation (RD&I) management systems. We have collected the data through IPAC’s database, using a survey administered to all firms.Our results suggest the existence of a Human Resources (HR) involvement policy, customers and suppliers. The involvement of stakeholders with innovation activities results of its acceptance as a mechanism able to generate wealth, with benefits for both firms and the community.

Family and non-family sources of knowledge diversity in family firms: The role of causation logics

2020 ◽  
pp. 026624262095335
Author(s):  
Robert V Randolph ◽  
Hanqing ‘Chevy’ Fang ◽  
Esra Memili ◽  
Dilek Zamantili Nayir
Keyword(s):  
Family Firms ◽  
Knowledge Capital ◽  
Knowledge Resources ◽  
Knowledge Diversity ◽  
Sources Of Knowledge ◽  
Formal Causation ◽  
Intra Family ◽  
Empirical Analyses

This article will critically analyse the sources and the role of knowledge diversity in informing causation logics in family firms. Family firms rely on knowledge resources from both intra-family and extra-family sources, which may require different approaches to effectively manage. We argue that as family firms acquire greater knowledge diversity, family-centred effectuation processes become limited and they will increasingly rely on formal causation logics to coordinate these resources. However, we expect this relationship to differ when knowledge diversity is sourced from either family or non-family sources. Empirical analyses of 242 small- and medium-sized family firms indicate that knowledge diversity positively affects a firm’s reliance on causation logics, regardless of the source of that diversity. This suggests that the affinity of family firms to leverage effectuation logics may not be characteristic of family firms in general, but instead may be an artefact of firm reliance on knowledge capital concentrated in family owners.

Team Knowledge Diversity and Team Creativity: The Moderating Role of Status Inequality

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 1611-1622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won-Woo Park ◽  
Joon Yeol Lew ◽  
Eun Kyung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Team Creativity ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Task Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Diversity ◽  
Status Inequality ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Organizational Tenure ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role

We examined the relationship between team task knowledge diversity and team creativity, and the moderating role of team status inequality, with a focus on organizational tenure and rank inequality. By adopting an input–process–output framework, we hypothesized that teams would achieve high levels of creativity when they have a large pool of task-relevant expertise that is differentiated and specialized among team members, but the relationship would be weakened when team members have different statuses. We tested our hypotheses using data from 325 teams of employees at 10 companies in South Korea. Results showed that task knowledge diversity was positively associated with team creativity and a team's status inequality in terms of organizational tenure moderated the relationship in a negative way. Our findings contribute to the literature on team creativity by providing new insights regarding how status inequality, which is almost ubiquitous in workplaces, plays a role in a dynamic team process for creativity.

scholarly journals Domain name system (DNS), ICANN and Brazilian stakes

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-152
Author(s):  
Bruno Freire de Carvalho Calabrich
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Domain Name System ◽  
Internet Governance ◽  
Governance Mechanisms ◽  
Domain Name ◽  
Support Organizations

Purpose – The article addresses the Brazilian participation in ICANN and the interests of Brazil. As an introduction to the topic, a synthesis is presented on the DNS system, as well as on the origins, nature and role of ICANN, its structure, functioning, principles and governance mechanisms. Then, the main criticisms by the doctrine regarding the (lack of) participation of peripheral countries in ICANN are summarized. The next topic lists the groups and support organizations that have Brazilian members and presents some concrete cases analyzed within the scope of ICANN that affect Brazilian interests, including the registration of new gTLDs. Methodology/approach/design – The research has an eminently descriptive form, without neglecting the problematization of some related issues (specifically with regard to the interests of Brazil in ICANN). The theoretical framework is based on the studies of Milton Mueller and other authors (referred to in the bibliography) on internet governance. Findings – The paper identifies and describes, in a succinct and objective way, the DNS system, ICANN (its origins, its role and its operation) and what are the Brazilian interests related to it. Originality – It is a subject not yet explored in doctrine. Although there is a bibliography on the DNS, the origins, functioning, structure and especially the possible interests in Brazil in ICANN are little studied.

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